Adlerian Psychotherapy Essay

Adlerian Psychotherapy Essay
Understand, interpret, direct. This statement is an oversimplification of sorts, but defines the essence of Adlerian psychotherapy. From this minimal
overview of Adlerian theory, we can begin to elaborate and explore the intricacies of individual psychology. Adlerians are concerned with
understanding the unique and private beliefs and strategies of the individual (private logic and mistaken notions) that we create in childhood, and
which serve as a reference for attitudes, private views of self, others and the world, and behavior (lifestyle). Therapeutic work with clients involves
short–term and intensive work to increase social interest, to encourage a greater sense of responsibility for behavior, and to support behavioral change.
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In fact, this theory proposes that, "to live is to feel inferior" (Mosak 1995). However, when the individual begins to act inferior rather than feel
inferior, the individual is engaging in "discouragement" or the inferiority complex (Mosak 1995). "To oversimplify, the inferiority feeling is universal
and 'normal'; the inferiority complex reflects the discouragement of a limited segment of our society and is usually 'abnormal'" (Mosak 1995). This
theory views the healthy and "ideal" individual as one who engages in life experiences with confidence and optimism. "There is a sense of belonging
and contributing, the 'courage to be imperfect,' and the serene knowledge that one can be acceptable to others, although imperfect" (Mosak 1995).
This theory uses subjectivity for understanding the person. In order to understand the individual, we must understand his or her cognitions. Harold
Mosak (1995) identifies five underlying assumptions to the Adlerian theory. He states, "a) the individual is unique, b) the individual is self–consistent,
c) the individual is responsible, d) the person is creative, an actor, a chooser, and e) people in a soft–deterministic way can direct their own behavior
and control their destinies" (Mosak, 1995, p.87). According to Adlerian theory, people strive to attain goals that provide them with a place in this world,
in turn giving them security and enhancing self– esteem.
"If strivings are solely for the
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Psychodrama Exercise: Small Group Analysis
The small group I had an opportunity to facilitate was an interesting experience in that we fell easily into disclosure on the first day of class and
were already forming strong bonds and trust. The openness of the group made working as a facilitator on the second day an effortless experience.
This is not to say I was not challenged by the activity however the previously established group cohesiveness was an advantage to the group
experience. They were willing to be present and available for any task that was presented. The Exercise The group participated in a psychodrama
exercise. I presented a picture exercise to the group asking each to recall a time in their recent experience and share it with the group as a picture.
Christina began recalling her picture and instead of explaining the picture she started explaining the situation. I had an idea in my head and what was
happening did not match. I wanted each member to share their picture and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I asked Lisa and Nick to think about whether they could relate anything from their pictures to what Christina was discussing. It was in this time that
the group began to take on the more natural organic form it had been taking in the two leaderless groups. Each member recognized they were both
concerned over loss in their own situation. Nick was feeling concern because he felt his grandmother was aging and may not be around forever. Lisa
sent a letter to someone with an ultimatum about their interaction and she was concerned about how the letter being received would impact the
relationship. When the exercise concluded I asked the group if they had notes for me. The main note was it felt as though I had a preconceived notion
of what I expected to happen and I tried to keep steering things back to where I thought it should be. I felt that during the exercise and agreed quickly
with their

Four Characteristics Of Pychodynamic Therapy
Psychodynamic or psychoanalysis is a theory that is based on the personality. Psychodynamic therapy is the focus of unconscious processes as they are
manifested in the clients' present behaviour. Self awareness and understanding of the influence of the past on ones present behaviour is the goal of
psychodynamic therapy. Psychodynamic therapy operates with the tool of dialogue in order to expose and explore unconscious conflicts for the
purpose of allowing their processing and integration. The fundamental rules for intervention in psychodynamic hypnotherapy are the same in other
psychodynamic therapy (Wormnes, et al., 2000).
There are four psychodynamic techniques used in psychodynamic hypnotherapy, these being, free associations, dream interpretation and interpretation
of transference and defences. During hypnosis, free associations will often present themselves in the form of images that are closer to primary process
thinking as well as the unconscious, and hence defences and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There does however tend to be a certain type of individual who responds particularly well to the psychodynamic therapy approach.
These tend to be individuals that are genuinely interested in the exploration of themselves, and the seeking of self–knowledge in addition to symptom
relief. They will have the capacity to self–reflect as well as a natural curiosity for their internal life and why they behave the way they do in certain
situations. An example of this may be someone who keeps choosing abusive partners may have the desire to learn how to break that pattern by
exploring their unconscious conflicts. Should a client be willing to commit themselves wholly to psychodynamic therapy, they should see the benefits
within the first few months of

Essay about Group Therapy Theory Comparison
Looking for new and more effective ways to treat the issues of their clients, counselors and therapists may often begin to consider leading a group
therapy session. Group therapy is a form of therapy in which a therapist either treats or provides psychoeducational skills to a small, carefully planned
target group of individuals in an effort to ameliorate the issues and dysfunctions of each individual in that particular group of patients together
(Scheidlinger, 2004). In this group, therapists often utilize some of the psychotherapy theories such as Gestalt, transactional analysis, psychotherapy or
psychodrama which they often use to treat clients individually.
Counselors regularly decide which school of thought they will mainly utilize ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It will also introduce and discuss an emerging form of therapy called interactive group therapy.
Group Therapy and Adolescents When working with different age groups the therapist must regard developmental stages of not just the group as a
whole but must also take into consideration the developmental and cognitive abilities of each individual in their small group. There are some forms
of therapy which may either be more appropriate to use with younger students, or can be modified to suit the needs of younger students or students
who have a reduced level of cognition. In adolescent psychotherapy, the therapist needs to be aware of the relationship adolescents have with each
other and with their parents and caretakers. At this point in their lives, these relationships are often quite tumultuous (Holmes, Heckel, & Gordon,
1991). In addition to their social networks, the therapist also needs to be attentive to the manner in which the adolescent's early experiences form
their sense of self and respect the adolescent's desire to be independent and be active in deciding the paths of their lives. With this in mind, the
therapist will allow adolescent group members to have a more active role in participating and at times even taking a leadership role within the group
sessions

The Film, Confessions Of A Sociopath, By Joe Gibbons
The film, Confessions of a Sociopath, was made by the critically acclaimed director Joe Gibbons. Joe Gibbons is famous for his experimental films,
and this film is perhaps his best project to date. The film is an hour long and takes the viewer through real life events that have occurred in Joe's life.
In the film, Gibbons acts as a fictional version of himself where he finds a room full of footage from his life with events that he can no longer recall.
The film describes his earlier film experiments, his descent into constructive behavior and his bottoming out on drugs and alcohol. It is intriguing to
see a side of a well–known film maker that no one would have thought existed. The film is also greatly intriguing because it is not made in the
traditional professional way. The viewer is taken through a series of events that seem normal and completely unscripted. It is also clear that most of the
events in the film were shot without the assistance of professional cameramen and directors save for Gibbons himself.
The film is important and gives the viewer a chance to experience Gibbon's work on a personal level. He uses his life experience as material for his
films while remaining professional. Even though the film might be viewed as an autobiography, Gibbons introduces extremely personal confessions
into it that make it a unique type of psychodrama. A series of events unfolds with Gibbons narrating how he descended to destructive behavior. It is
clear that he has had a hard

Essay on Depression and Finding Help
Depression and Finding Help
Depression is defined as an illness; the feelings of depression persist and interfere with a child or adolescent's ability to function. Depression can be a
very difficult and painful experience that affects not only the individual suffering from it, but also the people around them. There comes a point in
some peoples' lives where social isolation, low energy, sadness, low self–esteem, and the feeling of hopelessness, cannot be taken anymore. The feelings
are so strong and persistent, that the victim becomes severely unhappy, which can then result in depression. Clinical depression has many related
symptoms trouble sleeping, eating disorders, withdrawal and inactivity, self–punishment, and loss of pleasure. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Therapy is obviously the oldest cure for depression, and while it has no 'side affects,' it is not foolproof. A therapist or psychologist may not cure a
person, as this happens very often, and then another suggestion may be implemented. Drug prescription would probably be the next step. Depression
can be helped with anti–depressants. The three main categories of anti–depressants are tricyclics (TCA's), monoamine oxiduse inhibitors (MAOI's),
and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI's). TCA's raise the level of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain .They slow the rate of
absorption by the nerve cells . TCA's have been prescribed since the 1950's. Tricyclics are made up of a triple carbon ring The most popular brand
names of TCA's are Imipramine (Tofranil), Amutruptyline (Elaurl), and Nortriptyline (Pamelor) (Miligan 126). Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil are all
commonly known anti–depressants, and all basically affect the patient the same way. Prozac is used by six million people in the United States and by
eleven million worldwide. Prozac is an antidepressant that produces neuron chemicals that depressed people are missing. Many complaints have been
issued about such drugs, as they often induce severe side affects. Side affects vary person to person. If they are taken at high

Bates Motel Case Study Psychology
After leaving viewers screaming for more in its Season 3 finale, "Bates Motel" will return for its fourth season to churn more psychodrama shock for
its fans. When Bates Motel season 3 ended, Freddie Highmore's Norman Bates had transformed into a full–blown psycho, scaring his mother Norma
Bates even more. While Norman had been unable to accept his real situation, Norma's fear for his son is starting to be realized, and death is waiting
for her somewhere along the road, according to Movie News Guide (MNG). The fourth season of Bates Motel will present a darker personality for
Norman, who will be admitted to a mental institution. Viewers will also witness the growing distance between Norma and Norman, the report relays.
Executive producer Kerry

The Core Concepts Of God
The quote from Benner about finding God in our authentic self, appeals to me. My concept of God has shifted over the years, and as I consider
the purest form of God to be love, I agree with the quote. In this essay I will discuss how I consider two of the core concepts of God and relate them
to my development. I will show, using journal entries, how I have developed over the last two years at Vision College, and how this self–development
has been a surprising and painful journey. I will show my plans for ongoing development, travelling from self–discovery to self–acceptance to self–love.
The first concept to discuss is forgiveness, a paramount doctrine of Christianity and mentioned frequently in the Bible. The Biblical principle is that God
forgave our wrongs and so we are to follow the example and forgive each other. Forgiveness of sin healed a man of paralysis. Matthew 9v2 (NIV
Bible) tells us a moving story of how unforgiveness can paralyse a person and render them unable to move in a certain way (Pritchard, 2005).
Personally, I believe forgiveness entwines with understanding. Once I understood my Mother's position, forgiveness of her faults inevitably followed
(Journal Entry 1).
In addition, forgiveness as a central theme includes the concept of self–forgiveness. There is the view that we must forgive ourselves, that when we
relinquish the view of ourselves of having to be perfect, we allow others the permission to fail (Chittister, 2010). Love keeps no

Social Service Agency Overview
Goal Statement
This paper will analyze County Department of Social Services Agency that is located in Salisbury, North Carolina and correlate the ecological theory
rand the psychodynamic/ psychoanalytical theory to explain how this agency interact with its clients and the community. This agency has multiple
service divisions such as the Adult and Family Support Services Division that consist of the Crisis Intervention Program, Food Stamp Program, Intake
(Adult Medicaid), and Long–term care Medicaid (nursing homes). Also, this agency has a Children's Services Division. Rowan County Department of
Social Services has a Family and Children's Public Assistance Division and also, this agency provides the Work First Employment... Show more
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Although many of these Division's programs are Federally mandated, the North Carolina Legislature and Executive Branch also establishes programs
for citizens. There are also commissions which develop operating rules that impact county departments of Social Services. These are the Commissions
of the North Carolina General Assembly and include the Joint Senate and House Appropriations Subcommittee on Health and Human Resources;
House Welfare Reform Committee; Joint Legislative Public Assistance Commission; Joint Subcommittee on Governmental Operations– Health and
Human Resources; Joint Study Commission on Aging; and Senate/House Judiciary Committee. The Division of Social Services (DSS) works very
closely with both the chairpersons of these Committees as well as their legislative staff. The Joint Senate and House Appropriations Subcommittee has
responsibility for approving the Division's budget while the other legislative committees have responsibility for any statutory changes made to the
General Statutes that govern DSS programs and services. One of the most influential bodies developing operating rules for NC DSS is the Social
Services Commission. The North Carolina Social Services Commission is a statutorily based body, G.S. 143B– 153(http://ncdhhs.gov/dss
/sscommission/statutes.htm).
An ecological

Experimental Therapy: A Therapeutic Approach
Experimental therapy is a therapeutic approach that allows and motivates clients to view and discuss their subconscious thoughts and issues. This can
be done in various different ways; a client may use role playing, guided imagery, the use of props, and other active experiences. When working
experimentally, clients are always encouraged to gain a sense of direction of what is happening in their lives. Experimental therapy starts from the
assumption of growth, and allows change to happen naturally. Experiences that are brought up in experimental therapy are considered to be the critical
aspect in therapy. Experiences are not to be considered a mental process but rather a felt sense of what is happening, an often vague but significant felt
response ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Members in psychodrama play out events from their lives using five main tools. The stage delivers a flexible space for autonomy of skill and
appearance. The psychodrama director (Therapist), acts as a counselor, producer and analyst, assisting the group to shape a setting where the
protagonist (client) can try and act freely with the support of auxiliaries (group members). Auxiliaries assist the director and the protagonist in
managing and discovering the protagonist's world, showing real or fictional people and aspects enclosed in it. The audience can be a discussion
board of public opinion or topic of the drama, they may help the protagonist or may be assisted by the drama that is being represented. Psychodrama
is a way of experimental Therapy this allows the clients to really get involved with their thoughts. This allows the clients to really understand and
figure out and correct the issues that the group finds to be problematic. Psychodrama consists of a protagonist that is to represent the issues that
characterize the main elements of the group. The protagonist will bring focus on the drama and present it to the group. The members of the group aid
the protagonist in creating dramatic enactment of the scenes. If the members in the group and the protagonist are working effectively and efficiently,
the current scene that is being discussed and being brought forward may then be acted out as it was happening. Members of the group may be picked
out to play different roles of the

Mutism And Autism
Social Justice for Children with Selective Mutism
Social justice can be applied in all the expressive therapies, but I want to focus on how it can be applied for psychodrama with selectively mute
children. I choose this topic because I am very interested in this research and I feel as though we did not get to go into detail about this topic in class.
In our readings, there were a few sections that mentioned this client population, but I wanted to do more research to see if the expressive arts would
be a good fit for the beginning stages of getting to know these clients. I am currently being trained in working with selectively mute children in my
internship. The training is coming for a cognitive–behavioral model, but there are components ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This can be even more problematic if it is not treated early on because then it can develop into social anxiety and/or avoidant personality disorder in the
future. Selective mutism is a poorly understood childhood condition that affects approximately 1% of the population (Cohan et al., 2008). Helping to
make the child see that it is okay to speak and that we want to hear what the client has to say is important. Starting by using non–verbals is an important
bridge and the use of play therapy for these children is the key to building a relationship and rapport with them. As we learned in class play is the
language for children so this is exactly how we can get them to express themselves, especially for younger children.
Selective mutism falls within the category of Anxiety Disorders. According to the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM–5; APA, 2013, p. 195 & Kumpulainen, 2002), the diagnostic criteria for selective mutism are as follows: A. Consistent failure to speak in
specific social situations in which there is an expectation for speaking (e.g., at school) despite speaking in other situations. B. The disturbance interferes
with educational or occupational achievement or with social communication. C. The duration of the disturbance is at least 1 month (not limited to the
first month of school). D. The

Drama Therapy Research Paper
I was having a Les MisГ©rables kindof day. My monolog from Rent was perfectly rehearsed for the role of greeter/seater/environment creator at
Applebee's. But, it's a hard knock life for a Drama Major trying to find what is so disdainfully referred to as "a real job." I Googled Drama + Job +
frowning face + Andrea and suddenly, my favorite word caught my eye: Audition. NYU.edu caused me to double take, double tap, then double click
to reveal the audition "involves discussion of the student's educational and professional background, blah, blah, blah and knowledge about the
profession of Drama Therapy." I felt as ditzy as Zaneeta Shinn in The Music Man. I don't know anything about Drama Therapy... except that one causes
a need for the other. Ye Gads!... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Additionally, the July 19, 2010 Newsweek states that current American students are not as creative as past generations. Psychodrama fosters
creativity by encouraging experimentation, the kind without your hands down your pants. Drama therapy is not only a successful tool for teaching
children; it has also been used with criminals. The February 2011 Arts & Psychotherapy Journal discussed the implementation of drama therapy with
incarcerated offenders, which has improved impulse control, compliance with rules, and coping skills. Corcoran State Prison began using drama
therapy on mass murderer Charles Manson and have seen so much improvement, his life sentence has been reduced! No, not really, drama therapy is
good, but it's not THAT good! What drama therapy has been shown to do is develop empathy to help criminals acknowledge their actions and,
hopefully, prevent future crimes. Like the criminal offense of producing Spiderman the Musical "A freak like me needs company" Really? Let's fly
over to the Implications of Drama Therapy. [shoot fake web and "fly" across

Jungian Dialectical Methods
1.PsychoanalysisInstincts /Drive an innate psychic energy known as id Sigmund FreudCatharsis or Abreaction drives Conscious and unconscious
mental state activity Western values were effective/Modified by measure of awarenessInterpretation of the transference relationship
2.Analytical TherapyArchetypeCarl Jung–
Jungian Dialectical methodThe collective unconscious and archetypes filtering from the conscious to repress the unconscious Self–Free association
/ Individuation– wholeness Dialectical method
3.Individual PsychologyTeleologyAlfred Adler
(Adlerian therapy) Fictional final goalConscious and unconscious uniqueness of the individual Style of life as a final goal Inferiority/ Private logic
Assessing and understanding the lifestyle (phase II)
Existential–Humanistic
1. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Person–Centered CounselingOrganismic valuing processCarl Rogers Actualizing tendencyChoice and free will as a way of beingConditions of worth
/IncongruenceUnconditional positive regard
Cognitive–Behavioral
1.Behavior Therapy"Baby in a box" B.F. SkinnerMentalistic conceptsRadical behaviorist unconscious feeling, thoughts and action affect individuals
behaviorsDeterministic/
Self– managementSystematic desensitization
2.Rational Emotive Behavior TherapyFallible human beingsAlbert EllisIrrational belief systemsCognitive process which causes complex interaction
Cognitive disputations/
Risk–taking behaviorsPsychoeducational
3.Cognitive TherapyGenetic and evolutionary predispositionsAaron "Tim" BeckConstructivistStructure of cognitionsCore beliefs– automatic thoughts/
Cognitive schema Pragmatic
4.Reality Therapy/Choice TheorySelf– preservationWilliam GlasserInner controlPerceptual control theoryChoice theory/ Control theoryWDEP system
Post–Modern
1.Narrative TherapyAbsent but implicitMichael WhiteNarrativeExternalizing the problem and mapping its effects Social constructionism/Dominant
narrativesQualitative

The Profession Of Counseling In The 1920's
The 1920s were a relatively quiet time for the counseling profession in terms of discoveries and experiments but it was much more active in a
different area with major steps forward in legally creating the actual profession of counseling as well as counselor education. Counseling was leaving
the stigma of friendly advice and heading into a world of trained professionals. During this time, progressive theories of education, as well as guidance
services, were the main influences and practices but a specialty area of counseling emerged during this time as well. This period is the most influential
era on our contemporary practice, but not in the way one usually thinks. While the 1920's was a quiet time, it built the beginnings of the foundation...
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This often uses elements of theater and can be conducted on stage, or a space that can be used like one and props can be used. Through this therapy,
clients can explore internal conflicts by acting out emotions and interactions on stage. This therapy focuses on one participant and uses four specific
techniques; mirroring, doubling, soliloquy, and role reversal. Contemporary psychodrama therapy can be used in both a non–clinical and clinical
setting. Psychodrama can be used in education, professional training, and businesses in the non–clinical setting but in the clinical field, it can be used
to help with emotional trauma, PTSD, and dysfunctional attachments ("What is Psychodrama," 2014). With this in mind, it is used often for the
treatment of children who suffered emotional trauma and abuse. Even though Psychodrama is not widely practiced, the work that was done has
opened the doors to research on other concepts like group therapy and drama therapy. Psychodrama laid the foundation for the contemporary
psychodrama practice as well as the footings for research on group therapies, which are widely used today. Lastly, John Watson developed the theory
of Behaviorism which is defined as the science of observable behavior. Watson rejected the idea of

Stereotyping Should Be Allowed In High Schools
among high school students and how negative stereotyping can impact on their life and lead to drug use and abuse. The second week will discuss two
different topics: myths and denials, and chemical dependency. For myths, I have chosen "Facts and Myths on Drug Use" (see Appendix E) to assist
students to examine the myths, correct their thoughts about drug use as well as learn how some beliefs are used as justifications. For chemical
dependency session, I prefer to start with "The Types–of–Drugs Chart" activity (see Appendix F) to provide students with the different types of drugs,
how and why they are used. Also, "Reasons, Reasons, Reasons" worksheets (see Appendix G) would be important to use with students to help them
identify the reasons

Psychodrama Session
the protagonist is invited to move out of his own position or role into the significant other's position and enact that role) The session is often broken up
into three phases – the warm–up, the action, and the post–discussion. During a typical psychodrama session, a number of clients gather together. One
of these clients is chosen by the group as the protagonist, and the director calls on the other clients to assist the protagonist's either by portraying other
characters, or by utilizing mirroring, doubling, or role reversal. The clients act out a number of scenes in order to allow the protagonist to work through
certain scenarios. This is obviously beneficial for the protagonist but also is helpful to the other group members, allowing them to assume the role of
another person and apply that experience to their own life. The focus during the session is on the acting out of different scenarios, rather than simply
talking through them. All of the different elements of the session (stage, props, lighting, etc.) are used to heighten the reality of the scene.... Show more
During the warm–up, the actors are encouraged to enter into a state of mind where they can be present in and aware of the current moment and are
free to be creative. This is done through the use of different ice–breaker games and activities. Next, the action section of the psychodrama session is the
time in which the actual scenes themselves take place. Finally, in the post–discussion, the different actors are able to comment on the action, coming
from their personal point of view, not as a critique, sharing their empathy and experiences with the protagonist of the

Reality and Illusion in Shakespeare's Hamlet
Appearance versus Reality in Hamlet
Hamlet is organized around various pairs of opposing forces. One of these forces is the difference between that what seems and that which actually is,
in other words, appearance versus reality. What is, and what merely appears to be? We can discern two principal angles from which this question is
approached in Hamlet. First, we have the angle of inward and outward emotions, and the profound distinction that is drawn between them. In other
words, the tranquil face that we all show to the world is never the same as the turmoil of our souls. In Hamlet, Shakespeare explores this both explicitly,
through the device of the play within the play, and implicitly, through the ways in which he uses... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In fact, some philosophers have stated that there is no objective external reality, and our perceptions define the world (Berkeley) – while Shakespeare's
view is not so extreme, it comes close. This is best exhibited in the oracular nature of certain characters, namely the couple of Hamlet and Ophelia. We
can examine the dialogue between Polonius and Hamlet in Act II, Scene ii (171–219). Hamlet's speech here consists of only loosely connected ideas.
His speech is full of non sequiturs and facts that are clearly wrong, as we see here:
Polonius. Do you know me, my lord?
Hamlet. Excellent well. You are a fishmonger.
Polonius. Not I, my lord.
Hamlet. Then I would you were so honest a man.
Polonius. Honest, my lord?
Hamlet. Ay, sir. To be honest, as this world goes, is to be one man picked out of ten thousand. (2.2.173
–179)
Polonius is, of course, not a fishmonger. Hamlet's motivation for speaking about honesty here is at best unclear. And why Hamlet suddenly spits out
deep philosophical truths – as he does in the final line above – is nothing short of mysterious. Yet somehow Polonius, who can see Hamlet where we
can only read his words, finds meaning in them: "Though this be madness, yet there is method in it" (2.2.207–208).

As oracles go, Ophelia is even worse than Hamlet. Her "babblings" (Berman) – the songs which she sings at her return in Act IV, Scene v– are

Power And Potency Of Groups
Leadership Observations In order to be effective, group leaders must be aware of the power and potency of groups. The leaders in Restore were
sensitive to group members and where they were in the process. This same consideration was displayed in our class; a good balance of sensitivity
and gentle challenge to be involved in the process. It was evident in Restore which facilitators were the better equipped, more passionate and skilled.
They were confident and utilized their skills to assist members to find real healing. Restore is a thoughtfully planned out fully fleshed out program. I
felt most of the facilitators displayed the potential to combine their training and passion to help members foster healthy behavior changes, were able to
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Universality –This serves to assist in removing the feeling of "I am the only one going through this." Certainly in Restore that was displayed as
even a visitor seemed relieved when the speaker testified to her need to feel accepted by everyone. In our class it was displayed when we could
look at each other in the group and realize most of us were on the same level playing field. This was validated when our class realized we were all
feeling awkward at times and reluctant to speak or offer observations. I suspect that the relief that one feels just being in a group of people openly
admitting they are flawed (or untrained, in our case) can bring some measure of comfort with self, or at least the situation. Altruism – Even the person
that has low self–esteem can feel uplifted and more worthy in themselves when they are offering help. Giving to another whose situation is similar, as
one who has found coping strategies or skills that has led to their healing or betterment. In Restore this is done really well. I saw more seasoned
attendees reaching back for those who were just beginning the journey. Throughout the introductory testimony/teaching, as well as the open group
there was a sense of the facilitators enjoying offering helpful information and insights. Thus supporting this altruism factor. For our class, as well, I
could see confidence in what and how built over the semesters as we shared and formed a greater sense of community

Essay about Oedipus the King and Oedipus Complex
Oedipus Rex, is a Sophocles play, that according to Freud exemplifies a formative stage in a individuals psychosexual development. The
psychosexual stages are the age related developmental periods in which sexual impulses are exerted through different bodily zones and then
activities are associated with those areas in the bodily zones. These is when a young child will transfer his love object from the breast to the mother.
When the child gives up the breast and moves to the mother it is known as the oral phase. The child then has the sexual desire for the opposite sex
parent and will usually have hostility towards the same sex parent. During this time, the child will have a secret desire to... Show more content on
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The boy then feels hostility and jealously towards his father, but then will come to realize that his father is much more powerful then he is. Freud
says, " the boy will then experience castration anxiety which is the fear that his father will punish him by castration (Freud, 1993) ." Fixation at a
particular stage may result If the developmental conflicts are not successfully resolved. He figured if this feelings were not successfully resolved then
they would contribute to neuroses in later life. The only way anyone could resolve the Oedipus Complex and the anxieties from the complex , the boy
ultimately will join force with the enemy by resorting to the defense mechanism of identification. Identification is a psychoanalytic theory that involves
the ability to reduce the anxiety by imitating the behavior and characteristics of one individual. For instance, he would most likely imitate his fathers
values, attitude and mannerisms. Girls are another way in which the Oedipus Complex could be resolved because girls usually identify with the same
sex parent and then they develop a strong superego against urges. Freud considered this complex is be the cornerstone of superego and the nucleus of
all human relationships. Oedipus in a way had this Oedipus Complex because

Alcohol and Drinking
Treatments for Alcoholism
Where can alcoholics receive help? "Hospitals, psychiatric agencies, public–welfare departments, and social agencies, among others are often reluctant
to provide care and treatment for problem drinkers" (Plaut, 53). Although it is difficult to help these problems drinkers, many people will give all they
can to help these problem drinkers. "The provision of treatment to problem drinkers is complicated because they differ from one to another in so many
ways" (Plaut, 33). Many different factors vary within problem drinkers. "Not only do their drinking patterns vary greatly, but also theirphysical health,
psychological condition, and economic circumstances" (Plaut, 34). Problem drinkers have problems ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, "long–term control over drinking frequently cannot be achieved without other significant changes in the patient and his situation, including a
reduction of tensions and distress" (Plaut, 35). In addition, "the quality of the patient"s life, his interpersonal relations and his social and psychological
functioning, must all come within the focus of treatment" (Plaut, 35). The most popular and widely advocated treatment for alcoholism is Alcoholics
Anonymous. "In 1938 it was estimated that over one million people belong to A.A. There are about forty–eight thousand chapters of the organization
in one hundred and ten countries" (Mendelson and Mellow, 337). These chapters range in size from "six to four hundred persons" (Mendelson and
Mellow, 337). Many people all around the USA receive help from Alcoholics Anonymous. "A.A. stresses that alcoholism is a disease and the persons
suffering from it have lost their ability to control their drinking" (Plaut, 62). The frequent meetings "consist principally of the study of A.A. principles,
and of members giving personal reports on their own successful struggles in dealing with alcoholism" (Plaut, 63). In addition, "the clearly stated
principles of A.A. have been a help to many problem drinkers, although serving as a barrier for some others" (Plaut, 63). Alcoholics Anonymous is a
wonderful sel–help group but it is not the cure for all problem drinking.
What are some other helping

Stereotypes In Psychodrama, Black Swan
Psychodrama, Black Swan is a film that portrays the competitive world of professional ballet and the internal struggles that transpire in the notoriously
cutthroat industry. The film highlights a repressed ballerina Nina Sayers, (Natalie Portman) and her downward mental spiral attributed to her irrational
pursuit of perfection. Nina's psychosis has provoked a warped understanding of reality triggering irrational behavior that attempts to achieve perfection
as a means to happiness. The film has a devastating denouement, illustrating how distorted ideas of happiness can lead to destructive and in this case,
fatal outcome. The film opens with an introduction of the protagonist Nina, a misfit in the ballet community and rigid dancer with an enmeshed
relationship with her mother, a former dancer who lives vicariously through her daughter's dancing career. Nina's sensitive to criticism, compliant, soft
spoken and anti–social. Much like her dancing she is beautiful but stiff and expresses ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nina's infatuation with a perfect routine has exceeded the point of unhealthy. The stress causes her to pick at her skin and scratch her back so much so
that she causes herself to bleed and have visible, unattractive scars. These ailments serve as physical reflections of her mental condition... Stressed,
overworked and undernourished. Throughout the film, Nina's physical complications negatively impact her dancing as the sprains and bruising is
exacerbated throughout her practicing and instructors comment on the unattractive scratches as a cosmetic issue for the ballet. Nina's physical
condition serves as an example of how perfection is an illusion and is actually deterrence to happiness opposed to an entryway. Had Nina maintained a
healthy attitude towards her dancing she would have prevented injuries and stress, which would have reflected on her performance and her physical

Janet Cooke Case Study
On January 3, 1980, Janet Cooke debuted her journalistic career at The Washington Post, during a time when the industry was sexualized, segregated
and most of all, competitive. The 25–year–old journalist gained peaking attention after her submission of the infamous "Jimmy's World," a front–page,
nationwide headliner about a supposed, 8–year old African American boy who suffered from an unfortunate heroin addiction. Following this
publication and its subsequent upheaving attention, Cooke was awarded a Pulitzer Prize on April 13, 1981. However, Cooke soon after returned the
award after admitting to fabricating her submission. Mike Sager, a Columbia Journalism Review editor, as well as the ex–boyfriend and coworker of
Cooke, published the article... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The structure that of which the rhetor incorporates reveals his personal situation and connection to the "Jimmy's World" scandal. Following the
discovery of Janet Cooke's fabricated story that lead to her mortifying defamation, she avoided public interviews and evaded the United States, settling
in Europe for several years. Sager structures his text to include and emphasize that following her return from Europe, "She spoke to [him] at length for a
piece [he] published in GQ...the only substantial interview Cooke ever gave" (Sager). Sager structured his text to emphasize that upon her return to the
United States, Cooke chose to provide him, specifically, with an enriched depiction of her experiences that essentially motivated her fabrication.
Through this structured inclusion, Sager portrays exclusivity on the interview which validates his reasoning for exploiting his two narratives. The
underlying motive for publishing "The Fabulist Who Changed Journalism" is due to his select authority as the sole account of her story, for she has
only confided in Sager. He structurally includes that he wrote "Janet's World," which he further explains is another story covering the scandal, due to
his privileged knowledge about the scandal from the perpetrator

Flesh by Paul Morrissey
In the first scene of Paul Morrissey's 1968 film Flesh, the viewer is taken on a brief journey through the streets of New York City. The perspective
taken is that from a passive observer looking into the life of the main character. The camera does not tamper with the images nor try to impose new
meaning on them – we see the sequence of events as it actually unfolds. Throughout the film clip, a main theme is centered on the banality of the
protagonist's existence, and his restless state is reflected within both technical and organic aspects of the clip. The opening shot looks like it was taken
with a handheld camera, as it is somewhat shaky and we can hear a background noise. We are introduced to thecharacter right away. We see a... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He is looking for something or someone that will complete him, so he talks to strangers and acquaintances hoping to have a breakthrough. His quick
gazes are similar to the quick cuts of the camera – again, he is restless, unsatisfied. The cuts and jumps are representative of how everyone is traveling
in a linear direction beccause they know what they want – they are walking with a purpose. The cuts are chaotic, like his character. Everyone that he
watches is going on with their lives, walking briskly past him, but he stays in the same spot because he is in limbo – he can't move forward with his
life because he doesn't know what he wants. His ambiguity is also demonstrated at the very beginning of the clip – the first image we see of him is a
reflection, which signifies an unclear and murky sense of self. Perhaps other people shape him – he is a reflection of their wants and needs, and this is
how he lost himself. A reflection is not true reality, however, and he is not going to find himself by looking to other people for validation. Although
the focus of the clip is on him, he is still somewhat passive and shows a lack of control.
Another important theme in the clip is homosexuality. The male character is objectified, like a woman would be in a typical movie scene. Thegaze is
projected onto him. We also see two characters that seem to engage in a romantic touching sequence, which might be some sort of foreshadowing. The
protagonist only speaks to men

The Art Scene in New York City in the 60's and Early 70s'
Reflection circa 1973 was, grinding away best, an unobtrusively venturesome redesign on prior models. A significant part of the new painting seen in
Manhattan doesn't climb so high. It's generally a gifted however doomed repeat. Four decades back, "execution workmanship" was an option to
painting. It was offbeat and clunky, past innovation, or perhaps unreasonably underneath it, intended to reflect a world in which materials were
transient, models pointless, values tricky. A ton of late execution workmanship in New York, especially that in the biennial celebration Performa, has
had very nearly the inverse properties: It's cleaned, bundled, pricey, storehouse primed.
Then, we can set out over to the "execution art's" beginnings in a sketchy yet engrossing archival presentation, "Customs of Rented Island: Object
Theater, Loft Performance, and the New Psychodrama – Manhattan, 1970–1980" at the Whitney Museum of American Art.
New York Cityin the early 1970s was a wreck: bankrupt, or everything except, and going into disrepair. One focal point to specialists was the
accessibility of shoddy, void space, prominently in the Lower Manhattan mechanical locale that came to be called Soho. An alternate was that, with the
workmanship showcase in the pits after the 1960s blast, there was a nothing–to–lose opportunity to investigation.
Onto the scene came craftsmen who were as intrigued by dialect, theater, move, music, social work, TV, help and stand–up comic drama as they were in

Core Concepts Of The Purest Form Of God
As I reflect on the quote from Benner about finding God in our authentic self, I find it appealing. My concept of God has shifted over the years, and as
I consider the purest form of God to be love, I agree with the quote. In this essay I will discuss how I consider two of the core concepts of God and
relate them to my development. I will show how I have developed over the last two years at Vision College, and how this self–development has been a
surprising and painful journey, using journal entries. I will also show my plans for on–going development. I have moved from self–discovery to
self–acceptance to self–love in many areas with many more discoveries yet to come.
The first concept I will discuss is forgiveness. Forgiveness is an important part of the doctrine of Christianity and is mentioned many times in the Bible.
The Biblical principle is that God forgave our wrongs and so we are to follow the example and forgive each other. Jesus forgave sins, Matthew 9v2
(NIV Bible) is an account of how forgiveness of sin healed a man of paralysis. Even if you don't believe that Jesus actually physically healed the
man, it is a beautiful story of how unforgiveness can paralyse a person and render them unable to move in a certain way (Pritchard, 2005). Personally,
I have found that forgiveness came from understanding (Journal Entry 1). I was able to forgive my mother for her many (in my immature eyes) faults.
In addition, forgiveness as a central theme also includes the

Group Dynamics: Group Analysis
The group dynamic can be influenced by the facilitator through their actions and response to the group. In my professional life there were times
when I was tasked to lead break out groups in an effort to discuss areas that were working and areas where we as a team could do things better. In
these small break out group experiences I recognize strengths and challenges in my ability as a leader. Without formal experience in the helping
profession I was unsure how I would relate my personal experience to the group dynamic. In reading Yalom, I recognized the skills used in my job
to facilitate break out groups was similar to those used to lead process groups. Strengths and weaknesses Today I am an effective group leader because
I have had... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While the group engages in the warm up my role is to keep an open mind for prompt recognition. A decision needs to be made based on this
observation of the group whether to choose the protagonist or activate the group to choose (DuricМЃ,VeljkovicМЃ, &TomicМЃ 2006 p. 9). Because
the group is small I would like to allow the group to select which photograph they would like to use for the process group. Unless there is a
member who has presented a strong evocative photograph that would create a powerful group experience I would like to allow the group to
choose. However if the picture were as powerful as I suspect I believe the members would select that one as well. If they chose something else it
may be an opportunity for me to review how I perceive the importance of an event. The group will then decide which photograph will be the focus of
the psychodrama and the member who was selected will act out their scene for the group. The member will use pieces of furniture to set their scene
and they will be the protagonist of the story (DuricМЃ,VeljkovicМЃ, &TomicМЃ 2006 p. 11). I found this technique to be of interest because it
develops the skills I spoke of lacking. In using this technique the members will select the direction the group will take in order to give the most
meaningful experience to all of

Gestalt Therapy Papers
The next theory, person–centered, relies heavily on the fact that we have the ability to understand our problems and have the resources to fix them.
Person–centered, like psychodynamic, is not very effective in a group. When we were lead with person–centered often there was an interaction
between Nick (who was leading) and whomever he was talking too. The group aspect was lost because person–centered therapy is exactly how it
sounds, person–centered. It is centered on the person that the leader is currently interacting with. It was useful for me however, because I was able to
open up about my current relationship struggles and all the issues of long–distance dating. It was very effective to allow me to just talk my issues
out–loud and to understand the positive aspects. Overall, just like psychodynamic, I would avoid person–centered because I feel that you lose part of
the group cohesion because of the one on one nature of person–centered therapy. Gestalt therapy was very useful for group. Gestalt therapy is very
engaging and deals with the overall environment and how it affects each person. Gestalt therapy uses a wide range of techniques in which all... Show
It focuses on solutions that people have and steps to get to those goals. Solution allows people to take the steps that they need to change and clearly
lay out goals to get there. Solution focused deals heavily with the fact that people know what they want to change. Solution focused therapy also
heavily relies on feedback from the group. In our group, Sarah shared some of her fears of moving to a new city and the group was able to share
their own feedback and provide her some extremely valuable solutions to open up to people to make the moving transition less lonely and therefore
easy. Solution–focused brief therapy is one of the most used group techniques and it is also my most preferred technique to use in a

The Social Work Profession And Career Interests
Master Integrative Assignment
Introduction
My perspective about the social work profession and career interests have been evolving and gaining more depth since I entered the MSW program. I
would like to contribute to the betterment of the lives of the disadvantaged or marginalized individuals, and I am confident that graduating from the
UTSA MSW program will enable me to apply my knowledge to culturally competent practice. It was my career in teaching that directed me through the
years of my professional experience toward social work. Currently, my areas of interest are in school social work and gerontology. I can also envision
myself having an active role within a hospital or clinic working with people to address their needs.
Advanced Methods: Groups
Group membership is natural to human life because being a member of the society means belonging to numerous groups. The classroom turned
into a safe place for voicing our own dilemmas, and there was always room for conversation and discussion of controversial issues, for instance,
related to the current national and global events, as well as pertaining to more ethical issues, such as what kind of icebreakers should be used in
social work practice with groups. Classroom experience also provided a safe environment for use of a role play and psychodrama to rehearse different
scenarios applicable to real–life situations, such as applying for job or internship.
During discussions, we continued to learn from each other, give

Ohad Naharin Biography
Ohad Naharin, an Israeli dancer, choreographer, and director, was raised in an artistic home, with a psychologist who specialized in psychodrama as a
father, and a mother who was a Feldenkrais instructor, a dancer, and a choreographer. Considered one of the world's most outstanding contemporary
choreographers, Naharin focused mainly on music, and painting, until the age of 22. At 22, Naharin started dancing at the Batsheva Dance Company,
during which he was approached and invited by Martha Graham to come to America, where he would go on to study at Juilliard and the School of
American Ballet.
In the year 1990, Ohad was appointed the artistic director of the Batsheva Dance Company, where his style started to develop, focusing on a set of
words

Psychodrama Therapy
What is central to the therapeutic process is change and developing adequate ways to cope and live. Traumatic experiences have a very strong and
deep effect on individuals and should be treated with caution. Psychodrama therapy (PDT), developed by Jacob Moreno, is a form of group
psychotherapy where each individual becomes a therapeutic agent for each other in the group (Sproesser, Viana, Quagliato, & de Souza, 2010).
Additionally, PDT is a humanistic and unique therapeutic approach utilizing action to work through and process emotions stemming from painful or
traumatic events (cite). Moreno discovered that action is effective in exploring an individual's interpersonal relations and private worlds (cite).
Action–oriented therapy has been... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is an experience where a person loses their sense of self and can strain interpersonal relationships. Unfortunately, traumatization tends to occur within
the realm of interpersonal relationships (cite), and in turn leaves behind a sense of isolation, shame, and guilt (cite). Trauma occurs when a person's
ability to effectively respond and cope to a perceived threat is overwhelmed. For those who have experienced severe trauma will likely develop the
symptoms of Post–Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD; Shalev et al., 1998; Kisiel et al., 2014). PTSD is apparent in survivors as they may experience
recurrent dreams, feeling or acting as if the traumatic event were recurring, intense psychological distress, and physiological reactions, such as rapid
heart beat, sweating, or pounding head (Dayton, 2000) and a decrease in social functioning (Rademaker, Vermetten, & Kleber, 2009). Traumatic events
can carry long–lasting, powerful effects, such as mental and emotional problems, bodily discomfort, and strains on interpersonal relationships (McVea,
Gow, & Lowe, 2011). Trauma shatters an individual's beliefs about the world and others, while robbing him/her of self–esteem, sense of self, and
safety. Empirical evidence has inferred that trauma survivors express they perceive the world as unsafe and people are regarded as dangerous
(Sezgin & Punamaki, 2008). Allowing survivors to release their repressed emotions while receiving the support from a group is the magic of PDT.
The process of healing trauma and emotional pain must focus on repairing what the event destroyed (Sezgin & Punamaki, 2008). This paper will focus
on how psychodrama is an effective approach of therapy in healing individuals who have encountered trauma or painful emotional

An Analysis of Mel Lazarus' Angry Fathers Essays
A00116258
Angry Fathers Mel Lazarus, writer of Angry Fathers, showed by describing his relationship between him and his father, as he recalled an incident that
happened when he was 9 years old, back in 1938, when corporal punishment was most used to correct bad behavior, "They'll live, don't worry ", was
the common idea, that event marked his relationship and trust with his father for life. Lazarus' family stayed at a boarding house in Catskills for the
summer during school vacations, and he and two buddies were hanging out one August afternoon, bored. So what they decided to do was engage in a
little remodeling, as the owner of the place was furious, the three mothers basically decided to let their husbands discipline the boys. The ... Show more
That was not his way, Although many years has passed since then, corporalpunishment still being used sometimes with hard consequences, often we
notice on television real cases of parents going too far, they are different ways that corporal punish is used, the most popular is within the family,
typically children punished by parents or guardians; within the schools when students are punished by teachers or administrators' or as part of a
criminal sentence ordered by a court of law. Corporal punishment of minors within domestic settings is lawful in all 50 states and widely approved
by parents. "They'll live, don't worry ", Stanishly the consequences of corporal punishment are vivid, a 14% of all men in prison in the USA were
abuse as children, 36% of all women in prison were abused as children and of course children who experience child abuse are 59% more likely to
be arrested as a juvenile, and 28% more likely to be arrested as an adult. On the other hand we were very fortunate that my parents had the same level
of understanding when it came to punishing us, (we were five kids growing up together), I called my sisters Nora and Veronica, to asked them if they
recalled my parents ever punishing us that way, but they told me as I remembered, our parents used discipline on a different way, even then,

Example Of Adlerian Group Therapy
Adlerian Theory and Therapy Before Adler's theory about the psychology of growth in the 1920's one widely accepted form of therapy was Freud's
psychoanalytic approach that posited physiological chemistry and sexual repression were the causes of neurosis. Freud's psychoanalytic methodology
was long and tedious, and focused more on the person as an individual outside and apart from society rather than being within it. Conversely, Adler
contended that all people are born into a group (family) and therefore should be treated accordingly. Moreover, Adler postulated "that fundamentally
humans all have a need to belong" (Ferguson, 2010, p. 1). This led to developing an approach that dealt with people on a holistic level which included
not only treating the person as an individual, but to treat them as members of something greater than themselves (society). Adler's group approach is
utilized in "both prison and child guidance populations" (Gladding, 2016, p. 382), the workplace (Ferguson, 2006a, p. 80), schools, and with families.
The effectiveness from Adlerian group therapy derives from the social identifiable conflicts that all people endure. Moreover, in a group setting the
individual is faced with multiple interactions among other group members concerning their behavior and thought process via feedback and by being
challenged publicly to identify and adjust any illogical or irrational thoughts and beliefs. Naturally, Adlerian group therapy operates from the

Joseph Pratt Group Therapy
To begin with group therapy is a therapeutic intervention based on environmental and emotional conflicts affecting a person wellbeing. Not to mention,
a method for solving emotional and behavioral functions of human interpersonal relationships. By the same token, group therapy helps individuals
develop a sense of satisfaction pointing out functional relationships with one or more persons. To clairify, ways to help people behave in structured
groups as a method for diminishing feelings of isolation. Second, group therapy is not a long–term resolution it is a short–term resolution with the
probability to connect the dots the feeling of belonging. Nevertheless, group thearpy is an unique part of human contact and human experiences for
participatant. With this in mind, it helps people struggling with being alone and their problems. Also, provides extra support to help theindividual get
through, with support, understanding, and caring individuals requiring a safety before they reveal their truth.
Third, Joseph Pratt introduced group therapy, with patients suffering from tuberculosis, the leading cause of death in the 1900's. Granted, Mr. Pratt
focus was to find a way where his methods aligned patients with the same type of illness and supportive measures, relating to all their problems and
issues from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With this in mind, group therapy, helps one see the mirror reflection of themselves. Point overlooked, sometimes truth from others, reveal denial and
the fear of rejection human beings obsolete or rum from. In short, conquering demons and vices ia hard task in itself, however, asking for help is the
first step and working through trials and tribulations with others on same path in a group therapeutic setting, change will come if individuals put their
best foot foward, and find the strength to work hard and change for the better in

A Brief Note On The Smoking Cessation Program
In the smoking cessation program, nurses play an active role to increase the health literacy of clients and encourage them to quit smoking by using the
appropriate brief interventions. Brief interventions are customized pretreatment tool, which effectively improve the clients' health literacy and increase
their motivation to stop smoking (World Health Organisation, 2003, p. 4). To tailor the appropriate behavior modification interventions and increase the
likelihood of quit quitting, Stages of Change model is widely used to identify the client's stage of change process (Koyun & EroДџlu b, 2013, p. 131).
To gain further understanding of how a nurse can improve health literacy and health outcomes of smokers by using Stage of Change Model, ... Show
Department of Health and Human Services, 2014, p. 1–3). There are at least 60 chemicals found to cause numerous of cancersпјЊincluding, but not
limited to, lung, blood, Oropharynx and Esophagus (State Government of Victoria, 2014). A study, which followed 387 persons for 25 years to study
the cumulative effect of smoking on the functional ability at age 75, found that in addition to significantly reduce the life expectancy, smoking
increases the risk of disablements late in life of the smokers (StГёvring, Avlund, Schultz–Larsen, & Schroll, 2004, p. 298–300). Tobacco use affects
both smokers and non–smokers. Children and pregnant women are the most vulnerable (State Government of Victoria, 2014). Passive smoking causes
many adverse effects on their health even they do not smoke. It increases the risk of cardiovascular, pulmonary and neoplastic diseases in children, such
as asthma, lung infections and heart diseases. For the pregnant women, it increases the occurrence of sudden infant death syndrome, miscarriage and
stillbirth (State Government of Victoria, 2014).
In Australia, tobacco is the largest single preventable cause of diseases and death (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2013). According to the National
drug strategy household survey 2013, the prevalence of daily smoking in Australian population over 14

Adlerian Psychotherapy: an Overview of Theory and Practice
Abstract Understand, interpret, direct. This statement is an oversimplification of sorts, but defines the essence of Adlerian psychotherapy. From this
minimal overview of Adlerian theory, we can begin to elaborate and explore the intricacies of individual psychology. Adlerians are concerned with
understanding the unique and private beliefs and strategies of the individual (private logic and mistaken notions) that we create in childhood, and
which serve as a reference for attitudes, private views of self, others and the world, and behavior (lifestyle). Therapeutic work with clients involves
short–term and intensive work to increase social interest, to encourage a greater sense of responsibility for behavior, and to support behavioral... Show
On the other hand, if the strivings are for the purpose of overcoming life's problems, the individual is engaged in the striving for self–realization, in
contribution to humanity and in making the world a better place to live" (Mosak, 1995, p. 53). Concept of Intervention Like all therapies it is
assumed that the individual's present way of living may accord safety but not happiness, and because there are not any guarantees in life, one must risk
some В‘safety' for the possibility of greater happiness and self–fulfillment. How each therapy goes about moving the client from a place of В‘safety' to
a place of relative В‘risk taking' may differ. Adlerian psychology addresses the complete range of human experience, from optimal to pathological, and
sees the В‘therapeutic' relationship as a friendly one between equals (Stein, 1996). At the foundation of Adlerian theory and practice is an optimism
about human nature and the premise that the primacy of a feeling of community (connectedness) is an index and goal of mental health (Stein, 1996).
The process (intervention) is really one of life–style investigation. The therapist tries to understand the patients life–style, how the individual engages
his life, and how that life–style affects the client's current functioning. The goal of treatment is not merely symptom relief, but the adoption of a
contributing way of living (Stein, 1996). Adlerians view pain and suffering in a

Television In Movies And Television : The Power Of Television
The idea that television would become so ubiquitous most American homes would have multiple home televisions was unimaginable in 1946, but by
1951, "fifty five percent of New York theaters had closed and a new era of entertainment had overtaken Hollywood" (Annenberg, 05:12).
With the Hollywood monopoly on screen entertainment over, a new wave of creativity sparked a crossover effect that would enhance both movies and
television, something that continues today. Television's infancy was fast paced and spontaneous, with stars, producers, writers and cameramen all
learning while doing during televisions early live broadcasts. Those same artists would also turn to Hollywood movies and vice versa once film broke
through to television, ending live broadcasts. Film critic Charles Chamblin notes "You had a curious hesitation in the leadership of the film industry,
and I think they really didn't quite know how to cope with television" (Annenberg, 23:45). The studios used a variety of tactics to combat television
and lure people back to the movies, some pretty outlandish. More publicity as well as gimmicks such as 3–D, Smell–O–Vision and Psychodrama, were
utilized, and as Gene Siskal put it, "it was a carny show effect, to offer what the audience could not get at home" (Annenberg, 26:00). And larger was
better, with Cinemascope and Vista Vision and sumptuous color by Deluxe, which all worked for a while, but the convenience of TV and the quality
of the stories could not be overcome by

Peter Shaffer's 'Psychodrama Equus'
Peter Shaffer's psychodrama Equus explores themes such as love, worship, and marriage throughout the text. Dysart's dialogue with Hesther in scene
18 reveals Dysart's feeling of entrapment simply on a marital level, whilst also highlighting his perception of Alan as changing his viewpoints on issues.
Shaffer's exploration of marriage starts at the beginning of Scene 18, when Hester asks Dysart "Do you understand her?" which Dysart replies with:
"No. Obviously I never did". Dysart's chosen use of "obviously", rather than just "I never did" in the sentence, shows Dysart's acceptance, and perhaps
reluctance, that he has never fully "understood" his wife. Furthermore, the blunt, declarative, and short sentence comprised of simply "No." allows ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
His wish for "One instinctive, absolutely unbrisk person I could take to Greece". Dysart's use of an impersonal pronoun means it is unclear at first
whom Dysart is referring to, though it could perhaps implied to be Hesther. Indeed, his wish for someone who could be considered "unbrisk", a
word coined by Dysart that is meant to be an antonym of "brisk" perhaps reveals a desire for a person with a slower, more learned appreciation of
classical culture. Dysart goes on to verbalize with Hesther his jealousy towards Alan, who manages to live for "lone hour every three weeks."
Furthermore, Dysart's quotation in this paraphrase to "Worship as many as you can see– and more will appear!" stresses the importance of worship,
however he does not define it as merely the worship of a deity, but of naturalistic objects. The use of a modal auxiliary verb in "can" also implies that
Dysart understands that a person is not able to fully see Ancient Greek relics as he is, but, potentially, a person such as Alan still could do so. Indeed,
Dysart's fear that if he had a son, he would be "utterly worshipless" seems to subconsciously reflect on his treatment of Alan; his encouragement
towards Alan to speak about his feelings towards horses shows his fear that Alan will be without worship, though his understanding that Alan's
quasi–fanatical devotion towards horses is wrong is also shown. The idea that "more will appear!" also shows Dysart's

Psychodrama
PSYCHODRAMA
I. Defining Psychodrama
– Founded by Dr. Jacob Levy Moreno
– Which means It means full psycho–realization
– It is a technique for expressing difficult emotions and facing deep conflicts by having group participants enact significant life events. It is a method to
externally express the internal psyche and work with a person's representation of the past, present, and future in the current moment.
– Dr. Moreno defined psychodrama as "the science which explores 'the truth' by dramatic methods". Moreno emphasized that the main goal of
psychodrama was to help clients discover their inner truth, express repressed reВ·pressed adj. Being subjected to or characterized by ... Show more
The whole psycho–dramatic process is designed to bring a person into the experience of the authentic state of being. When there, spontaneity is
released, and creative choices are made for bettering one's life.
III. Therapeutic Goals
Moreno: A truly therapeutic procedure cannot have less an objective than the whole of mankind
Moreno's expansive goals are concerned with all aspects of living and the maximizing of human potential: "Psychodrama enables the client to build
a bridge beyond the roles he plays in his daily existence, to surpass and transcend the reality of life as he lives it, to get into a deeper relationship
with existence, to come as close as possible to the highest form of encounter of which he is capable". The focus is wider than symptom relief,
extending towards full experience and relish of life. IV. Therapeutic Technique
3 Phases:
WARM–UP is designed to produce atmosphere of creative possibility. This phase is concerned with establishing connections, building cohesiveness and
increasing spontaneity. At this phase issues and concerns central to the group emerge and a protagonists is chosen. The client may be chosen by the
group, by the leader or by oneself. The group becomes the safe container, the womb within which a child is warmed up to the ultimate spontaneous act

of birth.
ACTION: The protagonist steps on the stage to take action on his

Adlerian Psychotherapy Essay

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