Live Loads Live Load vs Dead Load Live loads are consists of occupancy loads in buildings and traffic loads on bridges. They may be fully or partially in place or not present at all and may change its location. Human, chair, table, computer, bed, furniture etc are live loads. Live loads may change its present location as they are not lifetime part of a structure. So, in structural design live loads are provided a larger safety factor than the others. The minimum uniformly distributed live loads for a residential building is 40 psf and for a office 50 psf(per square feet). Dead Loads Dead loads are those that are constant in magnitude and fixed in location through out the lifetime of the structure. Usually the major part of the dead load is the self weight of the structure. The dead load can be calculated accurately from the design configuration, dimension of the structure and density of the material. The loads of the beams, columns, foundations, slabs etc are the dead loads of a structure. Also, Dead Loads are not limited to walls, floors, roofs, ceilings, stairways, built-in partitions, finishes, cladding and other similarly incorporated architectural and structural items, and fixed services equipment, including the weight of cranes. All dead loads are considered permanent loads. The major difference between live loads and dead loads is: HEEL BLOCK: This is the term used in railway design. Heel blocks are the blocks inserted between the heel of the stock rail and tongue rail. Used to provide clear gap for the wheel flange. These refers to the cast iron block to which tongue rail and lead rail are bolted to their respective stock rail. This block keeps the switch rail at the specific distance from the respective stock railand also enables side ways movement of the switch rail. RAKER: A long-handled implement with a row of projecting teeth at its head, used especially to gather leaves or to loosen or smooth earth Difference between Heel block and Raker: A heel block is a concrete block which supports a raker which in turn supports a temporary wall. Where the excavation is too wide, sloping rakers are used in-stead, bearing against heel blocks or other temporary footings. Solution Live Loads Live Load vs Dead Load Live loads are consists of occupancy loads in buildings and traffic loads on bridges. They may be fully or partially in place or not present at all and may change its location. Human, chair, table, computer, bed, furniture etc are live loads. Live loads may change its present location as they are not lifetime part of a structure. So, in structural design live loads are provided a larger safety factor than the others. The minimum uniformly distributed live loads for a residential building is 40 psf and for a office 50 psf(per square feet). Dead Loads Dead loads are those that are constant in magnitude and fixed in location through out the lifetime of the structure. Usually the major part of the dead load is the self weight of the struc.

1. Live Loads
Live Load vs Dead Load
Live loads are consists of occupancy loads in buildings and traffic loads on bridges. They may be
fully or partially in place or not present at all and may change its location. Human, chair, table,
computer, bed, furniture etc are live loads. Live loads may change its present location as they are
not lifetime part of a structure. So, in structural design live loads are provided a larger safety
factor than the others. The minimum uniformly distributed live loads for a residential building is
40 psf and for a office 50 psf(per square feet).
Dead Loads
Dead loads are those that are constant in magnitude and fixed in location through out the lifetime
of the structure. Usually the major part of the dead load is the self weight of the structure. The
dead load can be calculated accurately from the design configuration, dimension of the structure
and density of the material. The loads of the beams, columns, foundations, slabs etc are the dead
loads of a structure. Also, Dead Loads are not limited to walls, floors, roofs, ceilings, stairways,
built-in partitions, finishes, cladding and other similarly incorporated architectural and structural
items, and fixed services equipment, including the weight of cranes. All dead loads are
considered permanent loads.
The major difference between live loads and dead loads is:
HEEL BLOCK:
This is the term used in railway design. Heel blocks are the blocks inserted between the heel of
the stock rail and tongue rail. Used to provide clear gap for the wheel flange. These refers to the
cast iron block to which tongue rail and lead rail are bolted to their respective stock rail. This
block keeps the switch rail at the specific distance from the respective stock railand also enables
side ways movement of the switch rail.
RAKER:
A long-handled implement with a row of projecting teeth at its head, used especially to gather
leaves or to loosen or smooth earth
Difference between Heel block and Raker:
A heel block is a concrete block which supports a raker which in turn supports a temporary wall.
Where the excavation is too wide, sloping rakers are used in-stead, bearing against heel blocks or
other temporary footings.
Solution

2. Live Loads
Live Load vs Dead Load
Live loads are consists of occupancy loads in buildings and traffic loads on bridges. They may be
fully or partially in place or not present at all and may change its location. Human, chair, table,
computer, bed, furniture etc are live loads. Live loads may change its present location as they are
not lifetime part of a structure. So, in structural design live loads are provided a larger safety
factor than the others. The minimum uniformly distributed live loads for a residential building is
40 psf and for a office 50 psf(per square feet).
Dead Loads
Dead loads are those that are constant in magnitude and fixed in location through out the lifetime
of the structure. Usually the major part of the dead load is the self weight of the structure. The
dead load can be calculated accurately from the design configuration, dimension of the structure
and density of the material. The loads of the beams, columns, foundations, slabs etc are the dead
loads of a structure. Also, Dead Loads are not limited to walls, floors, roofs, ceilings, stairways,
built-in partitions, finishes, cladding and other similarly incorporated architectural and structural
items, and fixed services equipment, including the weight of cranes. All dead loads are
considered permanent loads.
The major difference between live loads and dead loads is:
HEEL BLOCK:
This is the term used in railway design. Heel blocks are the blocks inserted between the heel of
the stock rail and tongue rail. Used to provide clear gap for the wheel flange. These refers to the
cast iron block to which tongue rail and lead rail are bolted to their respective stock rail. This
block keeps the switch rail at the specific distance from the respective stock railand also enables
side ways movement of the switch rail.
RAKER:
A long-handled implement with a row of projecting teeth at its head, used especially to gather
leaves or to loosen or smooth earth
Difference between Heel block and Raker:
A heel block is a concrete block which supports a raker which in turn supports a temporary wall.
Where the excavation is too wide, sloping rakers are used in-stead, bearing against heel blocks or
other temporary footings.