Chapter 1- 3

Republic of the Philippines
SURIGAO DEL SUR STATE UNIVERSITY
Main Campus, Tandag City
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
1
Chapter I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING
Introduction
Local and national security is emphasized a social need in which the
government has done its best to implement laws and ordinances responsive to
promote peace and order in the community. Furthermore, local officials have been
proposed and approved laws and ordinances that will benefit citizens in its massive
implementation to help the community responsible, participative and cooperative in
all phenomena and situations. Thus, the implementation of curfew hours in Bag-ong
Lungsod, Tandag City is a relevant social need to promote security and to maintain
peace and order of the local residents in the community.
According to Balangen, C. (2011), implementing ordinances to the residents
especially the youth which comprises the majority of the population are deemed
important not only to secure their safety and maintain peace and order but as well
as to strengthen their discipline. These ordinances are laws set forth by a
governmental authority; specifically a municipal regulation. It is in disseminating
such policies or information where communication is needed to call the attention of
the people and for them to make immediate actions abiding to such policies.
As what cited by Maslog, (1998), communication is the transmission of
information, ideas, values, beliefs and attitudes from one person to another. It is the
basic social process which includes all the ways by which man shares with his
fellow men what are on his mind and heart. Information, on the other hand, is what

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being communicated is presented within a context that gives meaning and which
leads to increase in understanding. In other words, communication is very vital with
respect to widest dissemination of ordinances and policies to be legally imposed in
certain communities.
Awareness is the process by which an innovation on technology is brought to
the attention or consciousness of a community. All innovations and technologies
new to a community are perceived merely as information. As information, it merely
consists of message flows on innovations and technologies that are static in time
and linear in nature with little implication for future action ( Genilo, 2004). In other
words, awareness of the laws/ordinances being implemented in a certain
community is actually a responsibility of each citizen or local resident to get involved
with new ordinances and latest policies that the local and city officials will have to
impose and to regulate community development and social awareness.
With respect to the gaps of this study, it actually involves on how will be
implementation of curfew hours be done in the said locale with the help and support
of the city local officials, how exactly the local residents will take part in the
dissemination of information of the curfew hours and what are information strategies
to be considered and to be used for objective and effective implementation.
In response to the gaps and issues in this study in attaining the effective
implementation of curfew hours in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City, active
participation and involvement of the city government officials is encouraged as well
as to acknowledge the support of the local residents to get involved further with

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information strategies to disseminate the significance of the curfew hours in its
objective and implementation. In other words, this study is a very necessary call for
public security in order to maintain peace and order in the community and so that
the local residents will be properly informed of the implementation of curfew hours in
Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City.
Conceptual/ Theoretical Framework
According to OJJDP (2010), curfews have reemerged recently as a popular
option for policymakers in their efforts to deter juvenile victimization and
delinquency. Imposed on and off since the turn of the century, curfews tend to
receive increased attention when there is a perceived need for more stringent
efforts at social control. For example, curfew ordinances were originally enacted in
the 1890's to decrease crime among immigrant youth. During World War II, curfews
were perceived as an effective control for parents who were busy helping with the
war effort. More recent interest in juvenile curfew ordinances came as a response to
growing juvenile crime during the 1970's.
According to the Sangguniang Bayan of La Trinidad on March 4, 2008
ammended section 15 of Ordinance No. 1-2003 or the Curfew for Minors under the
Children Welfare Code changing mainly the time schedule and the penalties which
then now referred to as the Ordinance No. 2- 2008. Section 15 of Ordinance No.2 of
2008 states that “No person below eighteen years old shall loiter in the streets or
public places between Seven O’clock in the evening (7:00 pm) to Five O’clock in the
morning (5:00 am), except those returning to or going out of their houses or schools

4
for legitimate purposes or unless they are in company with their parents and
guardians. Minors who shall be caught will be referred to the Municipal Social
Welfare and Development Office (MSWDO) for guidance and counseling,
safekeeping for the night, and disposition in accordance to the provisions of RA
9344.
According to Balangen, C. (2011), the said ordinance is a revised edition of
Ordinance no.1-2003, section 15 which states that “No person below eighteen years
shall loiter in the streets or public places between 10:30. PM to 3:00 AM except
those returning to or going out of their houses or schools for legitimate purpose or
unless they are in company with their parents.” Ordinance no.1-2003 is entitled
“Providing a comprehensive children’s welfare support program of the municipality
of La Trinidad, Benguet and for other purposes.”
According to La Trinidad Vice Mayor Romeo Salda Sr., the ordinance was
revised to match with Baguio City who earlier revised the same ordinance in their
locality. Reports said the senior citizens federation asked municipalities in Benguet
to strictly impose the curfew for minors, in order to shun them away from committing
or becoming victims of crimes.
According to Executive Education (2010), implementing Strategy gives a
broad view of implementation and a thorough understanding of each piece of the
implementation process so one can make more informed decisions on efficiency
and effectiveness.

5
According to Braid, (1983), the growing awareness of communication as a
basic human rights has triggered demands for greater access for existing media-
communication is now seen as a two-way process and goes beyond the right to
receive information to include rights to initiate and to transmit as well as the right not
to communicate

6
Figure.1 Schematic Diagram
This diagram actually shows the input, process and output in relation and
support to the study.
I I
In view of the paradigm presented above, it actually embodies and
represents important aspects/frames that guide the study. The demographic profile,
level of awareness, information strategies and outcome/feedbacks of the
implementation will contribute inputs and conditions of implementation of the curfew
 Demographic profile of
the respondents;
1. Age
2. Civil Status
3. Sex
4. Occupation
5. Educational
Background
6. Employment
Background
 Level of Awareness,
 Information Strategies
and reasons
 Outcomes/Feedbacks
of the implementation
Strict
Implementation of
Curfew Hours in
Bag-ong Lungsod,
Tandag City
Safe, Peace and
Order
Environment in
Bag-ong Lungsod,
Tandag City

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hours. Moreover, the strict implementation is a considered to be a process on how it
is to be done and lastly, the safe, peace and order environment in Bag-ong
Lungsod, Tandag City will be achieved in view of the active participation of the city
government officials and with the support and involvement of the local residents by
virtue of information strategies.

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Statement of the Problem
The implementation of curfew hours in a specific locale is a social need that
supports and protects the local residents particularly the youth or the minors in the
community. In fact, it is a relevant response for national and local security to
become responsible residents and to take part with the significant and objective call
for security, peace and order in the community.
This study would be specifically sought to answer the following questions:
1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 Sex
1.2 Civil Status
1.3 Sex
1.4 Occupation
1.5 Educational Background
1.6 Employment Background
2. What is the level of awareness of the local residents with respect to the
implementation of curfews in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City?
3. What are the reasons and information strategies involved and considered for
effective implementation of curfew hours in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City?
4. What are outcomes/feedbacks from the respondents of the implementation
that suggests further development/improvement?

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Scope and Limitation of the Study
This study is conducted to determine and to identify the huge impact and
outcomes with respect to the implementation of the curfew hours in Bag-ong
Lungsod, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur for Academic Year 2016-2017.
Moreover, this study is focused to find out the level of level of awareness,
information strategies and reasons and outcomes/feedbacks of implementation of
the curfew hours and to assess the effectiveness of its implementation bringing
impact, objectivity and significance to the lives of local residents and city
government officials of the community.
Otherwise, this study is focused to come up with the relative results and
responses with respect to the effective and beneficial implementation of Bag-ong
Lungsod, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur.

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Significance of the Study
The findings of the study will provide salient pieces of information to the
academe, institutions, business establishments and group of persons:
To the Tandaganons: This study will give them enough information in the
implementation of curfew hours in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur
in support to the local and national social call for security, peace and order by the
Philippine National Police and substantiating individual responsibility in protecting
the community. Furthermore, the implementation of the ordinance is very necessary
to help informed the public the benefits of curfew hours to be implemented in a
particular locale or setting.
To the City Government Officials: This study will help them encouraged to
support and continue the volunteered campaigns through effective and objective
implementation of ordinances to the local community. Moreover, the goal of the
implementation of curfew hours of a particular locale will be helping the local
residents to become responsible, participative and productive individuals for
community involvement and development.
To the Public Administration Students: This study will guide them to the
effective implementation of implementation of curfew hours ordinance/policy in
some urban and rural areas in relation to legal procedures to the implemention of an
an ordinance to the local community. Also, it will give them salient information and
knowledge in conducting research work relevant to the implementation of curfew
hours in municipalities and cities in response to the local and national call of the

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Philippine National Police and Local Government Officials in maintaining peace and
order for a community to live in.
To the Public Administration Instructors: This study will help
substantiated their instruction for public administration class in order that they can
share knowledge and information to their students with respect to the appropriate
implementation of ordinances and policies in relation to local and national effective
campaign for peace and order spearheaded by the Philippine National Police and
Local Government Officials that protects the local residents particularly the youth or
the minors from a repeating crimes in the society. In other words, this study will be
useful in conceptualizing and designing instructional materials and tools responsive
in teaching law and ordinance making.
To the Parents: This study will help them informed on the significance of the
implementation of curfew hours in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City in substantiating
and advocating positive outcomes and benefits to their families and children so that
they will be part in maintaining peace and order in the community and so that they
would also
To the Schools/Universities: This study will help informed properly the
importance of the implementation of curfew hours to the community and for the
basic and higher academic institutions in both public and public will be leading to
the implementation for appropriate dissemination of salient and relevant information
to academic and administrative staffs for the benefit of the academic community.

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DEFINITION OF TERMS
The different terminologies used in the development of the study are
conceptually and operationally defined below for clarity and easy understanding
among readers:
Awareness refers to the psychological consciousness of the local residents
on the implementation of curfew hours in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City. In this
study, the term is used to determine the levels of awareness of the implementation
of curfew hours of the local residents in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City.
Feedback refers to the positive and negative responses of local residents of
the implementation of curfew hours in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City. In this study,
the term is used to determine the positive and negative comments/suggestions and
will be given substantial intervention to improve and to monitor the process of
dissemination as well as its legal imposition of the said curfew hours in Bag-ong
Lungsod, Tandag City.
Information Strategies refers to the different ways and effective methods in the
dissemination of the implementation of curfew hours in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag
City with the active participation of public officials and local residents. In this study,
the term is used to identify the different ways and effective methods which are
convenient to use in the dissemination of the implementation of curfew hours in
Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City.
Curfew Hours refers to a specific time that informs the public with respect to
time management through legal guidance and regulation to promote peace and

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order in a specific locale/community. In this study, the term is used to determine the
awareness of the local residents on the implementation of curfew hours in Bag-ong
Lungsod, Tandag City.
Implementation refers to legal action that the local and city government
officials are involved in its dissemination to foster and pursue its advocacy for peace
and order in the community. In this study, the term is used to identify the ways and
methods on how the implementation of curfew hours will be done effectively and
efficiently in the community with the active participation of the local residents is also
acknowledged.
Profile refers to the biographic or demographic entities of local residents with
respect to age, civil status, sex, occupation, educational background and
employment background in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City. In this study, the term
is used to determine the demographic profile of local residents and its impact to
implementation of curfews in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City.
Reasons refers to the different responses of local residents in relation to the
adherence and non-adherance to the implementation of curfew hours in Bag-ong
Lungsod, Tandag City. In this study, the term is used to determine the factors and
levels of adherence and non-adherence of local residents on the implementation of
curfew hours in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City.

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Chapter II
Review and Related Literature and Related Studies
This chapter covers and presents the Review of Related Literature and
Related Studies in giving support and substance to the present study.
Related Literature
Foreign
Curfews have reemerged recently as a popular option for policymakers in
their efforts to deter juvenile victimization and delinquency. Imposed on and off
since the turn of the century, curfews tend to receive increased attention when there
is a perceived need for more stringent efforts at social control. For example, curfew
ordinances were originally enacted in the 1890's to decrease crime among
immigrant youth. During World War II, curfews were perceived as an effective
control for parents who were busy helping with the war effort. More recent interest in
juvenile curfew ordinances came as a response to growing juvenile crime during the
1970's (OJJDP, 2010).
Implementing Strategy gives a broad view of implementation and a thorough
understanding of each piece of the implementation process so one can make more
informed decisions on efficiency and effectiveness (Executive Education, 2010).
The growing awareness of communication as a basic human rights has
triggered demands for greater access for existing media-communication is now
seen as a two-way process and goes beyond the right to receive information to

15
include rights to initiate and to transmit as well as the right not to communicate
(Braid, 1983).
Awareness comprises a human’s perception and cognitive reaction to a
condition or event. Awareness does not necessarily imply understanding, just an
ability to be conscious of; feel or perceive. Awareness requires the ability to totally
focus attention on a task or a certain thing ( Davidsons, 2008).
Braid enumerated some of the identified communication weaknesses of
integrated development projects in the Philippines as follows: wide information gap;
lack of interaction among settlements; very little interaction or linkage between
urban clusters and rural areas; inadequate involvement of beneficiaries of change in
project planning; inadequate feedback mechanisms; weak coordinating structure of
agencies involved in the programme; lack of involvement of community
organizations; and lack of utilization of existing community communication
resources.
Existing political, economic and social structures can hinder access and
participation as these are primarily hierarchical and centralized in nature. Many
problems in implementation were traceable to inadequacies in the planning process.
For example, the lack of participation of program implementors in plan formulation
led to unrealistic plans (Braid, 1983).
Braid (1983) said that the most important criterion of success in any strategy
is its effectiveness in developing human resource capabilities. He added that the

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test of a successful communication strategy in most action programs is usually seen
when a matching of demand and supply of service is achieved.
According to United Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA, 2011),
IEC combines strategies, approaches and methods that enable individuals, families,
groups, organizations and communities to play active roles in achieving, protecting
and sustaining their own health. Embodied in IEC is the process of learning that
empowers people to make decisions, modify behaviours and change social
conditions. As such, the situation observed in the different barangays may imply
that weak use of communication strategies like the use of IEC materials may lead to
poor compliance or participation of the people.
Local
Awareness is the process by which an innovation on technology is brought to
the attention or consciousness of a community. All innovations and technologies
new to a community are perceived merely as information. As information, it merely
consists of message flows on innovations and technologies that are static in time
and linear in nature with little implication for future action. Although sorted, analyzed
and displayed in a manner or understandable in the community, information on
innovations and technologies still needs to be assessed, evaluated and defined in
terms of patterns and implications within the context of the communication to allow
successful application (Genilo, 2004).
Information source is a system which produces messages by making
successive selections from a group of symbols (Anonymous, 2010). Information can

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come from virtually anywhere- personal experiences, books, articles, expert
opinions, encyclopedias, television, radio, and the type of information that the
community needs that will change depending on the question they are trying to
answer (Anonymous, 2008).
According to Philippine National Agency, (2016), Dumaguete City, Negros
Oriental — Sr. Supt. Harris Fama, the acting provincial Philippine National Police
(PNP) director of Negros Oriental, has directed town police chiefs in the province to
strictly implement existing local ordinances imposing curfew hours.
Fama said 10 of the 25 towns and cities in Negros Oriental, however, still do not
have curfew ordinances. These are the municipalities of Amlan, Ayungon, Basay,
Jimalalud, La Libertad, Mabinay, Pamplona, San Jose, Tayasan, and Vallehermoso.
Dumaguete City, the provincial capital, along with the cities of Tanjay, Bais,
Canlaon, Guihulngan and Bayawan, and the municipalities of Sibulan, Manjuyod,
Bindoy, Valencia, Bacong, Dauin, Zamboanguita, Siaton and Sta. Catalina have
existing ordinances that impose curfew hours for minors. In Dauin town, one minor
Tuesday evening was apprehended for violation of the curfew ordinance but was
properly turned over to his parents, said Dauin police chief, Sr. Insp. Edwin Tuble.
Over in Bais City, joint personnel from the city police, the local government’s Civil
Security Office and the City Social Welfare and Development Office (CSWDO)
apprehended six minors of varied ages for “loitering and roaming around the city.”
According to Balangan C. (2011), the Local Government Unit (LGU) has
conducted information drives during the first days of the implementation of the

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curfew for minors ordinance prior to its amendment in 2008. Mr. Teofilo Langgato of
the Legal Service Office of the municipal government said that mass information
drive included attending barangay assemblies whenever invited to announce or
remind the community regarding ordinances such as the curfew for minors. Another
key informant said that they did information dissemination regarding the ordinance
through informing mainly the parents who attended the general assembly and the
parents of the violators. Thus, the parents’ participation was solicited.
According to Gatab (2009), the ordinance was announced or broadcasted in
the radio through Public Service Announcement (PSA) during the first days of its
implementation prior to its amendment, as stated by Langgato. These radio stations
were Bombo Radyo and DZWT. that the use of IEC materials especially the use of
media combinations like radio and television is one of the communication strategies
in monitoring and implementing public safety.
According to Lagsa, B. (2016), CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY, Philippines – As
the city government implements a curfew for minors aged 15 and below, the local
social welfare office has sought the help of theDepartment of Interior and Local
Government (DILG) to order all barangay officials to enforce the ordinance. "Now
that President-elect Rodrigo Duterte has announced the nationwide curfew, we
would like the DILG to put teeth into the law and put the barangay officials to act
and implement it,” said City Social Welfare Officer Teddy Sabuga-a. Sabuga-a said
the city will now fully implement the curfew and has released guidelines to coincide
with the opening of classes in June, though barangay-level implementation has

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been difficult. Sabuga-a said this is because "for some barangay officials, curfew is
not part of their advocacy." He said the curfew’s objectives are to strengthen
responsibility among parents over their children as a basic obligation and to
strengthen "advocacy in protecting children at risk from becoming children in conflict
with the law, thereby curtailing incidence of crimes committed by children in
partnership with various stakeholders."
Related Studies
Foreign
In the study of Roberts, T. (2016), many people have jokingly said that
nothing good can happen at such and such an hour of the morning. Ironically, in
many cases that statement is very true. That is why it is so important to give your
child a curfew. By giving this curfew you set up a boundary, set your child up for
accountability and communicate that your child still reports to you even in this area.
It is amazing how many parents either do not give their child a curfew or an
unbelievably late curfew. We need to remember that we are to set our child up for
success and not failure. Start small. Give an early curfew in the beginning so that as
your child is successful at meeting the curfew you can make it later. Also keep in
mind that the state has given most teenage drivers a curfew already. Another
benefit for a curfew is that you can wait up to meet your child. You must be able to
do this to help hold your child accountable. This is also a great time to open the
doors of communication. As they are coming off the emotion of the date you can be

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there to debrief them. This can really help to set you up as the go to person when
they need help or have questions in their relationships.
In the study of Welsh, J.(2010), there are many words or phrases that teens
dread hearing from their parents; one of these words is “curfew.” Many teens see
the adolescent years as a time to break away from their family and parents, and
experience more freedom in certain aspects of their lives. Having a curfew seems
unfair and unreasonable, but what many teens fail to realize is that curfews are
actually beneficial to their overall well-being. Curfews have many advantages that
teenagers might not realize; these advantages include staying out of trouble, better
time management, less sleep deprivation, and increased focus in school. When
following curfews, teens tend to stay out of trouble more because criminal activity or
high-risk behavior is more likely to occur later in the evening when parental
supervision is not present. Curfews help teens to become used to setting a
schedule which they routinely follow, and become able to develop important time
management skills which they will carry out into adulthood. Being able to manage
time effectively is useful in a variety of situations including school, work, and
personal relationships. Setting curfews also help teens to be able to get to sleep at
a decent time, which leads to subsequent focus and wakefulness in school, this
could ultimately even lead to better grades.
It is important to note when exceptions to curfews should be acceptable.
Ultimately, curfews are reasonable guidelines and should be followed. It is
important to maintain respect for your parents and the rules they set throughout

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your adolescent years. While it may seem unfair or unreasonable at the time, you
will eventually realize how beneficial such rules were and will thank your parents for
looking out for your well-being. So next time you are heading out the door in the
evening and your parents remind you of your curfew, instead of rolling your eyes,
shrugging your shoulders, or complaining, recognize that they are looking out for
you and thank them.
As what cited in a related studies published in Coral Lifestyle, (2016),
curfews are designed to ensure your teenagers are safe and free from harm and
trouble, it also helps curtail juvenile deliquesce. Often times, most teenagers rebel
against curfews because they feel they are matured enough to make decisions of
their own. It is important in such situations to sit your teenager down and explain the
importance of curfews, its benefits and obedience to rules and regulations. It is sad
when teenagers are seen loitering around at odd hours of the night, in some cases
they may be tagged as useless children, prostitutes, thieves and as the case may
be. They can even be held responsible for crimes they did not commit because they
are seen outside their homes at such ungodly hours. Curfews are important
because it makes your child become accountable.
Local
As noted in the study of Mercado (1986), full awareness by the government
agency personnel is necessary in all development aspects, particularly agriculture,
mining and manufacturing, city linkages, tourism, structural changes, housing, and
infrastructure and utilities.

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In the study of Ramos (2007), the findings states that 36.36% of her
respondents answered that they do not have problems in the communication
process; however 36.36% also said that the program lacks printed materials. Only
27.27% said that there is poor dissemination of information because other farmers
are too busy at their farms and do not have time to relate with other farmers.
In the study of Calisaan (2008) also revealed that inadequate materials to
disseminate and produce IEC materials was the major problem of the beneficiaries
in terms of the use of IEC materials, some of the farmer respondents also said that
the materials are poorly prepared, and few said that it lacks coordination to
distribute the produced materials.
Another study by Aragon (2009) showed that enforcing group encountered
problem such as lack of discipline of the community and lack of cooperation among
the community members.
In the study of Domingo (2008) stated that the lack of funds for continuous
publication using media, lack of oversight committee to come up with strategies and
effective means of disseminating ordinances, loss of copies posted and non-receipt
of copies by concerned parties were also problems in the dissemination of
ordinances in the community.
In the study of Ramos (2007) showed that lack of funds to finance program,
poor cooperation of participants and lack of personnel to properly monitor the
beneficiaries were the problems in communicating the ordinance.

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In the study of Balangen, C. (2011), the Sangguniang Bayan of La Trinidad
on March 4, 2008 amended section 15 of Ordinance No. 1-2003 or the Curfew for
Minors under the Children Welfare Code changing mainly the time schedule and the
penalties which then now referred to as the Ordinance No. 2- 2008. Section 15 of
Ordinance No.2 of 2008 states that “No person below eighteen years old shall loiter
in the streets or public places between Seven O’clock in the evening (7:00 pm) to
Five O’clock in the morning(5:00 am), except those returning to or going out of their
houses or schools for legitimate purposes or unless they are in company with their
parents and guardians.
In the study of Mercado, (2009), minors who shall be caught will be referred
to the Municipal Social Welfare and Development Office (MSWDO) for guidance
and counseling, safekeeping for the night, and disposition in accordance to the
provisions of RA 9344. The said ordinance is a revised edition of Ordinance no.1-
2003, section 15 which states that “No person below eighteen years shall loiter in
the streets or public places between 10:30. PM to 3:00 AM except those returning to
or going out of their houses or schools for legitimate purpose or unless they are in
company with their parents.
Furthermore, according to La Trinidad vice mayor Romeo Salda Sr., the
ordinance was revised to match with Baguio City who earlier revised the same
ordinance in their locality. Reports said the senior citizens federation asked
municipalities in Benguet to strictly impose the curfew for minors, in order to shun
them away from committing or becoming victims of crimes.

24
In the study of Ramos (2007) found out that the problems encountered by the
implementors are the lack of funds to finance the program, the lack of interest or
time of the participants, poor cooperation of the participant, and the lack of
personnel to properly monitor the beneficiaries.
In the study of Gatab (2008) where results showed that all respondents’
sources of information on formulated ordinances were acquired information from
relatives and friends.
Synthesis
In view of the aforementioned related literatures and related studies in
foreign and local contexts, this study has been substantiated with relevant
literatures and studies to show some proofs, pieces of information and details that
the study is centered on implementation of curfew hours in a certain community or
locale. With the contexts presented, related literatures and studies significantly
show impact to the researchers and for the future readers of this study. Meanwhile,
related literatures and studies contribute framework towards the focus of the study
that the researchers have been acquired and used them to support and substantiate
the conduct of research as well as the findings of the study. It is also noted in the
related literatures and studies that the active participation and involvement of the
local and city officials, of local residents and of information strategies paved the way
for effective implementation and dissemination of information on Curfew Hours in a
certain locale. It is therefore essential that these literatures and studies presented in

25
details will be helpful in the success of this study to come up with effective
implementation of Curfew Hours in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur.

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Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter includes the research design, research locale, research
respondents, instrumentation, data gathering procedure and statistical treatment.
RESEARCH DESIGN
This study used quantitative research design. Moreover, questionnaires of
this research in determining and identifying the huge impact and outcomes with
respect to the implementation of curfew hours in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City,
Surigao del Sur were randomly distributed to the 150 local respondents and were
retrieved, tabulated and interpreted.
RESEARCH LOCALE
This study was actually conducted in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City,
Surigao del Sur.

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RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY
The respondents of this study were the 150 local residents of Bag-ong
Lungsod, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur.
RESEARCH RESPONDENTS
The researchers have chosen randomly 150 local residents of Bag-ong
Lungsod, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur to be interviewed and to answer the
questionnaire.
INSTRUMENTATION
The instrument used in gathering data was a checklist distributed to the
selected 150 local of Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur in response
to the study entitled “ Implementation of Curfew Hours in Bag-ong Lungsod,
Tandag City. Thus, the questionnaire is focused on the demographic profile, level of
awareness, information strategies and reasons and outcomes/feedbacks of the
implementation.
DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE
A letter of request asking permission to conduct the study was sent to the
Office of the Dean of College of Arts and Sciences of Surigao del Sur State
University-Main Campus which allowed the student researchers to determine and
identify identifying the huge impact and outcomes with respect to the
implementation of curfew hours in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur.
After the approval was secured, the questionnaires were actually distributed to the
selected 150 local residents and were retrieved, tabulated and interpreted.

28
STATISTICAL TREATMENT
The respondent’s answers were tallied and organized according to the
criteria specified in the questionnaire. The statistical tools were following, to wit:
Frequency and Percentage Distribution: In analyzing and interpreting the
data gathered from the respondents. Furthermore, the frequency distribution is used
to describe the distribution and proportion of the data covering the personal profile
of the respondents. The distribution was presented as relative frequencies. Also, the
percent determined the equivalent of frequency in term of hundred.
Weighted Mean: This will be used to determine the responses of the local
residents with respect to their level of awareness on implementation of Curfew
Hours in Bag-ong Lungsod, Tandag City, Surigao del Sur.
Scale Range of Mean Verbal Description
1.0-1.66 Less Aware
1.67-2.33 Aware
2.34-3.0 Very Aware

Chapter 1- 3

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Chapter 1- 3