Essay On Herpes

Essay On Herpes
Herpes What are herpes?Herpes is a very common infection. It is caused by two different but closely
related viruses. The viruses are herpes simplex virus type 1 and herpes simplex virus type 2. Both
are easy to catch. They remain in the body for life and can produce symptoms that come and
go.Both forms of herpes can infect the oral area, the genital area, or both. When the infection is on
or near the mouth, it is called oral herpes. Oral herpes is caused most often by. When a herpes
infection is on or near the sex organs, it is called genital herpes. Genital herpes is caused most often
by. More than half of American adults have oral herpes. And about 1 out of 6 American adults have
genital herpes. Millions of people do not know they have herpes because they never had, or noticed,
the herpes symptoms. What are the symptoms of herpes?When a person has oral herpes, "cold
sores" or "fever blisters" can show up on the lips or around the mouth. These sores may also show
up inside the mouth, but this usually only happens the first time oral herpes symptoms appear.
Symptoms may last a few weeks and go away. They may return in weeks, months, or years. They
are annoying but usually harmless in children and adults. But cold sores can be very harmful to a
newborn. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If you have herpes, you can take certain medications to help manage the infection. Using herpes
treatments is usually very effective in speeding up the healing of sores and preventing them from
returning frequently.Warm baths may give some pain relief. Cotton clothes will help prevent
chafing. Keep the sores dry, moisture can slow healing. Holding cool compresses or ice packs to the
sores may be soothing. Pain relievers such as aspirin, acetaminophen, or ibuprofen may help relieve
discomfort and fever.Although herpes treatment is helpful, there is no cure. However, in most cases
outbreaks become fewer and weaker over the course of a few
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Herpes Virus : Herpes Simplex Virus
The herpes simplex virus, HSV for short, is a double–stranded DNA virus with an enveloped,
icosahedral capsid. It is an infection of the skin and mucous membranes. According to the ancient
Greeks, herpes means to "creep or crawl". It is named herpes because the virus creeps onto the skin
from under the surface. It presents itself as fluid–filled blisters. Humans are the only primate species
known to be infected with the distinct herpes simplex viruses. There are two types of the herpes
simplex virus.
The first one is called herpes simplex virus I, HSV I and the second is herpes simplex virus II, HSV
II. Both of these viruses cause herpes (blisters/sores) to appear in the oral or genital area. "HSV
originated approximately 1.6 million years ago according to studies done at the University of
California San Diego" (Health.UCSD.edu, 2014). The genetics of humans and primate herpes
viruses were looked at because of their similarities. The studies show that the herpes virus began in
ancient chimpanzees. Scientists believe that modern humans are the adaptation of these primates
such as the chimpanzees and apes. After investigation of the herpes simplex virus in the
chimpanzees, studies show that HSV I has been around far longer than HSV II has.
HSV I is more common than HSV II, although more and more people are contracting the HSV II
virus because of non–safe sex practices and people not knowing that they have the virus. HSV I is
the oral–facial herpes that appear in the lips and

Essay on Genital Herpes Facts
Genital Herpes Facts
The Sexually Transmitted Disease Genital herpes (to creep) is very common in most Americans
especially adolescents. Genital herpes is transmitted through sexual contact and other physical
contact with an infected person. Herpes is a viral infection caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus.
Once a person is infected with the virus it stays in their body for life. Once you have contracted this
virus it is easy to pass it on to someone else even if the virus is not active. The virus remains in
certain nerve cells of the body forever, which can produce symptoms on and off in infected
individuals. Herpes is spread through direct contact. A Genital Herpes infection will stay in ... Show
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There are so many people who are uneducated about genital herpes; it's more common than known.
There are at least 45 million people infected by this virus and many are as young as 12 years of age.
Studies show that 1 out of 5 adolescents/adults are infected with the Herpes Simplex Virus. 1 out of
4 women are infected with genital herpes. This virus is more common in women than in men likely
because of the male –to–female transmission.
Genital herpes can be passed through skin–to–skin contact. Once a person has contracted the virus it
is fairly easy to pass it along to someone else through various ways. The number one way is by
having sex with someone who is shedding the herpes virus either during an outbreak (As pertains to
genital herpes, the virus becomes active and produces visible symptoms, such as redness and sores)
or during a period with no symptoms. Kissing someone with herpes on the mouth, through casual,
oral, anal, and vaginal sex as well as skin–to–skin contact with the infected area. Objects such as
toilet seats, public seating, and hot tubs rarely spread the virus.
The signs and symptoms of genital herpes are different with each person who has the virus. Some
people with genital herpes mistake their symptoms for simple skin irritations such as razor burn,
jock itch, or even a yeast infection. People often assume that because the symptoms may

Essay on Overview of the Herpes Virus
Herpes. Herpes, a word that all of us know, something that gets made fun of by the raunchiest of
comedians, a suggestion of a loose life style, a complex virus that was only recently seen as
something to be feared since the early 1970's for a target of money for pharmaceutical companies.
Yet as common to be referenced by Shakespeare in Romeo and Juliet, and is a virus that is known
worldwide, and almost every one has experienced in one–way or another.
According to Medline Plus, the herpes simplex virus, also known as HSV, causes the infection
known as Herpes. There are two types of HSV; there is Oral herpes that causes cold sores around the
mouth or face and Oral herpes, or HSV 1, usually causes cold sores, however it is quite easy to ...
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HHV 7 is related to HHV 6 and is so common that most humans have been infected at some point
and that is usually early in life. Since HHV 7 is so close to HHV 6, HHV 7 can also cause roseola,
however it is not clear if or what other clinical effects that this particular virus can cause. Finally
HHV 8 is a recent finding that was discovered in the tumors called Kaposi's Sarcoma, and is found
in individuals with AIDS and is otherwise quite rare.
The reason why it is important to list all the different types of herpes viruses is to give an idea of
how common this virus is in humans. Herpes was even referenced in Shakespeare's Romeo and
Juliet, in his Queen Mab scene; quote, "O'er ladies lips, who straight on kisses dream, Which oft the
angry Mab with blisters plagues, because their breaths with sweetmeats tainted are." Some of the
herpes viruses are quiet common. Mono for example, according to Human Diseases and Conditions,
"By the time they are 40, as many as 95 percent of adults in the United States have evidence in their
blood of a previous EBV infection." In fact any one who has had the chicken pox has the herpes
virus already inside him or herself. HSV 1, infection is actually quite common worldwide. HSV 1 is
the main cause of infection on the mouth and lips, and this includes fever blisters and cold sores, as
many as 90% of

The Effects Of Female Genital Mutilation
The phrase "female genital mutilation," the practice of removing portions of Females' it was in fact,
the repetition of a "social ritual" which occurs on a yearly basis to millions of women, girls, and
infants. The history of FGM is not well known, but the practice dated back at least 2000 years. It is
not known when or where the tradition of Female Genital Mutilation originated from. It was
believed that it was practiced in ancient Egypt as a sign of distinction amongst the aristocracy.What
common patterns/effects arise from the impact of the practice of female Genital Mutilation?
Common effects/patterns that arise from the practice of FGM is the effects of physical, and
emotional health, and its impact on the women who have been through ... Show more content on
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According to the article THE IMPACT OF FGM it states ¨According to the WHO, women who have
experienced the most extreme form of FGC (infibulation) are 70% more likely to experience post–
partum hemorrhage, and 30% more likely to require a caesarean section.".The women who have
been through FGM experienced an increased risk of childbirth complications. Also, according to the
article THE IMPACT OF FGM it states that "The knock–on effects of leaving school at a young age
are well–documented and include earning less, and having less control and agency over life choices
including marriage, pregnancy, and family planning.". The woman who has been through FGM had
to leave school at an early age and as they miss the opportunity of education they have less control
over their lives because women with no education cannot make living so they will have to marry at a
young age. To summarize FGM impacted a lot of women (girls) lives and I believe that because of
FGM there are women whose lives have been ruined because they had to undergo it at a young age
or were forced to

Herpes Simplex
Introduction
The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a viral infection, which is responsible for causing herpes. Herpes
occurs on various body parts including the mouth and the genitals. The herpes simplex virus has two
strains, which include the HSV type 1 and HSV type 2. HSV 1 is responsible cold sores in most
cases but it can also cause genital infections while HSV 2 is responsible for genital herpes but it can
also cause infections on areas around the mouth (Kolb, Larsen, Cuellar & Brandt, 2015). While oral
herpes is not sexually transmitted, genital herpes can only be transmitted sexually and it affects
areas around the genitals, anus and the buttocks. On the other hand, oral herpes affects areas around
the eyes, the mouth, the entire face and other parts of the body. The virus is considered dangerous
for newborn and young babies as well as for people who have weak immune systems (Wald,
Bernstein, Fife, Lee, Tyring & Van Wagoner, 2013).
One of the main reasons why this topic was selected is that the infections caused by the virus are
considerably common with some people having outbreaks several times a year. The risks of
infection depend on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Most vaccines trials have focused on designing a product that can stimulate the production of
neutralizing antibodies against the herpes virus (Johnston, Gottlieb & Wald, 2016). A virus causes
herpes and this means that there is no known cure against the infections. Therefore, medical
researchers have mainly focused on developing a vaccine against the virus. One of the most notable
vaccines against the infection is delta–gD–2, which was developed at the Albert Einstein College of
Medicine of Yeshiva University. This vaccine aims at deleting the gene, which is responsible for the
gD–2 protein (Johnston et al, 2016). The virus uses the gD–2 protein to infect humans and thereby
cause the herpes

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) And Herpes Simplex Virus
In present day society, a silent pandemic affects countless humans. These diseases are known as
sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). STDs typically spread without warning and once the diseases
are contracted, it is impossible to eliminate even with assistance from advance modern medicine. In
particular, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) are notorious for
their capability to end a person's way of life. These viral maladies are noted for their differences
concerning methods of transmission in the body, distinct lack of prominent symptoms, and
dissimilar treatments used on patients to ease the symptoms. HIV and HSV are both classified as
sexually transmitted diseases, yet they are inherently different at the molecular level, thus requiring
different methods of transmission through the body. For instance, HSV is a double stranded DNA
(dsDNA) virus. The herpes virus attacks the stratified squamous epithelium, the thin layer of tissue,
of the mouth, vagina, and the rectum. In order to infect more epithelial cells, HSV deceives the host
cell into reproducing the proteins and viral DNA necessary for the HSV to replicate more of itself.
Lastly, the virus recedes to the nerve cells where the virus becomes latent until it is reactivated
causing more outbreaks ("Herpesvirus Infections" 520). HIV, on the other hand, is a single stranded
RNA retrovirus. HIV attacks the immune cells (helper T lymphocytes) and macrophages–functions
to rid harmful substances

Herpes Simplex Virus
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection at the Molecular Level
Research Paper
Virology
24 November 2008
Abstract Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV–1) infection is widespread and causes significant
disease in humans. The structure, epidemiology, pathogensis and immune response are examined in
this review, as well as specific ways to reduce and eliminate pathology and related diseases. The
virus naturally infects mucosal areas and begins the search for its target host cell. Upon binding to
the host cell membrane via teams of glycoproteins, the virion is then phagocytosed. Soon the
nucleus is seized and all regular host cell mechanisms are shut off. Replication of HSV–1 is specific
encoding immediate early, early and late genes. Once the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Covalently linked L (long) and S (short) components are broken down into unique long (Ul),
flanked by ab and b'a' repeated segments, and unique short (Us), flanked by ac and c'a' repeated
segments. Homologous recombination between terminal repeats results in four linear isomers at
equimolar concentrations (see figure 1). All four isomers, including P (prototype), IL (inversion of
the L component), IS (inversion of the S component) and ISL (inversion of both the S and the L
component), encode 90 unique transcription genes essential for viral replication (3).
HSV Replication Infection is first initialted by the attachment to the host cell glucosaminoglycans,
usually heparin sulphate and chondroiton sulphate, with viral glycoprotein C (gC). This bond results
in at least five glycoprtoeins, gB, gC, gD, gH and gL, binding to other cell surface receptors, such as
Herpesvirus entry mediator or nectin 1α or β (4). Fusion of the viral envelope follows, and the de–
enveloped tegument capsid is transported to the nuclear pores via the microtubular network, where
DNA is released into the nucleus. Nuclear pore complex accepts the viral DNA from the capsid,
minimizing the diffusion of DNA to the cytoplasm, and the transfer is completed by nuclear pore
proteins (5). The viral genome circularizes upon entering the nucleus, and transcription of the five
immediate early genes (IE) is done by the host RNA polymerase II. Among the IE genes are ICP0,
ICP4, ICP22,

Herpes Simplex Virus: A Case Study
CC Brooke is a 31–year–old female here today to discuss her recent diagnosis of a DVT as well as
to discuss her herpes outbreaks. HPI The patient was recently diagnosed with herpes in February of
2015, after having a genital ulceration. A culture was done on February 11th and it was positive for
herpes simplex virus type I. She has been using it valacyclovir 500 mg twice daily for three days
with each outbreak that she has had. She says that for the most part she was having an outbreak
about every other month. When she gets them, she does have a little bit of a prodrome and has been
able to take the Valtrex when she starts to feel those symptoms. However, she will still have about
three days of being very uncomfortable. More recently, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
No masses or discomfort. Extremities There is no lower extremity swelling. There is perhaps just
some fullness to the left calf, though no tenderness, no obvious sign of mass and she reports that her
swelling is significantly better than previous. I did review with the patient the notes from Dr.
McLaughlin, as well as that note from Dr. Dourdourfis. I did not have, but was able to retrieve, the
ultrasound report dated May 20th and reviewed that with her in the office as well. A/P Brooke is a
31–year–old female here today for discussion of two issues. Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis in
the left lower extremity. She seems to be doing well with her Xarelto and has had no further
problems. She will continue with that per Dr. Dourdoufis's recommendation. I did talk with her
about further investigation into hypercoagulable workup. I did give her referral to see hematology
and she will schedule that at her earliest convenience and if she has new issues or problems in the
meantime, she will update me. She will continue with the Depo–Provera for now. She is considering
possibly changing to an IUD with Dr. McLaughlin. She was see how she does with the Depo thus

Herpes Simplex Research Paper
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 is an infectious virus commonly referred to as "Cold Sores." As a virus it
has to replicate inside one of its hosts cells because it is not a living thing and thereby, it cannot live
on its own. Once one is infected with HSV 1 it stays with them for life. Symptoms: Patients may
display small, painful blisters filled with fluid around the lips or edge of the mouth. There may also
be a tingling or burning sensation around the mouth or nose, often this will occur a few days before
blisters appear. At times one may even develop a fever, a sore throat, or even swollen lymph nodes
in one's neck. Mechanism: It is still unclear as to what triggers the virus to occur again, but several
things are thought to rouse the process.

Herpes
Introduction
Herpes is a highly contagious viral infection with a family of eight different types of viruses that
affect the human body. There is herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) or the HHV1, which targets the
facial area with cold sores on the lips. Additionally, there is herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV2) or the
HHV2, which is known to cause a sexually transmitted disease known as genital herpes. Another
one is the varicella–zoster virus (HHV3) which has been linked to chickenpox. Apart from
chickenpox, it is also known to cause shingles– a recurrent skin infection. Another type of herpes is
Epstein–Barr virus (HHV4) which is the causative agent of the 'kissing disease' or mononucleosis.
The 'kissing disease' is contagious and is passed from one person to the other through sharing
utensils, saliva, or sneezing interactions with an infected person. Moreover, there is (HHV5),
officially known as cytomegalovirus (CMV). Apart from the HHV4, it is also thought to cause
mononucleosis. The virus is particularly dangerous for healthy people as it may fail to show any
signs or symptoms. It can be contracted through sexual encounters, and it affects newborns in
addition to causing hepatitis. Not only through sexual contact can CMV be passed on but also by
breast– feeding, blood transfusion, or by an organ transplant. This infection is one of the hardest
complications for people living with AIDS. It may cause a variety of complications blindness,
diarrhea, and even death.
Statistics

Symptoms And Symptoms Of Herpes Viruses
Etiology
To start off my paper, I want to make something clear. There are two types of herpes viruses. HSV–1
is the type that usually causes cold sores or fever blisters around your mouth. HSV–2 is the type that
commonly causes genital herpes. The virus spreads through sexual contact and skin–to–skin contact.
HSV–2 is very common and highly contagious, whether or not you have an open sore (Aurelius, p.
3).
Genital Herpes is more commonly caused by HSV–2 but is known to be caused by HSV–1. Oral
Herpes is known to be caused by both variations of the virus but most commonly by HSV–1.
Symptoms are similar to Genital Herpes and cases of Facial Herpes. For example, lesions on the
cheeks or other area of the face have been recorded, though are a ... Show more content on
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This sexually transmitted disease is more likely to go from men to women, than women to men.
Having multiple sexual partners are raise the risk factors as well. Each sexual partner that is engaged
with raises your risk for being exposed to any sexually transmitted disease.
Modes of Transmission
HSV–1 is usually passed from person to person by kissing, or having contact with and infected
persons sore. HSV–1 can also spread from the mouth to the genitals during oral sex (fellatio,
cunnilingus, analingus). If this happens, the strain can change and become a case of genital herpes.
HSV–2 is most often passed by vaginal sex and anal sex. Although, just as HSV–1 can infect the
genitals and cause genital herpes, HSV–2 can pass from one person 's genitals to another person 's
mouth, resulting in oral herpes (Barnabas, para 3).
HSV–2 cannot survive long on a non–living surface, so there is no real risk of getting it from a
surface. Herpes is most commonly spread by direct skin to skin contact. Unlike a flu virus that you
can get through the air, herpes spreads by direct contact, that is, directly from the site of infection to
the site of contact. For example, if you have a cold sore and kiss someone, you can transfer the virus
to their mouth. Similarly, if you have active genital herpes and have vaginal or anal intercourse, you
can give your partner genital herpes. Finally, if you have

Herpes Type Of Herpes Simplex Virus
Herpes is a highly contagious viral infection with the family of eight different types of virus that
affect the human body. There are (HHV1) which is also known as herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1).
This type target the facial area with cold sores on the lip of the mouth. Also, there is (HHV2) that is
refer to as herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV2) which typically causes genital herpes, a sexually
transmitted infection. Another is (HHV3) that is called varicella–zoster virus. HHV3 causes
chickenpox. It can also cause a recurrent virus infection of the skin, which is called herpes zoster or
shingles. In addition, there is the (HHV4) which is known as the Epstein–Barr virus. It is the major
cause of infectious mononucleosis, or "mono" – the "kissing disease." It is a contagious infection
and is passed on through saliva. Coughing, sneezing, or sharing utensils with an infected individual.
Also, the (HHV5) it is the official name of cytomegalovirus (CMV) which is also the cause of
mononucleosis. People that has a healthy immune system this virus at times does not show any
symptom It can be sexually transmitted, it can cause problems to newborns, and cause hepatitis. Not
only through sexual contact can CMV be passed on but, also by breast– feeding, blood transfusion,
or by organ transplant. This infection is one of the hardest complication on Aid Victims It causes
diarrhea, severe vision impairment including blindness, infections of the stomach and intestines, and
even death. There is

Herpes Simplex Virus : Virus
The herpes simplex virus, HSV for short, is a double–stranded DNA virus with an enveloped,
icosahedral capsid. It is an infection of the skin and mucous membranes (CDC, 2014). According to
the ancient Greeks, herpes means to "creep or crawl". It is named herpes because the virus creeps
onto the skin from under the surface. It presents itself as fluid–filled blisters (AAD, 2014). Humans
are the only primate species known to be infected with the distinct herpes simplex viruses. There are
two types of the herpes simplex virus (Hunt, 2010).
The first one is called herpes simplex virus 1, HSV 1 and the second is herpes simplex virus 2, HSV
2. Both of these viruses cause herpes (blisters/sores) to appear in the oral or genital area (Davis, ...
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In severe cases HSV 1 can spread to other parts of the body such as the eyes, brain and skin (AAD,
2014). HSV 1 is so common that 65% of people in the United States have antibodies of it.
Worldwide 90% people are infected with at least one herpes simplex viruses (Simon, 2010).
According to a study done on viruses at Stanford, it wasn 't until 1893 that it was noticed that the
virus was being spread through human transmission. There was speculation of the virus but it was
not experimentally confirmed until 1919 by Lowenstein. In the 1920 's and 1930 's HSV was heavily
studied and it was found that the virus travels from the skin and makes its way to the nervous system
(Simon, 2010).
The infection process of the herpes simplex virus type 1 is: the virus enters vulnerable cells in the
lower layers of the skin tissues and tries to reproduce in the cell nuclei, if the virus destroys the host
cells when it multiplies inflammation and fluid–filled blisters or ulcers appear (Hunt, 2010).
Herpes simplex virus type 1 is most commonly contracted as a child although anyone can contract
the virus at any age. The first initial contact with the infection is higher between ages 6 months to 3
years old. By age 5, more than 1/3 of children in low income areas are infected opposed to 20% of
children in middle income areas (Ehrlich,

Herpes Essay example
Herpes
Herpes is one of the common of more than 30 different sexually transmitted diseases (STD's) in
America today. Herpes is an infection that is caused by one of two closely related viruses, herpes
simplex virus type 1 (HSV–1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV–2). Both of which are very
easily caught, have similar symptoms, and can occur on different parts of the body. Even though it is
most common to see the virus HSV–1 appear as oral herpes and to see the virus HSV–2 appear as
genital herpes.
Most often herpes is a relatively harmless disease that is rarely life threatening. The most common
form of herpes is oral herpes and usually shows up on the lips or inside of the mouth as "cold sores"
or "fever blisters". ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Very severe outbreaks may have symptoms that include swollen and tender lymph glands in the
groin, throat, or under the arms, and even flu–like feelings such as fever, chills, headache, and a
general run down feeling.
The spread of herpes may be attributed to a variety of activities ranging from touching and kissing
to more intimate activities such as vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse. The time when the virus is most
likely to be spread is when the sores, such as cold sores or fever blisters, are open and weeping,
during this time the virus may be spread from one partner to another or from one part of the body to
another. Although the chance of getting genital herpes from an infected partner whom has no
symptoms are only about 10 out of every hundred or 10 percent. It is unlikely, however, that contact
with toilet seats, moist towels or similar objects spread herpes. The most commonly infected areas
are moist areas of the mouth, anus, vulva, vagina, penis, or the eyes.
Even though herpes in many cases is easily spread between two individuals, it is definitely possible
to prevent the spreading of herpes to others. There are usually early warning signs before a breakout
occurs such as tingling, burning, and itching where sores were before. These warning signs may
start a few hours or even a day before the sores flare up. At first sight of any warning signs, all
sexual contact should be stopped and

Herpes Simplex Virus Essay
Herpes simplex virus is two types HSV–1 and HSV–2. HSV–1 is responsible for orofacial
infections, and HSV–2 is responsible for genital infections. In my perspective, developing HSV–2
vaccine is more important since it is one of the most sexual transmission disease(1), and it can lead
to a chronic infection which increases the risk of HIV infection. It also transmits to neonates during
birth, and most cases are asymptomatic. The lecture for this week mentions the most recent clinical
trials for therapeutic and prophylactic vaccines against HSV–2 and to get antibodies response. The
platforms were inactivated or subunit vaccines with adjuvants. Furthermore, the lecture states new
Approaches that improve HSV vaccines. In my opinion, the most effective vaccine and immunity
should ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This vaccine was able to reduce genital disease and shedding in animals(1). Besides, Three
therapeutic vaccines, one of them is a subunit vaccine, and two are DNA vaccine(1). Most of these
vaccines contain gD2(1). HSV depends on gD in spreading from cell to cell(2). Moreover, our paper
discussing showed that a trivalent vaccine was used with alum. The result was a great immunity, but
it did not induce CD8 T cells. Thus, I believe replication defective HSV is the most effective vaccine
since it mimics the natural infection. I think replication–defective HSV with booster vaccines would
induce a strong immunity. I also would consider a subunit vaccine and would include an adjuvant
which would elicit CD8 T cells response. It is interesting to note that in the trivalent vaccine, the
plasma antibodies neutralized both HSV–1 and HSV–2, and the plasma antibodies neutralized both
seronegative and seropositive of HSV–2(3). Therefore, this kind of vaccine gave a production for
both subtypes. CD8 T cells response issue can overcome by epitope identification to identify which
epitopes elicit CD8 T cells

Essay about Herpes
The herpes virus is one of the most prevalent viral diseases known to man. As much as eighty
percent of all people, worldwide, have herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), and twenty percent have
herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2). This may sound like scary statistics, but most infected people
suffer only mild discomfort. The more common form, HSV1, usually causes the occasional blister–
like sores on or around the mouth. These blisters are called cold sores or fever blisters and, as most
sufferers know, they are annoying and mildly painful but rarely dangerous. If the sores are left alone,
they will generally heal up in five to twenty days. The less common version, HSV2, has the same
symptoms except that the sores are usually found on or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some viruses also have an outer bag of lipo–protein called an envelope. After a virus attaches to a
living cell, it either enters the cell to release the genetic information, or, the virus injects the
information through the cells outer lining. Thus changing the cells natural functions and forcing the
cell to spend its energy to create copies of the virus. The cell will go on making copies of the virus
until the cell is used up and dies. The virus then leaves the dead cell and invades a nearby cell and
the process starts all over. There are five types of human herpes virus: Varicella zoster which causes
chickenpox, Epstein Barr virus which causes infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus which can
cause cytomegalic inclusion disease in infants, and herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2.
Herpes Simplex Viruses 1 and 2 Oates states that "the herpes virus [HSV1 & 2] is a roughly rounded
particle, with its protein coat made up of a large number of hollow protein units. The whole is
surrounded by a loose, 'baggy' envelope and measures about 100 nanometers ... "(p. 22). The herpes
virus is transferred through body–to–body contact, most commonly when sores are present.
However, the virus can be spread when there are no signs or symptoms of an outbreak. HSV usually
infects the mucous membranes around the mouth or genital areas, but sores can form anywhere on
the body. Once inside a living cell HSV takes over and the cell

Genital Herpes : Sexually Transmitted Infections
Genital Herpes
Genital herpes is ne of the most a sexually transmitted infection that can cause lesions or sores
around the genital area. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), also called sexually transmitted
infections (STIs) are among the most common infectious diseases in the United States today.
(STDs), was also known as Venereal Diseases (VD) named after "Venus, the Roman goodness of
love" (Sutton, p. 15). (STDs) are infections that can be spread from one person to another through
sexual contact. It is essential to note that sexual contact involves more than vaginal or anal
intercourse. Sexual contact also includes kissing, oral–genital, or oral–anal contact. In the past,
people recognized only two major STDs, syphilis and gonorrhea, but today there are many known
diseases that can be transmitted sexually. Among all, genital herpes pose serious threats to public
health in the United States. It affects young people, and increased vulnerability to other diseases,
and even threatening their lives (Sutton, p. 15). The purpose of this paper is to explore about genital
herpes and find out if there are some control measures to reduce the risk of STDs, and related
complications. Health issue
Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted disease that affects men and women. It is spread
after having sexual contact with infected individual whether by oral, anal, and vaginal contact (Gale
Encyclopedia, 2013). In some cases, some people with

The Effects Of Viral Encephalitis On The Disease
The disease I have chosen to explore is viral encephalitis. Encephalitis refers to brain inflammation
(PDR, 2014, Diagnosis), which is rare but can be extremely dangerous (Mayo, 2014, Basics;
University of Maryland, 2013, Introduction). Severe cases of encephalitis can lead to permanent
damage and death (Mayo, 2014, Complications). Encephalitis can also be caused by bacteria and
fungi, or develop as a result of a non–infectious cause, but encephalitis is usually caused by a virus
(Mayo, 2014, Causes; PDR, 2014, Basics). Symptoms of encephalitis usually begin between 2 and
14 days from the time of infection (University of Maryland, 2013, Symptoms), though it can be
months before symptoms begin, such as is sometimes the case with the ... Show more content on
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Encephalitis infections typically last between 1 and 3 weeks (PDR, Treatment). However, depending
on severity of the infection and the virus that caused it, recovery can last months and some level of
impairment may be permanent, such as paralysis or exhaustion (Mayo, 2014, Complications; PDR,
2014, Treatment). It is also possible for those who have had viral encephalitis to experience seizures
later in life, particularly those who had seizures during the initial infection (Gondim, 2013,
Prognosis). Certain types of viral encephalitis will cause death up to 70 percent of the time, if not
treated early (Gondim, 2013, Prognosis; PDR, 2014, Treatment). Viral encephalitis can either be a
primary infection, with the virus directly affecting the brain (Mayo, 2014, Causes; PDR, 2014,
Diagnosis), or a secondary infection, caused by the immune system attacking the brain as well as the
originally affected tissues (Mayo, 2014, Causes). Secondary viral encephalitis usually takes place a
couple of weeks after the original infection (Mayo, 2014, Causes). The viruses that cause
encephalitis can be spread in a number of ways, depending on the particular virus. The most
common ways are insect bites and person–to–person contact (University of Maryland, 2013,
Causes). In the case of insect bites, the insect originally got the virus as a result of biting an infected
animal, which then multiplied in the insect

Encephalitis Essay
Encephalitis Encephalitis is a condition caused by viruses which cause the brain to become
inflamed. There are two types of encephalitis one is called primary because the viruses affect the
brain itself. Secondary is the viruses travel from some other part of the body that has been affect to
the brain. When the virus reaches the brain it begins to multiply causing inflammation. The brain's
white matter can be destroyed. This destruction causes cell death, hemorrhage and edema. The
edema begins to compress the blood vessels this causes intracranial pressure (Mayo Clinic, 2011).
Some of the viruses that cause encephalitis are arboviruses, cytomegalovirus, poliovirus, herpes
zoster, and herpes simplex type 1. West Nile virus has been a big ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The signs and symptoms of encephalitis are really dependent on how severe the disease has become.
Mild symptoms are very similar to the flu. If the person even has symptoms at all. Some people
never have any signs of encephalitis. Symptoms could include headache, nausea, vomiting, fever,
joint pain, and lethargy. The severe infections symptoms could cause confusion, hallucinations,
personality changes, seizures, loss of sensation, LOC, rash, and tremors. If the any adult or child is
experiencing these symptoms they should seek medical attention immediately. (Mayo Clinic, 2011)
The risk factors associated with encephalitis very and are dependent on different causes and
circumstances. Children and elderly are affected by some types of encephalitis more frequently than
others. If a person's immune system is not working well they have a higher risk of contracting
encephalitis and the body will have a harder time fighting off the viruses. Mosquitos can play a big
part in transmitting viruses that can cause encephalitis and the risk of living in an area where
mosquito–borne viruses are more prevalent can increase the risk of encephalitis. People seem to
really like the outdoors and activities like jogging, gardening, fishing, and camping can increase
your chances in contracting a virus that

Symptoms And Symptoms Of Shingles
Shingles is a viral infection, caused by the Varicella–Zoster virus. This is the same virus that affects
you when you have chicken pox. Varicella–Zoster is not the same virus that causes cold sores or
genital herpes, this would be the HSV1, or HSV2 (herpes simplex virus.) HSV1 is associated with
cold sores, HSV2 is associated with genital herpes. However, once you have had chicken pox, the
virus lays dormant, so later in life the virus can become active. Activated later in life the virus
becomes shingles. This virus lays dormant in the nerve tissue close to the brain and spinal cord.
Once the virus is activated, it is a very painful virus, that takes weeks or months for the virus to run
it's course.
The symptoms of shingles start occurring before it can be seen on the skin. The nerves are where the
virus is activated, thus the nerves are affected first. Symptoms of numbness and burning, along with
pain, along the nerves affected. You have a fever, feel fatigued and have a high sensitivity to touch.
You may suffer from headaches and sensitivity to light. The itching can become quite intense. A rash
develops after two or three days. The real pain sets in when the rash becomes fluid filled sacs, that
will eventually break open and crust over. The rash and fluid filled sacs will follow a nerve pathway,
usually on one side of the trunk.
My personal experience with shingles was one of intense pain and agony. Shingles can occur with
children and more commonly the elderly. My

Herpes Simplex Virus Research Paper
Herpes Simplex Virus(HSV) was identified as a highly attractive candidate for oncolytic virotherapy
due to several reasons including the naturally cytolytic life cycle of HSV and the ability to infect a
broad range cell type, a highly prevalent human pathogen which in vast majority of cases causes a
self–limiting disease that can be treated with antivirals in life threatening cases and so on. The initial
focus of oncolytic HSV (oHSV) virotherapy involved demonstrating the safety of oHSVs for the
treatment of cancer. Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer. It accounts for a large
proportion of skin–related deaths. Among all cancer types, melanoma has a particularly high
propensity to metastasize to the brain, occurring in >50% of all patients with advanced disease.
Current therapeutic options of chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation have very limited efficacy for
patients with melanoma brain metastasis. These patients either have multiple metastatic lesions or
diagonistically challenging asymptomatic lesions, making surgery an inadequate therapeutic option
by itself. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To model the progression of metastasis seen in patients and to overcome the hurdles of systemic
delivery of OV, here, melanoma brain metastasis model was developed in immunocompromised and
immunocompetent mice and then the fate and the efficacy of oncolytic herpes simplex virus(oHSV)
armed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were

Genital Herpes Essay
I have infected 45 million Americans and will infect 1 million more Americans each year. Who am
I?
Herpes, from the ancient Greek meaning to creep or crawl, is the name of a family of viruses of
which herpes simplex virus 1 and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV–1 and HSV–2) are the most serious
human pathogens. HSV–1 is normally associated with orofacial infections and encephalitis, whereas
HSV–2 usually causes genital infections and can be transmitted from infected mothers to neonates.
Both viruses establish latent infections in sensory neurons and, upon reactivation, cause lesions at or
near point of entry into the body.
While HSV–1 and HSV–2 are different viruses, under a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These signs can last from two to three weeks. The early symptoms can include an itching or burning
sensation; pain in the legs, buttocks, or genital area; vaginal discharge; or a feeling of pressure in the
abdominal region.
Within a few days, sores (also called lesions) appear at the site of infection. Lesions can also occur
on the cervix in women or in the urinary passage in men. These small red bumps may develop into
blisters or painful open sores. Over a period of days, the sores become crusted and then heal without
scarring. Other symptoms of a first episode of genital herpes can include fever, headache, muscle
aches, painful or difficult urination, vaginal discharge, and swollen glands in the groin area.
Anyone infected with either virus can experience flare–ups. In people who have healthy immune
systems, a herpes flare–up usually lasts a few weeks. In people with compromised immune systems
the herpes sores can last for longer than a month. In a very small number of cases, herpes can spread
to other organs, including the eyes, the throat, the lungs, and the brain.
HSV–1 and HSV–2 look identical under the microscope, and either type can infect the mouth or
genitals. Most commonly, however, HSV–1 occurs above the waist, and HSV–2 occurs below the
waist. Both HSV–1 and HSV–2 live in nerve cells, usually under

Genital Herpes : A Sexually Transmitted Disease ( Std )...
Genital Herpes
Jazzmin A. Joos
Carrington College
Genital Herpes
Genital Herpes is a Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) caused by two types of viruses those
viruses includes: Herpes simplex type 1 and herpes simplex type 2. Herpes simplex type 1 infects
the lips most commonly known as a cold sore. Herpes simplex type 2 is genital Herpes. This
sexually transmitted disease affects one out of every six people. The most common age range for a
person to contract this virus is 14 to 49 years old. It is hard to self diagnose and can lead to greater
susceptibility to HIV.
What are the Signs and symptoms?
Affected people might not have an initial outbreak of symptoms until months or even years after
being infected. For most carriers they will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
How is this diagnosed?
Genital Herpes' symptoms are often mistaken for bladder infections, vaginal yeast infections, and
bacterial infections. However, Genital Herpes is diagnosed with a physical exam, viral culture and
usually confirmed with a blood or swab test.
What can you do to prevent contracting Genital Herpes?
Having vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected participant spreads Genital Herpes with an
infected participant. The fluids contained in a Herpes sore carries the virus. The virus can also be
released through your skin. When someone comes in contact with the sore they can contract the
disease. However, some carriers do not show signs of visible sores. The best way to protect yourself
from any diseases would be to practice abstinence. However, In order to prevent this disease if
you're sexually active you should practice safe sex with safe partners. Use contraceptive protection
such as condoms and be with a partner who has been tested for STD's and has a negative STD test
results. For those infected, if you touch the sores or fluids, immediately wash your hands thoroughly
to help avoid spreading your infection.
What is the treatment/expected outcome?
Herpes is not curable but can be managed. There are medications that are used for Genital Herpes
carriers that prevent or shorten outbreaks and there is one medication that can be taken daily that can
make it less likely to pass on the infection: Acyclovir (Zovirax), Famciclovir,

Essay on Herpes Simplex Virus
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV–1) affects 90% of the world's population, in order to understand
how they can infect so many people we will look at the structure, life cycle, disease, and kinds of
treatment for this virus3. In addition we will overview the epidemiology of the virus.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 is a linear dsDNA virus classified in Baltimore class I. Since it is a
dsDNA virus their genome is about 200 kilobase pairs. The general structure of HSV–1 consists of
an envelope, glycoproteins, icosahedral capsid, and linear dsDNA in the center. The envelope is
covered with viral glycoproteins, gC and gD, that bind to heparin–sulfate receptors on the cell
surface to initiate infection4. Within the envelope is the tegument which ... Show more content on
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Then the pre–initiation complex is form at the TATA box. Then uses cellular DNA–dependent RNA
polymerase mediated transcription at the viral promoter site. During transcription mRNAs are
capped and poly–adenylation by host enzymes. Then mRNAs are transported to the cytoplasm for
translation into early proteins and migrate back to the nucleus, which mediates viral DNA
replication4.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 encodes its own DNA dependent DNA polymerase and proteins that are
needed for DNA replication. These proteins include ssDNA binding proteins, origin binding protein,
and helicase/primase complex4. The first step of DNA replication is the binding of origin binding
protein +ATP to the replication origin in order to denature DNA to open up a replication hole. Then
helicase/primase complex synthesize new HSV–1 genomes and are cleaved forming a rolling circle
intermediate. As rolling circle DNA replication continues to grow a specific sequence will mediate
cleaving which creates and transport the new HSV–1 genomes for packaging in the capsid4.
Late gene transcription occurs when early proteins switch to enhancing late gene transcription and
inhibits early gene transcription. Structural proteins, glycoproteins, and icosahedral capsids are
synthesized and transported to the nucleus4. Assembly of icosahedral capsids and viral proteins
occurs in the nucleus around scaffolding proteins4. Encapsidation occurs

This baby's mother had genital herpes and he soon died a few hours later with organ failure.
Herpes simplex viruses are categorized into two types. Herpes type 1 is known as oral herpes, which
is the most common, and then there's herpes type 2 which is genital herpes. Herpes type 1 may
cause sores in or around the mouth and lips. Herpes type 2 causes sores in or around the genitals or
rectum, usually below the waist.
HSV–2 is usually transmitted by sexual contact or by fluids from sore. It can also be spread through
pregnancy. Neonatal HSV infections are acquired from maternal strains and 75–85% is caused by
HSV–2. Genital herpes increases the transmission of HIV infection. It's more common in low
income areas but it still happens ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
PCR finds the DNA of the HSV virus, and can also tell if it's type 1 or 2.
Some complications are mother–infant transmission and neonatal HSV infection. In a newborn,
herpes can cause organ failure, brain infection, and sometimes even death. If you may have genital
herpes, do not have sexual contact until your test results are back. You can lower the chance of
spreading the disease to your partner. A diagnosis of genital herpes can easily dismissed or delayed
because in most cases there are no symptoms. Symptoms like headache, swollen lymph glands,
fever, chills, and fatigue can mimic symptoms for other viral infections.
The time from exposure to genital herpes until the primary outbreak of infection is generally 2 to 14
days. Most people may not notice their first infection because of lack of symptoms. The entire body
may become affected causing flu–like symptoms. Then blisters soon appear around genitals or anus.
The blisters break within a few days causing painful and oozing sores. The sores usually heal within
3 weeks without treatment and usually don't leave scars. The sores on women usually take longer to
heal than men.
After the primary outbreak there's usually a recurrent outbreak. Normally the recurrent outbreak
sores heal faster and are way less painful. About half of the people who have genital herpes know
the outbreaks are coming usually a couple days or a few hours before it happens. They may have

Herpes, known more as an STD, some might say it could be one of the worse STD a person could
get.However herpes has been around for many years, it is a worldwide virus and one of the oldest
STDs that has been known and been treated. Even though the virus has been around for many years,
it has only been fully understood in the last hundred years. The early discoveries of the herpes virus
was discovered, by Hippocrates, a Greek physician who wrote about the symptoms of the herpes
lesions. The name Herpes comes from the greek word herpein, which means creep and crawl. How
Greeks described how the herpes sores spread. The herpes virus is also known as the herpes simplex
or HSV. Herpes is a disease caused by the virus herpes simplex virus. ... Show more content on
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For that reason the virus spreads any many will never know they have herpes because they will
never get a outbreak but could shed the virus and transmitted to others with knowing they have
herpes. The second type of the herpes is HSV–2 also known as genital herpes, which is classified as
a sexual transmitted diseas. Genital herpes is one of the most common sexual transmitted diseas in
the Unites States. The virus is spread by vaginal or anal contact. Some could also contract the virus
from oral sex if they have a sore or is shedding the virus. although the virus would not be HSV–2 it
would be HSV–1. Many have reported less breakouts than those who have the HSV–2 type in their
genitals. Many would experience little to no symptoms when they are first infected with the virus. If
any symptoms do show up they will appear within few days to couple of weeks, which is call
primary episode the first signs of the herpes infection. Symptoms of herpes virus are usually worse
within the first episode infection. A person could experience more than two blisters or clusters of
blisters. A person may also experience itching and pain around or on the blister as well as a fever or
flu like symptoms. The virus first starts off with blisters then those blisters pop and start crusting or
some just get ulcers that may appear like cuts or cracks in the skin. Symptoms are similar to

Rationale : Adolescents Age 15
Rationale: Adolescents age 15 to 19.
Projected time frame: 6 months.
Short–term impact: Student will gain knowledge about chlamydia, what it is, how it contracted,
prevention methods, and where to go to get tested and treated for chlamydia.
Long–term impact: There will be a decrease in the cases of chlamydia in Butte County
Program Objectives
The program has two objectives which are:
Each adolescent will be able to state what chlamydia is, how chlamydia is contracted, ways to
prevent contracting chlamydia and where to go to get tested and treated for chlamydia, at the end of
the teaching session.
Each adolescent will be able to state why it is important to be tested for chlamydia at the end of the
teaching session.
Description of Program
Prevention is the key to never having to say I have chlamydia program will consist of a 90–minute
class that will be held at each specific location on Thursday, rotating through all the locations two
times, at each location in the Butte County area at 5:00 o'clock. The participants will be recruited
from the community by public health workers, teachers and parents by passing out flyers and
consent papers to be signed by parents throughout Butte County communities. Each meeting will be
led by a nurse who is educated on chlamydia disease, how its contracted and prevention methods.
The nurse will introduce herself and have the participates introduce themselves. The nurse will then
pass out the first questionnaire and explain to

Herpes Simplex Virus ( Hsv )
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the most prevalent human viral infections worldwide. It
belongs to the family Herpesviridae and is composed of linear double–stranded DNA surrounded by
icosahedral capsid (Uyangaa et al., 2014). There are two types of herpes virus, namely HSV type 1
and type 2 (HSV–1 and HSV–2), which are the common cause of oral (cold sores) and genital
herpes. The HSV infection is highly contagious and can be transferred from person to person
through direct close contact. In immunocompromised individuals, HSV infection can lead to even
more devastating diseases such as corneal blindness and encephalitis. The HSV is a successful
pathogen of humans as, following the primary lesions, it establishes a lifelong latent infection in the
sensory neurons (Melchjorsen et al, 2009). The immune response against HSV involves both innate
and adaptive immune mechanisms. They both play pivotal role in mediating the immune responses
and controlling viral pathogenesis. The first line of defence is comprised of components of innate
immunity, such as various cytokines, natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DCs), which all
dispense antiviral activities in eradicating the infection (Wakimoto et al., 2003). The key players of
the adaptive immunity are B and T cells, which generate pathogen–specific immune response and
thus control the spread of infection (Harandi et al., 2001; Kwant–Mitchell et al., 2009). 2. Innate
immunity against HSV infection 2.1. Role of

Meningitis: Herpes Simplex Virus
Meningitis is the inflammation of the membranes (meninges) caused by viral or bacterial infection.
Symptoms of bacterial meningitis include high fever, nausea and vomiting, intense headache,
sensitivity to light and muscular rigidity. In severe cases the symptoms include delirium,
convulsions, and even death.
The two kinds of meningitis are:
Viral Meningitis which is often mild and usually clear up without treatment. Viral meningitis can be
caused by viruses like HIV, West Nile virus, herpes simplex virus, mumps and other similar viruses.
Bacterial Meningitis is a very serious illness and it needs to be taken care of immediately or it could
result in death. The bacteria that cause this condition are meningococci, pneumococci and
haemophilus

Herpes Simplex Virus Lab Report
The first thing to do with a situation like this would be to first find out all the needed information
about the gene you can. The first important thing would be the size of the gene on the chromosome,
because viruses only have a certain amount of DNA/RNA they can hold inside their virus particle.
The gene is found on chromosome 20 and is 15,438 bp in length (NCBI). So, the only type of gene
therapy vector that would be able to carry a gene that large would be the Herpes Simplex Virus.
HSV has a carrying capacity of over 30kb, so this would more than fit the entire length of the gene
in the virus particle. It also is a good fit because after looking up information on PRPc, because it is
a cell–surface copper–binding glycoprotein expressed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This all seem well and good, but there are definitely some potential complications that may occur
along the way of developing this HSV vector. The first complication I can think of is, the vector
must somehow be effectively delivered to the neuron cells in a correct dose to not produce PRPc in
too much excess. The precise function of this protein is not quite known, but it is proposed that it
may have something to do with the uptake of copper into cells in brain tissue; so if this protein is
overexpressed, it could easily have a cytotoxic effect on the brain and you may end up in a worse
state then when you started (GHR). You also need this effective PRP gene to be expressed stably
throughout the lifetime of the host. If the protein is only expressed during certain life phases of the
virus, or very rarely, it will also not be of much help to you. So, having control of the expression of
the protein would be greatly desired (Kennedy. 1997). Another important complication to think
about would be, somehow managing to not elicit an immune response to the virus particle after you
infect the host with the virus. The first infection should be able to be successful without an immune
response, but a second infection might cause too strong of an immune response, rendering the virus
particles inert (Class notes). After fixing and dealing with all of these kinks, the name of the vaccine
will be OBI–WAN. Because, after all, it is your only

Herpes is the name given to many virus diseases that's caused by Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV),
which causes cold sores and painful blisters. It is caused by contact (touching). Everybody do not
have HSV, which means that people get this disease from them that have it by sharing objects such
as lip balm, finger–nail cutter, hair clipper, etc. HSV can also be contacted directly through sexual
activities. When it comes to statistic of the disease Herpes, it is quite separated by gender and race.
For all, 16.2% (over 25 million; 1 out of 6) of Americans have genital herpes. 20.9% of women have
genital herpes. 11.5% of men have genital herpes. 39.2% of black Americans have genital herpes
(48% of black women). 12.3% of white Americans have genital herpes. 80% of Americans ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The ones I just mentioned are some symptoms of HSV. When someone is feeling that type of way,
he or she should go for herpes test. The effects of HSV is that once it is contacted, it stays in the
body forever, though it might be inactive. It can cause sores in the genital area. Some women have
this sore in their sexual organ (vagina). The effect of HSV can make it easier for one to get HIV. It
can cause problems in the nervous system, this is because once it is contacted, it will travel through
the nerves and affect it. It can also cause pregnancy problems, this is when the disease (HSV) will
go from the mother to the unborn child, causing fatal problem. If you are seeking for help on how to
prevent HSV, ask your partner about his or her sexual history. Also ask your partner to be tested for
genital herpes. Please don't drive while intoxicated. I don't know why someone would want to do
that. To prevent HSV, one of the sexual intercourse partner should use a latex condom during every
sexual contact, limit the number of sexual partners. People with HSV should abstain totally from
sexual

The Herpes Simplex Virus
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a virus that affects many people in the world. This paper will discuss
the history, taxonomy, structure, and replication of the virus. The common symptoms, treatments,
and vaccinations will also be discussed.
The herpes simplex virus was first mentioned as far back as 400 BC. Hippocrates wrote about
symptoms of lesions. He used the word "heparin" which means to creep or to crawl. Between 14AD
and 37AD Emperor Tiberius banned kissing from public festivals and ceremonies because he
understood that the disease was passed from person to person. In 1893 Emile Vidal proved that the
herpes simplex virus is transmitted from person to person. The virus was first isolated in 1925 by
Frederic Parker and Robert N. Nye by growing the virus in vive using rabbit's testis cells. The
Herpes simplex virus is commonly known as just herpes.
HSV is part of the family herpetoviridae and the genus simplexvirus. There are two strains of this
virus: HSV1 known as the oral infection and HSV2 known as the genital infection. The structure of
the virus is an enveloped, icosahedral capsid, and single linear double–stranded DNA. The capsid
contains dsDNA, α and β proteins. The α proteins regulate the reproductive cycle and block the
presentation of antigenic peptides on the host membrane. The β proteins are in charge of the viral
nucleic acid metabolism and capsid proteins. The glycoprotein spikes are gB, gC, and gD. There are
many modes of transmission of the virus like

Two Dimensional Qsar Of Herpes Simplex Virus 2
Two–Dimensional QSAR of Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV 2)
Thymidine Kinase Inhibitors
Abstract
The Two–Dimentional Quantitative Structure Relationship or 2D QSAR was used to test 16
different phenlyguanine analogues using both the Pi and sigma parameters on the herpes simplex
virus. This was done by calculating their inhibitory activity on the viral thymidine kinase. Being
able to inhibit this enzyme will prevent viral DNA synthesis and thus reduce viral cell division
dramatically. At the moment acyclovir is used as a first line treatment for the HSV. The regression
data denote that the results from the model were both accurate and reliable. The multiple R and the
R square values were 0.920239319 and 0.846840404 respectively. As illustrated in table 5 the five
highest predicted inhibitory activities of un–synthesized phenylguanine analogues were
pentafluoroethyl, phenoxy, pentafluorothio, phenylazo, trifluoromethylthio. This was due to their
balanced values of each of the parameters allowing them to not only cross the phospholipids bi–
layer but also dissolve in the hydrophilic bloodstream and affects its targeted site.
Introduction
The Herpes simplex virus or HSV is a member of the herpes virus family. HSV consists of two
types; HSV1 and HSV–2, both of which infect humans and are easily contagious. They can be
spread by close direct contact and once contracted it remains inactive until it is triggered by various
factors including fatigue, general illness, trauma to affected

Herpes
Herpes Virus
The herpes family of viruses includes 8 different viruses that affect human beings. The viruses are
known by numbers as human herpes virus 1 through 8 (HHV1 – HHV8).
Human herpes virus 1
Human herpes virus 1 (HHV1) is also known as herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1). It is typically the
cause of cold sores around the mouth. HHV1 can also lead to infection in the genital area causing
genital herpes usually through oral–genital contact, such as during oral sex. HHV1 infections are
contagious and are usually spread from skin–to–skin contact with an infected person through small
breaks in the skin or mucous membrane. The HHV1 virus is more likely to be spread through things
like sharing eating utensils, razors, and towels from a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This infection accounts for many of the cases of convulsions associated with fever in infancy
(febrile seizures).
Human herpes virus 7 (HHV7) is even more recently observed and is closely related to HHV6. Like
other human herpes viruses, HHV6 and HHV7 are so common that most of humankind has been
infected at some point, usually early in life. HHV7 can also cause roseola, but it is not clear what
other clinical effects that this virus causes.
Human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) was recently discovered in the tumours called Kaposi's Sarcoma
(KS). These tumours are found in people with AIDS and are otherwise very rare. KS forms purplish
tumours in the skin and other tissues of some people with AIDS. It is very difficult to treat with
medication. HHV8 may also cause other cancers, including certain lymphomas (lymph node
cancers) associated with AIDS. The fact that these cancers are caused by a virus may explain why
they tend to occur in people with AIDS when their immune systems begin to fail. The discovery also
provides new hope that specific treatments for these tumours will be developed that target the

Herpes Simplex Virus Analysis
Herpes simplex virus is epidemic in the United States; however, precise statistics are unknown as it
is not a reportable disease and 50–70% of recurrent infections are asymptomatic (McCance,
Huether, & Brashers, 2014, p. 932). Furthermore, it is estimated that 80% of infected individuals do
not know that they are positive for HSV (McCance et al., 2014, p. 932) There are two serotypes of
the virus: HSV–1 and HSV–2. HSV–2 is what commonly causes genital herpes and recurring
infections (McCance et al., 2014). HSV–1 more commonly causes cold sores but there is increased
incidence of genital herpes caused by HSV–1 due to transmission during oral sex (however, this
could be due to increased screening and testing rather than a rise in oral sex rates) (Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2015). HSV is transmitted by mucosal contact with an
individual who has a lesion that is shedding the herpes virus; however, the virus can also be
transmitted when an individual who is infected with HSV is shedding the virus asymptomatically
and this is presumed to be when most transmission occurs (McCance et al., 2014, p. 933). A 22 year
old female comes to your primary care clinic with genital itching for 3–4 days and upon inspection
you notice an open sore on her labia and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What's most important is that you treat it just like any other aspect of the health history. Standardize
your questions for every patient and reassure them that you have to ask everyone these questions
because, odd are, they are uncomfortable too. Start out with open ended questions and at the end
always ask if there's anything that you didn't talk about that they think is important (CDC, 2005).
But if you find yourself feeling uncomfortable, talk to another nurse about your feelings and see if
they have any advice or have had similar experiences. Part of good nursing care is taking care of and
supporting each other (Swanson, 1993, p.

Determination Of The Presence Of Herpes Simplex
Determination of the presence of Herpes simplex through Indirect ELISA
Priscilla Mariel M. Cadiz
Biology Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Ave, Manila, Philippines
*Email: cadizpriscillamariel@yahoo.com
Sexually transmitted disease is currently one of the major health concerns in the world today. Herpes
simplex virus is one cause of STDs. There are two types of HSV present namely HSV–1 which is
often found in the mouth area and HSV–2 found at the genitals. Indirect ELISA was used in order to
determine the presence of Herpes simplex among 3 different samples. Indirect ELISA involves two
antibodies; the primary antibody which is bound to the antigen and secondary antibody bound to the
primary antibody. Results produced by indirect ELISA produces better amplified signal. Results
obtained showed that 1 of the 3 samples tested positive for HSV. Indirect ELISA however cannot
determine what specific type of HSV is present in the sample. The cause of HSV–1 is the exchange
of body fluids particularly obtained through kissing while sexual contact causes HSV–2. Though it
rarely happens, there are possibilities that false positive or false negative results were obtained in
Indirect ELISA. Interference may cause error.
1. INTRODUCTION
ELISA or Enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay is a biochemical technique used to check for the
presence of a target protein of interest in an experimental sample and how much of protein is present
(Voller et al, 1978). ELISA is considered an

What Are the Stages of Herpes Simplex?
At present, Herpes Simplex cannot be cured. The symptoms can be only managed. The root cause, a
virus, remains latent in the body. There are about 25 types of Herpes. The most well known are
Herpes Simplex Type I (oral) and Type II (genital).
Although the medical community continues to distinguish the virus by type, researchers have found
that both 'types' can manifest orally, as cold sores and/or on the genitals. Therefore, it is more useful
to concentrate on the stages of Herpes Simplex, which are basically the same for both types.
Knowing what to expect during each stage of Herpes will allow you to treat the symptoms and
protect your sexual partner.
First Stage: Prodome
In medical terminology, a prodome is a prelude to a disease. Because we are all unique, people have
different symptoms during the prodome stage. You might demonstrate all the typical symptoms or
just some of them. When you learn to recognize your unique symptoms, it will serve as a pre–
warning of outbreaks and you can treat them accordingly.
It begins when the body starts shedding the virus. All skin cells in the affected area, either around
the mouth or genitals, include the Herpes Virus. Herpes is easily spread to other people during this
stage.
Here, the virus activates and travels toward the skin surface where it will produce an outbreak. You
may find the affected area swells, itches, tingles and/or reddens. Your genital area may feel tender to
touch. You may experience flu–like symptoms. With

Genital Herpes Research Paper
Genital herpes is a sexual transmitted disease that is caused by herpes simplex virus. It is also called
HSV and HSV–antivirals. The herpes simplex virus has two type. People usually call the first type
by HSV–1, and the second type by HSV–2. (Medline Plus)The genital herpes used to be caused by
HSV–2, but the HSV–1 caused more and more genital herpes cases. (Beigi) The symptoms for
genital herpes are different depending on the severity of the disease at the beginning stage. For most
of the people, they have rather mild symptoms that is unnoticeable or skin itching. If there are any
noticeable symptoms, including decreased appetite, fever, malaise, muscle ache, and swollen lymph
nodes, the disease could be very severe. In the later stage,

Essay On Herpes

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