1.If you examined pond water, did you notice any bacteria swimmming .pdf

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1.If you examined pond water, did you notice any bacteria swimmming in \"runs and tumbles\"? Did you notice any swimming in more-or- less in straight lines? If yes, describe the cell morphology. 2. Motility because of flagell is the most common form of bacterial locomtoion, but some bacteria glide. If you examined pond water, did you notice any gliding cyanobacteria? if yes, descirbe the morphology. Solution 1.When bacteria undergoes random walks , it is called run and tubke method. Many many bacteria can be seen in the pond with Run and tumble methods this method is used by only those bacteria which have flagella When the flagella rotate clockwise it cause a Tumble but when they rotate counterclockwise it causes swimming motion Example of this bacteria is E e coli bacteria which uses the run and tumble method to randomly walk in the pond. The movement of these bacteria is due to chemical gradient that is caused due to the concentration of food If The bacteria realises that there is the concentration gradient of a food in one particular direction it gets attracted towards it and continues to walk in straight line. So these movements are the result of simply choosing between two methods of random movement that is tumbling and straight swimming, which is decided by the no. , postioning and structure of helical flagella and the concentration gradient.

1.If you examined pond water, did you notice any bacteria swimmming in "runs and tumbles"?
Did you notice any swimming in more-or- less in straight lines? If yes, describe the cell
morphology.
2. Motility because of flagell is the most common form of bacterial locomtoion, but some
bacteria glide. If you examined pond water, did you notice any gliding cyanobacteria? if yes,
descirbe the morphology.
Solution
1.When bacteria undergoes random walks , it is called run and tubke method. Many many
bacteria can be seen in the pond with Run and tumble methods
this method is used by only those bacteria which have flagella
When the flagella rotate clockwise it cause a Tumble but when they rotate counterclockwise it
causes swimming motion
Example of this bacteria is E e coli bacteria which uses the run and tumble method to randomly
walk in the pond.
The movement of these bacteria is due to chemical gradient that is caused due to the
concentration of food
If The bacteria realises that there is the concentration gradient of a food in one particular
direction it gets attracted towards it and continues to walk in straight line.
So these movements are the result of simply choosing between two methods of random
movement that is tumbling and straight swimming, which is decided by the no. , postioning and
structure of helical flagella and the concentration gradient

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archanacomputers1

Two loudspeakers on elevated platforms are at opposite ends of a field. Each broadcasts equally in all directions. The sound intensity level at a point halfway between the loudspeakers is 71.6 dB . Q:What is the sound intensity level at a point one-quarter of the way from one speaker to the other along the line joining them? Solution We know that the net intensity level due to multiple source is given as: 71.6 = 10 log ( Inet / I0); 71.6 = 10 log(2I/Io) Now, what we have is that the Inet = 2I where I is the intensity due to one of the speakers. [Since the two loudspeakers are the same, we take Intensity at the centre of the field due be same] Further, we know that Intensity due to a sound source is inversely proportional to the distance from the source. That is the net intensity at a point one quarter away from one of the sources = 4I + 4I/9 = 40 I/9 [Since the distance from one of the speakers will be halved, the intensity becomes 4 times, while for other the distance will become 3/2 times, hence the intensity will become 4/9 times] Hence, the new sound intensity level = 10 log(40 I / 9 Io) = 10log [(20/9)*(2I/Io)] = 10log(20/9) + 71.6 Therefore, the net sound intensity level = 75.0679 dB.

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At 50°C, PCR primers are able to access target DNA before template strands can rejoin due to...A. ) Template being forced apart by single stranded binding protein Solution Correct answer is option A and B. Template being forced apart by single stranded binding proteins. Primers being more abundant than template. SsBP do not allow the dna strands to anneal until the primer attaches to the template strand. They help in more accurate PCR. Large number of primers means more chances of primers binding to target DNA..

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