described about all types of baby care products, their evaluation and formulations

1. BABY CARE PRODUCT
PRESENTED BY:
Prasanta Deka
Pharmaceutical analysis
Krupanidhi college of Pharmacy,
Bangalore-35

2.  Baby care products are defined as the pediatric cosmetics which usually contain
harmless ingredients that make no or therapeutic value and is used more or less to
prevent rather than cure undesirable skin problems.
 Baby Care Products Intended for use on new born babies to children up to 5 years
 Functional rather than decorative
 Criteria for consideration during development
 High quality raw material
 Non-irritant substances
 Allergen free
 pH- skin friendly
 Addition of anti-oxidants, chelating agents, skin barrier protective ingredients.
INTRODUCTION

3.  BABY POWDERS
 BABY SOAPS
 BABY SHAMPOOS
 BABY CREAMS
 BABY OILS
 BABY LOTIONS
TYPES OF BABY CARE PRODUCTS

4. Uses:
• Absorbs moisture
• Prevents from irritation of fragile skin
BABY POWDERS
INGREDIENTS QUANTITY
Talc 77.90 %wt
Starch 20 %wt
Zinc oxide 2 %wt
Perfume 0.1%wt
Formula:

5. 1. Determination of matter insoluble in boiling water
1g (wetted with spirit) + 200ml water
boiled
filtered
dried at 105⁰c and weighed
2. Test for solubility of colour
1g + 50ml water
boiled
filtrate 10ml soln. + 15 ml spirit à(reflex & filtered) colorless/faintly colored
EVALUATION OF BABY POWDERS

6. 3. Determination of fineness
10g in 150μ sieve
wash with slow stream of running tap water
residue dried & weighed
4. Determination of moisture and volatile matter
5g dry in hot air oven at 105⁰c
and weighed
5. Determination of pH of aq. Suspension
10g + 150ml water
– suspension(within 5min)
– pH meter

7.  Baby soap shall possess good cleaning and lathering properties, is normally a mixture of
alkali salts of long-chain fatty acids
 Baby soaps are cruelty-free, and contain no animal fats, toxins, preservatives, or dyes.
Gentle, sophisticated and natural, baby soaps are made using quality essential oils, herbs,
fragrances, and other natural ingredients that can gently clean the skin of baby without
irritating or drying it.
 Toxic free and good for baby's skin, these soaps are generally fortified with vitamin E,
saponified olive, palm kernel, coconut, and food-grade vegetable oils. Herbal extracts, spices,
butters, sweet milk, goat's milk and buttermilk can also be found in some of the baby soaps
that makes a luxurious, rich, thick lather, which is dense and perforating, with character
and richness in every soap bar.
 Good quality baby soap should be – gentle, hypoallergenic, non-toxic, SLS free.
BABY SOAPS

8. • Coconut oil, Palm oil, Calendula oil, Spring water, Lavender oil, Sweet almond oil
(prunus amygdalus) Sodium hydroxide, Rosewood (aniba parviflora) oil, Aniba parviflora
oil
• Preservatives (BHT, Tetra sodium EDTA), Benzoin, Aloe barbadensis, Salvia officinalis,
Sodium palmate, Sodium gluconate, Sodium palmate
• Shea butter, Hibiscus esculentus seed extract, Aloe barbadensis gel
• Ingredients form certified organic agriculture
SOME OF THE MOST COMMON INGREDIENTS THAT ARE USED IN THE
MANUFACTURING OF BABY SOAPS ARE-

9. 1. DETERMINATION OF NICKEL:
• REAGENTS : NaOH, CONC. Hcl, dimethyl glyoxime solution, saturated bromine water.
Isolation of Metal From Soap
50g of soap dissolve in hot water
Add 40ml of conc. Hcl , heat until fatty acid layer separates
Add 20g paraffin wax , stir and allow to settle cool to room temp
Remove wax cake, rinse with water , add rinsing's to aq. Phase of evaporate to 60ml
Make up to 100ml (test solution)
EVALUATION OF BABY SOAP

10. 2. Nickel Content
Take 50ml of aliquot (evaporate to 15ml) to this add 3ml of bromine water (1mts) and
5ml of liquid ammonia (ppt formed)
Filter, add 10ml dimethyl glyoxime solution and add 15 ‐ 20ml 95%ethanol, Kept for
5mts for development of colour
The sample shall be considered to have passed the test if no pink colour develops

11. 3. DETERMINATION OF IRON :
• REAGENTS :liquid ammonia, sulphuric acid, citric acid, thioglycolic acid, standard iron solution,
methyl red indicator
PROCEDURE 5ml of test solution (metals are isolated from soap)
Add 4ml citric acid add 0.02ml methyl red +liquor ammonia (yellow colour) Add 3ml liq. ammonia in
excess
Cool and add 3ml thioglycolic acid
Make up to 25ml, filter
Measure absorbance at 540nm using water as blank
Prepare calibration curve with std from solution and determine iron content of soap sample from it

12. DETERMINATION OF COPPER :
 REAGENTS : std copper solution, zinc dibenzyl di thiocarbonate +25ml sulphuric acid
PROCEDURE
20ml aliquot+10ml zinc dibenzyl dithiocarbonate+25ml sulphuric acid shake for 1min
Collect the lower ccl4 layer in a volumetric flask
Wash the aq. Layer with ccl4 layer in a volumetric flask
Make up the volume, absorbance at 435nm
Prepare calibration curve with std copper solution
Determine the copper content of soap sample from curve
pH determination
 Soap sample weighing 150 mg was mixed in 15 ml distilled water without producing much lather. It
was kept undisturbed for 24 h for maximum dissolution of soap. Then the pH of each sample was
measured.

13. Ingredient name % Wt
DI water qs 66
Sodium laureth sulphate 8
Cocamidopropyl betaine 5
Disodium cocoamphodiacetate 2
Sodium oleamide-MIPA 4
PEG-80 sorbitan laurate [emulsifier[ 10
Coco-glucoside 5
BABY SHAMPOOS
Baby shampoos are used to clean the scalp and the hair of the babies

14. Evaluation of baby shampoo
1. Clarity - Cloud point & Clear point - difference 10 ⁰C
2. Viscosity - Rotational Viscometer 1- 100 rpm at 23⁰C, 500-1500 cps
3. pH - 6.5-8.5
Procedure – 1.5 ml of shampoo was is taken in a glass beaker and water is added to the
sample to make its volume to 15 ml. Mixing is done well without producing lather. The solution is
kept undisturbed for 30 min. Then the pH of each sample was measured.
4. Surface Tension - Traube Stalagmometer , 10% shampoo (20⁰C)
5. Detergency & Cleansing Action - Gravimetric method - % sebum removed after washing is
calculated
6. Foam Quality - Foam Volume – DLS stirrer, 500 rpm, 10 sec
Foam Density – Rubber stopper method

15. Product %
Drakeol 35- Mineral
Oil
6.10
Cetyl Alcohol NF 3.00
Emulsifying Wax 3.50
Jeechem SMS-
Sorbitan Stearate
1.00
Natural Wax Jelly 3.00
Purester 24 - Lauryl
Laurate
4.00
Tocopheryl Acetate 10
– Protect from aggressions
– Types - O/W cream and W/O creams
– Barrier Creams are used in winter
BABY CREAMS

16. EVALUATION OF CREAM
pH - 4.5 – 6 (skin pH)
About 1gm of the cream was weighed and dissolved in 100 ml of distilled water and stored for two
hours.
The measurement of pH of each formulation was done in triplicate and average values were
calculated
Viscosity
Brook-Field Viscometer, Viscosity of the formulation was determined by Brookfield Viscometer.
With 20 rpm at a temperature of 25⁰C and the determinations were carried out in triplicate and
the average of three readings was recorded
Centrifugation - Test 5000 rpm, 10 min (20 ⁰C) = effect of gravity for 1 yr. 24 hr , 7, 14, 21, 28 days
observe any phase separation
Rheological Studies - Beaker inclined – checked for consistency
Determination of Total Fatty Substance - Oil phase extracted with ether – extracts filtered and
weighed

17. Ingredient % Wt
Cetearyl Isononanoate 4.00
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride 56.00
Glycine Soja (Soybean) Oil, Calendula
Officinalis Flower Extract, Tocopherol
4
BABY OIL
Used for cleansing and moisturising
– Types
1. Mineral oil – Gives high moisturising effect, clogs the pores, prevents natural release
of toxins
2. Natural oil – It gives low moisturising effect and more therapeutic effect.

18. Refractive index(R.I.) – It measures purity
Melting point – capillary tube method
slip melting point method
Wiley melting point method.
Iodine value – measure of degree of unsaturation
Peroxide value – degree of lipid oxidation
EVALUTION OF BABY OILS

19. Ingredient % Wt
Water (A) Qs to 100
Cetyl Hydroxyethylcellulose(A) 0.50
Sorbitan Oleate Decylglucoside Crosspolyme(A) 4
Glyceryl Laurate(A) 0.50
Potassium Cetyl Phosphate(A) 1.00
Glycerin (A) 2
Isoamyl Laurate (B) 3
Undecane andTridecane(B) 5
Argania Spinosa Kernel (Argan) Oil (B) 2
Cetyl Alcohol(B) 4
Coco-Caprylate (B) 2
Phenoxyethanol and Ethylhexylglycerin (C) 0.50
Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil(C) 0.05
BABY LOTION

20. PROCEDURE
1.In primary vessel, combine Water and Cetyl Hydroxyethylcellulose. Hydrate according
to manufacturer instructions.
2.Heat to 70°C while adding remaining phase A ingredients.
3.In a side vessel, combine phase B ingredients. Heat to 70°C.
4.Once both phases are homogeneous and at temperature, add B to A slowly with good
mixing.
5.Slowly cool to 50°C and add phase C ingredients.
6.Homogenize and fil
EVALUTION OF BABY LOTIONS
– pH – 5.5+/- 0.2
– Viscosity - 2000 mPas +/- 500 mPas