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ASSIGNMENT

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CONCEPTS OF E-TWINNING
AND ONLINE LEARNING
Submitted to Submitted by
Somalatha Anix Johnson
Lecturer in Mathematics Reg no: 18014354002
MATHEMATICS
M.M.T.C VILAKUDY

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Index
Items Page no.
Introduction 4-5
Cooperation between
schools: eTwinning
5-8
Online learning 8-13
Email 13
Blog 14
Conclusion 15
Reference 15

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MATHEMATICS
e-twinning
Networking as a means of personal and professional growth
EDUCATION
INTRODUCTION
A social revolution is occurring in the way information is shared,
knowledge is generated and innovation takes place over the
Internet and there is renewed interest in the social concept of
community to support e-learning. And is becoming so popular in
this era. E-learning includes, and is broadly synonymous with
multimedia learning,
technology-enhanced learning (TEL),
computer-based instruction (CBI),
computer managed instruction,
computer-based training (CBT),
computer-assisted instruction or computer-aided instruction (CAI),
internet-based training(IBT),
flexible learning,
web-based training (WBT),
online education,
virtual education,
virtual learning environments (VLE) (which are also called learning
platforms),
m-learning,
Digital education.

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These alternative names individually emphasize a particular
digitization approach, component or delivery .so it is very
important to know about the concepts of online learning and
etwinning. Online learning, sometimes referred to as e-learning, is
a form of distance education. Online courses are delivered over
the Internet and can be accessed from a computer with a Web
browser (ex. Internet Explorer).And an etwinning provides useful
insights into how an online learning community can support the
continuous professional development (CPD) of school teachers.
Using the Community of Inquiry framework, it offers empirical
evidence of how cognitive, social and teaching aspects impact
competence development. It suggests that online learning
communities offer an appropriate environment for teachers'
intellectual and emotional reflection, characterized by trust,
mutual respect and shared values centered on improving pupils'
learning. It also suggests that the educational experience within
such a community is significantly influenced by the tutor's design
and moderation of activities aimed at fostering critical thinking.
COOPERATION BETWEEN SCHOOLS:
ETWINNING
History
The eTwinning action was launched in January 2005. Its main
objectives complied with the decision by the Barcelona European
Council in March 2002 to promote school twinning as an
opportunity for all students to learn and practice ICT skills and to
promote awareness of the multicultural European model of
society. More than 13000 schools were involved in eTwinning
within its first year. In fall 2008, over 50000 teachers and 4000
projects have been registered, while a new eTwinning platform
was launched. In early 2009 the eTwinning motto has changed
from "School partnerships in Europe" to "The community for

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schools in Europe". In June 2009, the eTwinning community
consisted of nearly 65000 members. In 2011 nearly 30000
projects have been registered, the total number of registered
teachers has increased dramatically to 130000, and the number of
registered schools has been 90000. Currently (June 2012), more
than 20 000 projects have been developed between two or more
schools across Europe, the total number of registered teachers is
close to 170000 and the number of involved schools is more than
90000.
What is it?
The eTwinning uses information and communication technology
(ICT) to enhance cooperation between schools. It provides
support for online cooperation between schools, provides the
opportunity for exchanges between teaching staff or cooperation
opportunities on projects, as well as an online forum, free tools,
and support for networking with European colleagues. The
eTwinning project aims to encourage European schools to
collaborate using Information and Communication Technologies
(ICT). The project was born under the European Union`s e-
Learning programme and is now part of the Lifelong Learning
Programme. The main concept behind eTwinning is that schools
are paired with another. The eTwinning action is an initiative of
the European Commission that aims to encourage European
schools to collaborate using Information and Communication
Technologies (ICT) by providing the necessary infrastructure
(online tools, services, support). Therefore, teachers registered in
the eTwinning action are enabled to form partnerships and
develop collaborative, pedagogical school projects in any subject
area with the sole requirements to employ ICT to develop their
project and collaborate with teachers from other European
countries (at least two teachers from two different European
countries are needed). The primary workspace for the eTwinning
action is the eTwinning Portal (www.etwinning.net) and it is
available in twenty-five languages. Teachers registered in the

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eTwinning action, also called eTwinners, find each other,
communicate, share resources and collaborate through the
eTwinning platform.
What does it involve?
Etwinning provides opportunities for teachers and other school
staff from different countries to work together on projects.
Teachers can access online tools and learning materials,
network with colleagues and take part in workshops and
communities of practice. Etwinning helps schools to create a
welcoming environment for cross-cultural cooperation for pupils,
teachers and staff.
Who can take part?
Teachers and other school staff at schools in participating
countries (pre-primary to upper secondary level) can sign up to
use eTwinning.
Operations of etwinning
The main concept behind eTwinning is that schools are paired
with another school and they collaboratively develop a project,
also known as eTwinning project. The two schools then
communicate using the Internet (for example, by e-mail or video
conferencing) to collaborate, share and learn from each other.
ETwinning encourages and develops ICT skills as the main
activities inherently use information technology. Being 'twinned'
with a foreign school also encourages cross-cultural exchanges of
knowledge, fosters students' intercultural awareness, and
improves their communication skills. ETwinning projects last for
any length of time ranging from only a week, to months, up to
creating permanent relationships between schools. Along the
same lines, face-to-face meetings between partner’s schools are

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not required, though they are not prohibited and some schools
organize face-to-face meetings.
ONLINE LEARNING
A few years ago, online education was unthinkable; now it is a
reality and it has expanded beyond imagination. The Internet has
allowed us to cross boundaries that took a long time to cross;
technology has allowed us to learn and grow with people from
around the world. It has given access to new opportunities in
work, learning and in socializing. We are now witnessing a
transformation in the way people learn. The future of education in
general, and college education in particular, will be of more
access, more educational choices, and new fields in educational
research.
Online education is defined as the creation and proliferation of
the personal computer, the globalization of ideas and other human
acts, and the use of technology in exchanging ideas and providing
access to more people. Audio, video, computer, and networking
technologies are often combined to create a multifaceted
instructional delivery system. The fundamental method to unite
the distance learning instructor with the distance learner is the
network. Networks suitable for distance learning implementations
include satellite, cable modem, digital subscriber lines (DSL), and
wireless cable.
There are many terms for on-line education. Some of them are
virtual education, internet-based education, web-based education,
education via computer-mediated communication. The web-edu
project uses a definition of online education that is based on
Desmond Keegan’s (1988) definition. It is by:
1. The separation of teachers and learners which distinguishes it
from face-to-face education;

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2. The influence of an educational organization which distinguishes
it from self-study and private tutoring;
3. The use of a computer network to present or distribute some
educational content; and
4. The provision of tw0-way communication via a computer
network so that students may benefit from communication with
each other, teachers and staff.
Definitions of on line learning
1 Online learning, sometimes referred to as e-learning, is a
form of distance education. Online courses are delivered over the
Internet and can be accessed from a computer with a Web
browser (ex. Internet Explorer).
2 Online learning is the use of electronic media, educational
technology and information and communication
technologies (ICT) in education.
3 Online learning is associated with content readily accessible on a
computer. The content may be on the Web or the Internet, or
simply installed on a CD-ROM or the computer hard disk.
Characteristics of online learning
Online courses are ideal for students whose work schedule or
family commitments don't allow them to attend classes on
campus.
Online learning allows you the leisure of participating in classes
from the comfort of your home.
Requires self-discipline and motivation.
You should be committed to learning
Students are expected to participate in on-line discussions and
activities on a regular basis.
Online courses are not easier or less work than face-to-face
classes. You will be responsible for your own learning.
Basic computer skills needed for online learning

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Navigate and search the Internet
Use e-mail
Attach document files in an e-mail
Download and save files
Use word processing software (Microsoft Word, Excel, and
PowerPoint)
Online learning can occur in or out of the classroom. It can be
self-paced, asynchronous learning or may be instructor-
led, synchronous learning. online-learning is suited to distance
learning and flexible learning, but it can also be used in
conjunction with face-to-face teaching, in which case the
term blended learning is commonly used.
Synchronous online learning
Synchronous - students are online at a specified time
Within synchronous learning; learning and teaching takes place in
real time (same time) while the trainer and learners are physically
separated from each other (place shift).
Examples include:
◦ listening to a live radio broadcast
◦ watching live a television broadcast
◦ audio/video conferencing
◦ Internet telephony
◦ online lectures
◦ two-way live satellite broadcast
Asynchronous online learning
Asynchronous - delivered at your convenience any time or place
Characteristic for asynchronous learning is the fact that that the
trainer prepares the courseware material before the course takes
place. The learner is free to decide when he wants to study the
courseware
Examples include:
◦ self paced courses taken via Internet or CD-Rom
◦ videotaped classes

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◦ stored audio/video Web presentations or seminars
◦ recorded audio tapes
◦ Q & A mentoring
◦ reading e-mail messages
Possible communications in online learning
Within communication we distinguish different directions/ways
to communicate:
one to one
one to many
many to one
many to many
One to one
Situation
◦ Learner to learner
◦ Learner to trainer
◦ Trainer to learner
Examples
◦ chat: private chat in a chat room or the instant messenger
◦ e-mail: send mail to a colleague or ask a question to a trainer
◦ screen sharing: sharing Microsoft Word, collaborate on a Word
document
One to many
Situation
◦ Trainer to learners
◦ Learner to learners
Examples
◦ chat: trainer is explaining content to learners
◦ video conference: trainer is explaining content to learners via web
broadcast
◦ screen sharing: using the net for giving learners a tour through
PowerPoint slides or web pages

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◦ newsgroups: posting a question in a newsgroup or discussion
forum
◦ e-seminar: lecture or presentation over the internet
Many to one
Situation
◦ Learners to trainer
◦ Learners to learner
Examples
◦ chat: ask or discuss real-time questions or issues to a learning
desk
◦ newsgroup: react on a posted message in a discussion forum
Many to many
Situation
◦ Learners to learners
◦ Learners to learners and trainers
Examples
◦ chat: discussion where learners can exchange learning experiences
or just talk or a discussion led by trainers where students solve a
case by collaboration through discussion
◦ two-way video conferencing: virtual classroom situation where
trainer explains and learners react or meeting where subjects can
be discussed
◦ telephone conferencing
Advantages of online learning
Improved open access to education, including access to full degree
programs
Better integration for non-full-time students, particularly in
continuing education,
Improved interactions between students and instructors,
Provision of tools to enable students to independently solve
problems,
Acquisition of technological skills through practice with tools and
computers.

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No age-based restrictions on difficulty level, i.e. students can go at
their own pace.
Disadvantages of online learning
Ease of cheating
Bias towards tech-savvy students over non-technical students
Teachers' lack of knowledge and experience to manage virtual
teacher-student interaction
Lack of social interaction between teacher and students
Lack of direct and immediate feedback from teachers
Asynchrony communication hinders fast exchange of question
Danger of procrastination
EMAIL
An Email ID acts as a virtual address for Email Messages. It is
provided to you by your Email Account Provider (in most cases
your Internet Service Provider) and contains information about
your Username, Email Account Provider, Password and Email
Settings.
How we can create a new email ID or email
address using g-mail.
Open a Web browser ( internet explorer or Google chrome or
Mozilla etc)
write in address bar www.gmail.com
Click on "CREATE AN ACCOUNT“
A box will appear
Now fill all the details, here the user name is the desired user ID
which you want to create.
After felling all the details click on "Next step" Button
After next step it will ask for Phone number for verification, enter
cell phone number and click on next
Now click on "next step” button and you will get you inbox.

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BLOG
A blog originally came from the word “weblog” or a “web log”.
You can think of it as an online journal or diary, although blogs
are used for much more now, like online journalism.
A blogger is someone who blogs, or writes content for a blog.
Blogging is the act of writing a post for a blog.
A blog is a type of website which has posts (or entries) appearing
in reverse chronological order.
Blog posts typically appear with the most recent blog post (or
entry, post) first, just like a diary or journal.
A blog is typically updated frequently and regularly, although
there are some who are considered “slow bloggers”.
Blogs typically have an area for people to comment or respond to
the blog post.
Blogs may also have other areas of content and links to other
websites.
Blogs can have individual authors or be a collection of authors.
Blogs have a history or an archive of previous blog posts.
HOW TO CREATE A BLOG
Log on to Blogger
Select Google-blogger
Type your email id and password
Click log in
Type the topic
Type blogger address required
Click on to log in
Your blog has been created.

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CONCLUSION
Online learning communities offer a valuable alternative to
traditional teacher training by supporting teachers to learn in the
context of their everyday practice, whilst collaborating and
reflecting on their experience with peers across regions and
countries. Concerning the wider use of social networking for
learning, it suggests that educators still have a valuable role to
play in ensuring that collaboration leads to an effective
educational experience within and out of the normal class rooms.
REFERENCE
1 http://www.etwinning.net/en/pub/news/publications.htm
2 https://www.google.co.in/?gws_rd=ssl#q=concept+of+Etwinning
+for+institutional%2F+professional+growth
3 https://www.google.co.in/?gws_rd=ssl#q=definition+of+online+l
earning
4 http://www.etwinning.net
5 https://www.porto.ucp.pt/open/curso/.../Definition%20of%20Ter
ms.pdf
6 onlinelibrary.wilhttps://www.google.co.in