Summary Of West Of Myself By Debora Greger

Summary Of West Of Myself By Debora Greger
Among the various structural and thematic elements, Debora Greger's "West of Myself" provides a sense of nostalgia and reminiscence of the
past. The poem illustrates how life and memory are not so easily remembered or taken. The speaker of the poem is dramatizing her inner conflict
and chastising herself for the direction her life has taken and where she believes it will befall. The compelling force for the creation of the work
might have been to express memories of living a life and reflection, looking at life from hindsight. The poem reveals where she once thought the right
way in life was to go and where she now thinks the right way would have been. Equally essential as the narrative in poetic writing is the overall effect
of language structure and description. Although there is no distinct rhythm or rhyme to this poem, it is through language and structure that the text is
made inviting. In the blank verse, "Why are you still seventeen.../ dragging a shadow you've found?" (1), this metaphor for a borrowed lifestyle
facilitates a feeling of lost identity and nostalgia for the past. By incorporating such language, and by choosing a self–proclaimed rhetorical question,
the speaker adds to the effect of personal obscurity. An immense component of the entire poem are the combined stanzas: "that's not the road you want,
/ though you have it to yourself." This emulates the feeling of regret. In continuation of the metaphorical self–evaluation of the poem, it supports the
idea
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Arthur Asa Berger's Analysis of Cheers Essay
"Cheers" – A Semiotic Analysis by Berger
In Arthur Asa Berger's essay, he conducts a semiotic analysis of the comedy television show "Cheers." In his analysis of the show he points out many
characteristics that refer to semiotics. Even though one could not agree with all of his findings, many of them are reasonable. One discrepancy
someone might have with his ideas is that he applies his analysis to simply one episode rather than the entire series. Berger could have been able to
conduct a more thorough examination if he used the whole series as a basis for his semiotic analysis. There are many examples Berger uses to explain
his point. One such example Berger uses is the instance about the signs. He states that there is more ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Either way one sees it, both meanings apply to the plot of the show. This is what Berger is trying to explain in his semiotic analysis. Another example
Berger uses is the example about the names of the cast of the television show, "Cheers';. Berger states that there is a definite meaning behind every
character's name in the show. For example, the character named "Coach'; is an absent–minded character that can't even remember his own name. The
real meaning of the word "coach'; is a mentor or a teacher. This is not a very good argument used by Berger because any name could be made to have
different meanings. One of the final examples Berger uses is the example about opposition. In this example, Berger explains how the writer of the
television show used the personalities of the different characters to make them opposite. If looked into carefully the characters in the show have
opposite personalities. Berger compares the identities of Diane and Carla, two of the cast members of the show. After conducting a semiotic analysis
of the identities of both of the women, Berger found that the two women have almost total opposite personalities and interests. This example was
presented very well by Berger, and was fully analyzed in detail. In this essay, Berger does a wonderful job in conducting a semiotic analysis of the
television show, "Cheers';. One might not agree with all

Investigating Potential Differences That May Be Caused By...
disregarding examining potential differences that may be caused by the structure of language.
For example, several studies have examined the behavioral effects of morphological frequency across Dutch (Schrueder & Baayen 1997; de Jong, et
al., 2000; Bertram, et al., 2000), English (Feldman and Pastizzo, 2003; Baayen et al., 2007), Hebrew (Moscoso del Prado MartВґД±n et al. 2005), and
Finnish (Moscoso del Prado MartВґД±n et al. 2004). Similar types of analyses exist regarding morphological decomposition (e.g., early vs. late
morphological processing, form–then–meaning vs. semantically driven morphological processing) in English (e.g., Rastle & Davis 2003; 2000;
Feldman & Soltano, 1999; Feldman et al., 2009; Gold & Rastle 2007), Dutch (e.g., Dienpendaele et al., 2005), Russian (Kazanina, 2011), Serbian
(Feldman et al., 2012), French (Logntin et al., 2003), and Spanish (Dunabetia et al., 2011; Dunabetia et al., 2007). Turning to the neurocognitive and
neurobiological impacts of language structure on morphological processing, there are also examinations of processing across languages such as
English (Gold and Rastle, 2007; Vannest and York, 2005; Vannest et al., 2010), Hebrew (Bick et al., 2008; Bick, Goelman, and Frost, 2011), and
Chinese (Zou et al, 2015).
However, relatively fewer studies focus on direct comparisons of effects between languages, looking specifically at differences in effects that may arise
due to differential morphological structure, such as in English and

A Closer Look At I.a. Richards
A Closer Look at I.A. Richards' and Semantic Triangle Theory
I.A. Richards said, "Language, if it is to be used, must be a ready instrument" (Russo, 2015). He thrived off of his need to understand the use of
language and it is a common and recurring theme throughout his work. Richards was a teacher, philosopher, poet, prolific speaker, lover of books and
words themselves (Russo, 2015). A complex man who led a complicated life, Richards ultimately facilitated a way to better understand the intricate
process of how words gain meaning (Golden, Berquist, Coleman, Sproule, 2010). Through examining the semantic triangle theory, a student can
understand how to become an efficient communicator. Discussed below is a basic introduction to Richards,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Richards") In 1939, he began teaching English at Harvard and stayed taught there for a quarter of a century ("I.A. Richards). He died in 1979, but he
will never be forgotten, for he has made an everlasting impact on the studies of linguistics and rhetoric ("I.A. Richards).
What is the Semantic Triangle? According to The Theory of Western Thought, "The best known rhetorical device developed inThe Meaning of Meaning
is perhaps the 'semantic triangle'" (Golden, Berquist, Coleman, Sproule, 2010, pg. 265). Ogden and Richards determined that people generally see
words as "things in reality" therefore "we confuse the symbol or word with the 'thing' or object in reality'" (Golden, Berquist, Coleman, Sproule,
2010). For example, the word FAN would literally be perpetually twirling propellers to produce wind. Of course, one intellectually understands that
the object and the word are not the same thing, however, while humans communicate, as Ogden and Richards argue, we tend to make a "necessary
connection" between the word and the reality of the object, which they refer to as the referent (Golden, Berquist, Coleman, Sproule, 2010). Simply
put, our experience with a word or object, is parallel to our basic understanding of the object we use the word to refer to.

The Basic Achievements Of The Human Race
The language is one of the fundamental achievements of the human race. Its role in the appropriation of culture and incorporation of the individual to
society, is a key instrument of the educational process. Its essence is to express ideas, needs, experiences and feelings through the written and spoken
word, gestures, attitudes and behaviors. It is precisely through language that the child is inserted in the world and they are different from it. As in
development go by an individual and affective function to fulfil an eminently social and cognitive function. Through both oral and written language, the
children can express their feelings and explain their reactions to others, know different points of view and learn values and norms. They can also direct
and reorganize their thoughts, control their behavior. Thus, favoring an increasingly conscious learning.
If we stop to observe young children, we will realize that their behavior is guided by curiosity. They want to discover everything that surrounds them.
Children are like sponges that absorbing all the information that they receive and will accompany them for the rest of their life. As teachers, a strategy
that can be used to promote the skills that will help them to build a good foundation for the communication and language, is to be aware of items that
capture their curiosity, attention, and to syntonize with them (Promote the language according to the interests of the child). Both parents and teachers
can take advantage

William Cronon The Trouble With Wilderness Summary
According to William Cronon's "The Trouble with Wilderness", the main concerns with the wilderness term being humanly constructed and lack of
concern with the local environments. Cronon emphasize much of the historical and philological meanings of wilderness as a human construct via
spiritual and religious perspectives. He desired for people stop putting so much emphasis on the above and beyond that is out of our reach and
focus on the present. He pushed this into the idea of one should start putting emphasis and care into one's own environment rather than just focusing
on environments beyond the local one. He believes change should start locally. I agree with his concern of people always looking to help those not
local to them, and they do tend to not realize the help they can do locally as well. This concern easily applies to public health, where many seek to
go overseas when they fail to realize how much help is needed locally or nationally. I also agree with how historically, people have changed their
views on nature and the wilderness as this was often discussed in art history. However, I find that his view on the wilderness connotations are quite
subjective. He viewed "wilderness" through human eyes as it is a culture we created and that we seek to conserve nature for selfish reasons to satisfy
our romantic ideals: whether it be recreational sites, religious icons, spiritual healing, masculinity ideals, a place of paradise and escape, primitive
ideals or for the

The Allusions Of Allusions In I Am A Cripple
Allusions in "I Am a Cripple"
Disabled. Disabled is a word commonly defined as being physically or mentally impaired, injured, or incapacitated (dictionary.com). There's a stigma
over the word disabled with its negative connotation. Nancy Mairs, author of "I Am a Cripple, dislikes this word because she thinks that the English
language incorporates too many euphemism in our speech. Mairs wants people to use more straightforward language, even if it might be offensive to
others. In " I Am a Cripple", Mairs eloprates on how she became disabled from the disease multiple sclerosis or (M.S). M.S., a disease that attacks the
central nervous system and often disables or cripples the person who has this disease. To describe her first symptoms of M.S.(infinitivephrase) Mairs
flashbacks to when she was in college. Also how some days she wishes she was not disabled. Allusions in Nancy Mairs's "I Am a Cripple" provide
a deeper understanding of her complex feelings of having M.S. In " I Am a Cripple" Nancy Mairs uses allusions to share her thoughts on her
condition. Mairs begins her essay by articulating how she strongly dislikes the word disabled to describe her. She explains how her word cripple is
favorable to her be cause " It has an honorable history, having made its first appearance in the Lindisfarne Gospel" (Mairs). This word appears around
700 C.E in the Lindisfarne Gospel written to honor God, in the faith Christianity (Appositive Phrase). She gravitates towards this word

Semantic Differential Scale to Assess the Public Image of...
1. Introduction It is well known that human society cannot evolve or exist in the absence of a general and a coherent structure. In this context, Police
plays a central role, operating as a rule of law institution. Thus, as the basic element of the criminal justice system, Police is responsible for enforcing
the law by democratic methods, primarily involving close cooperation with the public, respect for individual rights and constitutional guarantees, and
the resort to force in as little. Therefore, in a society which has become increasingly more complex, the role of the police tends to be versatile, so that
the outcomes, or in other words, its effectiveness, ultimately depend on a wide range of factors. Special attention is... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Semantic Differential Scale (SDS), introduced in behavioral sciences by Osgood and his associates (Osgood, Suci & Tannenbaum, 1957), is a
very general technique of measurement, that has to be adapted to each research context, depending on the goals and aims of the study (Verhagen &
Meents, 2007). The original form proposed by Osgood et. al (1957) was structured on three dimensions: Evaluation, Potency and Activity, and has been
confirmed by previous pan–cultural studies (eg. Heise, 1970; Jakobovits, 1966; Osgood, May & Miron, 1975, etc.). Evaluation relates to goodness or
badness, morality, utility, etc., Potency to magnitude, social power, strength, expansiveness, etc., whereas Activity relates to speed, animation,
spontaneity, etc. (Heise, 2010). Although it was frequently used to measure attitudes (Osgood et al., 1957) or meaning of concepts (Doyle &
Bottomley, 2010; Mindak, 1961), SDS has proven useful in many areas, including in the assessment of organizational image (de ex. Bonner &
George, 1988; Van Heerden & Puth, 1995). In order to measure the meaning of the concept, the semantic differentiator usually uses a five or seven
points scale, based on a list of bipolar paired terms, with opposite meaning. According to their disposition, attitude or image of the assessed construct,
for each contrasting pair respondents select a point on the interval. Each interval is expressed by

Language Is A Method Of Human Communication
Language is a method of human communication, one of the most important things all humans have in common. In Dillon's Grammar Repair
textbook, she mentions that language is power and those who can exercise its power "possess a greater share of life's privileges across the board"
(1). Language greatly defines the person and how they are deceived by others. In the essays "Mother Tongue," "The Meanings of a Word," and "But
What Do You Mean?"language is depicted as a controller of our lives in the workplace and our community. The individual's communication methods
dominated their impressions on society. In Tan's essay, "Mother Tongue," she explains her use of mother tongue, not only as the language her
mother speaks but the language she grew up with and still uses even with her husband. Amy writes how her mother's limited English has not only
limited her mother but the way the world sees and judges her. In her essay she states that she has described her mother's language as "'broken' or
'fractured English" (Tan 264). Labeling one's English as broken can often label the speaker as incoherent and uneducated. Just like Tan's mother,
many who speak an imperfect language are often overlooked and ignored in our society. Language, although its purpose is to unite us, can very much
as well as be used to alienate an individual. It is key to establish and define our identity and our place in the world but if we are constantly excluding
people with limited English skills than we are

Summary Of The Poem Wish You Were Here
Pink Floyd's hit, Wish You Were Here has been recognized as one of the most poetic songs of its decade. With a proper analysis, Roger Waters
provides lyrics that allow you to walk away with some interesting perspectives on life's big questions. Though many would argue that the meaning of
the song is more literal and personal to the band, the universal meaning would be lost if we were to narrow our focus just on how these lyrics refer to
one situation between one set of people at one particular point in time.
Roger Waters starts off the song by posing several stacked rhetorical questions which also make use of juxtaposition. The first of which "heaven and
hell" is one of the most common juxtapositions found in literature. the speaker is framing his initial question and all the questions that follow around the
idea of telling something good from something bad. this idea echoes throughout the whole first verse with our sense of connotation and the speaker's
parallel syntax cluing us in, as to which thing is good and which is bad. That is, the image with the positive connotation always comes first and the
image with the negative connotation always comes second. Heaven, blue skies, green field and a smile are all by their nature things to be embraced.
On the other hand, hell and pain are intrinsically things to be rejected. A cold steel rail and a veil only take on a negative connotation when they are
juxtaposed with a green field and a smile. The sense of Industry and progress

Examples Of Poetic Language
Poetic language is the techniques that the poets use it to convey their message. It makes the text creativity by using the feature of it. There are three
approaches that make the texts creativity. (Carter, 1999) identify those three approach; they are cognitive approach, sociocultural approach and
inherency approach. The cognitive approach focuses on what is going on the reader's mind, sociocultural approach deeps on the social issues and how
the language effects on the social, the inherency approach focuses on the language itself. So, the poetic language linked to the inherency model because
it talks about the language, and the poem becomes more literary and creativity. To be the language and the text literary it should breaks the... Show more
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Elliot. In the first line he describes "April month" as the "cruellest" month and this adjective uses for human not for months. He presents "April" in
unorthodox manner. He uses "and" at the beginning, it is not correct in English to start with "and". Elliot uses the verb (foresuffer) which is in English
wrote "for suffers". The poet creates new words like "Shaggybeared", "Hopkins" has the "Widownmaking", uncliding and unfatehering. Also, there is a
mixing of conjunction between "summer" and "rain", "warm" and "snow", feeling with dried and tubers. There is graphological deviation and rhyme
pattern in 'wind' and 'kind' and 'z' and 'du'. The poem has a full of allusion. It makes the readers think that the poet has past experience of wholeness.
It has lacking the traditional kind of coherent as on observes fragments and allusion. The language of the poem has a lot of images, it is
disorganisation and disorderly. So, "The Burial of the Dead" breaks Paul Grice's maxims. There is ambiguity meaning and new words in it, which are
not clear. There are many of images and allusions. The poet does not achieve quality maxims. Also, it makes the reader confusion."The Burial of the
Dead" has a complex meaning and wrong comparative. All of this deviations and breaking the role of Paul Grice's maxims makes the poem more
literary and creativity, "more complex, more

Language for Teachers Task 4: Focus on the Teacher's Language
ICELT
2012–2013
The Anglo Antonio Caso
Language for Teachers Task 4:
Focus on the teacher's language
Name: Eduardo GarcГa Acevedo
Candidate number: 004
Centre Number: MX005
Date of submission: August, 30th 2013
In this paper, I analyze my language in the classroom in terms of its accuracy and appropriacy for teaching. I quote six utterances from an Elementary
level (A1) with twelve adult students who work at an investigation institute. This lesson starts with a conversation about a woman's vacation to Aspen
in order to introduce the Idiomatic Future.
1. When checking a dialog from students' book assignments, I asked a comprehension question to the whole class.
Accurate and appropriate: "What is the reason to buy two ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
5. During the grammar and semantic explanation of the target structure on the board, a student asked about the difference between Idiomatic Future
and Simple Future. I talked about the certainty or resolution that auxiliaries such as will and won't convey.
Accurate but inappropriate: "You will die."
Eventually, I conjugated this verb in the first person singular, both in Simple and Idiomatic Future. For each sentence, I provided a context illustrating
their possible function. I wanted everybody to relate to this explanation and to remember it by providing enhanced input, not by presenting the
language in a special form, but rather by providing a remarkable meaning. However relatable or remarkable these examples might be, now I think my

discourse might have seemed a little disturbing for some people. Therefore, I could have used a different subject for such contrasting sentences, such
as: "That tree will die, but it is not going to die soon."
6. I sneezed, so some students said "Salud". I modeled and wrote on the board "bless you!", then I explained the difference with "God bless you!"
Inaccurate and inappropriate: "Using the name of the Lord in vain is a sin."
Obviously, it was not my intention to preach to the students. Actually, I meant to portray the puritan heritage of English in

Andrew Blue: Learning Disabled or Genius?
Yolanda's Genius is the story of Andrew Blue, along with his mother and sister. The Blues family is previously from Chicago, Illinois and they just
recently moved to Grand River, Michigan. Andrew is seven years old and does not communicate very often with his surroundings and does not
know how to read; instead he uses a harmonica to convey language and to express his feelings. One could argue that Andrew has a learning
disability from his lack of language abilities and reading capabilities, it could also be argued that Andrew (as his sister Yolanda states) is a musical
genius. Which end of the spectrum is Andrew? Is he learning disabled, normal for his age or actually a genius? From the evidence in Yolanda's Genius
and the readings from the textbook, Child Development I have come to the premises that Andrew is in fact a genius with music but at the same time
learning disabled due to his problems with semantics, grammar, and pragmatics.
It is stated in Yolanda's Genius that Andrew took a while to talk (Fenner, 1995, p. 38) and now at seven years old tends to speak very infrequently.
Andrew might have had a delay in speech because of his family upbringing. Andrew was babysat until he was old enough to go to school and since his
father died when Andrew was a baby his mother works to support the family. Although it is not stated in the book, the babysitter could have had no
interaction with Andrew. According to Berk (2013) the social interactionist perspective involves, "native

Semantic Change: How Gay Became Homosexual
Semantic Change
Through back up questions I learnt that such semantic change was becoming more popular through the school; people see that if homosexuality has
become more accepted into today's society they have no need to put a label on homosexuality. Therefore the word gay is losing its original meaning
and connection to the word homosexuality. School also plays another part in this because it is teenagers (school pupils) who have changed the meaning
of the word gay, it was first seen as an insult. But the word has been so overused that it has lost its original meaning. In the majority of schools where
pupils aged 15–18 and possibly even younger call each other gay it was here that the word gay was popularised with students first using it as an
insult. Being gay was seen as being bad, so it picked up this derogative term but as time processed and the semantic change also, it transformed into
having an overall meaning that something is stupid. An example of this would be that in my questionnaire I was given "school" as something which is
gay. If we used the definition of a homosexual man this would make no sense but because of the semantic change this definition has completely
changed meaning anything this person didn't like could be gay.
It is not just in school that the word gay had been used. Radio and television shows although rarely are using the word gay to define something which
is lame or rubbish. One example is Chris Moyles, a former DJ on BBC Radio 1, he

Semantic And Semantics
1.1. Statement of the problem.
English is the language commonly used in the world. In the trend of globalization today, the importance of English can't be denied and ignored
because it is widely used everywhere in the world. If learners want to learn better English, they not only develop skills: listening, speaking, reading,
writing, but also should have knowledge of grammar and semantics.
One of the factors to learn good English that is semantics. Semantics helps the students to understand the basic concepts of meaning of the words,
sentences and utterance. Understanding the meaning of the language is important in learning a language. Semantic roles decide the meaning of the
words and sentences.
However, in the elements of the English language, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Then, I will give some methods and exercises to help the learners to improve understanding the meaning of sentences through semantic roles. As a
result, they will have a positive view about semantic and learn semantic better.
1.2. Objectives of the study
To find out to what extent the students understand the meaning of sentences through semantic roles.
Some methods to help the learners to improve understanding the meaning of sentences through semantic roles. 1.3. Significance of the study 1.4.
Outline of study
This research contains five chapters: Chapter 1 : INTRODUCTION.
This chapter establishes the rationale of the study, the aims of the study, the significance of the study, and the outline of the study.
Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.
This chapter consist of three sections:
Section 1: shows about definition of semantic roles
Section 2: shows about significance of semantic roles
Section 3: introduces the kinds of semantic roles
Section 4: shows some methods to help the learners to improve understanding the meaning of sentences through semantic roles
Chapter 3:

The Hierarchy Network Model For The Organization Of...
Experiment 1
Experiment 1 is a partial–conceptual replication of Collins and Quillian's (1969) study on the hierarchy network model for the organization of
semantic memory. The purpose of experiment 1 was to test Collins and Quillian's hypothesis stating that response time for category searching should
be slower as a function of an increasing number of levels separating a category subject and it's predicate term on the semantic hierarchy model. We use
the same basic procedure as Collins and Quillian's experiment, except that we utilize a single category for predicate terms as opposed to multiple
categories at level 2 of the semantic hierarchy model.
Method
Participants and Apparatus. 23 NYU students, taking lab in human cognition, received course credit for their participation in the experiment. The
experiment was administered on standard PC's or Macintosh computers over a single class period.
Design and Stimuli. The experiment was run using a within–subject design, and consisted of one independent variable. The independent variable is the
number of levels in the hierarchy separating the subject and predicate terms. There are three levels of the independent variable – 0 levels of separation,
1 level of separation, and 2 levels of separation. The type of sentence stimulus presented to subjects, whether it was defined by a "property" or a
"superset", was an additional factor taken into account when analyzing the data. Stimuli consisted of 144 TRUE and FALSE sentences

Essay On Indonesie Analysis
LITERATURE REVIEW
Theories included in the research were theory of representation, Barthes semiotics, BГјhler Organon model, theory of advertisement discourse, and
critical discourse analysis theory. Theory of representation is crucial here because the fundamental aim of the research is to look at how Indonesia
is represented in the tourism advertisement to be further analyzed and criticized. Representation is one of central practices in a process named by du
Gay, Hall et al. as the 'circuit of culture'. Representation is furthermore defined by Hall as "an essential part of the process by which meaning is
produced and exchanged between members of a culture" (Hall, 1997). Hall also defined it as the use of language to deliver or communicate something
with meanings to other people. Similar to Hall, Gilles and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to Fairclough (1995), critical discourse analysis is discourse analysis which aims to systematically observe causality between discourse
practice and wider socio–cultural structure. Besides, it also aims to seek how the relation is influenced and how the ideology is formed by power in
society (p.132). In short, a result of a critical discourse analysis exposes an implicit message or meaning beneath a discourse. In this research, the
implicit meaning is how Indonesia is represented in a tourism advertisement. In critical discourse analysis, there are theorists who have focused and
systematic frameworks on genre and socio–semantic representation within a discourse, but there are also those who combine various kinds of research
methodologies (Blommaert & Bulcaen, 2008). In this research, the method utilized is communicative event analysis, which is part of Norman
Fairclough's critical discourse analysis framework. Communicative event analysis observes a discourse as a social practice which is composed of three
dimensions: text, discourse practice, and social

Questions On Evaluating A Customer Profile Essay
Exam 1 Questions 1.You have been charged with determing how to attract more customer to your project client. Describe the Marekting Research
steps (8) you would take to (based on Exhibit 3.2, Not 3.1). Make sure you answer in the specific context of your project. A.Identification of the
Problem and the Staement of the Research Objectives a.Client had indicated that customer traffic is low. b.Our objectives are to determine wheater
the reason behind the low customer traffic is due to location,lack of brand awareness, prices or competition. c.Our hypothesis is that if there is an
increased awareness of the client's location and brand, then our client will attract more customers. B.Creation of the Research Design a.There are
two possibile research designs: descriptive or casual research studies. b.Our goals involve building a customer profile, describing the population and
confirming theories and so we will use descriptive research studies. C.Choosing a Research Method a.We will be using a survey in order to obtain
opinions and attitudes about our client's products and locations. We will also collect information regarding customer demographics. D.Sampling
Procedure a.We will conduct our survey with probability sampling size of 100. E.Collecting the Data a.Our client will give out a paper and pen survey
with no interviewer present. F.Data Collection a.Probability sampling will be conducted in our survey. G.Analysis of the Data a.Data will be input,

The Importance Of Language In Communication
Language has an array of layers that generate and promote a vast degree of social and cultural interactions, contributing to the communications of
humans in each aspect of their lives. As Vyvyan Evans (2014) states 'language is central to our lives, and is arguably the cultural tool that sets humans,
us, apart from any other species'. (p.1)
Language has an indefinite list of rules, conventions and ideas that come together to create communications among humans across the world. When
described, language can be defined as an object by it's various definitions which include the functions of language, material forms, language as a
system, social semiotics, language variations and syntax in sentences among adults and children.
The functions of language can be easily described as the 'use' of language for a range of different reasons in order to talk, write, listen, read. (Halliday,
1985, p.1). These functions may be for personal, interpersonal, directive, referential and imaginative reasons. Personal may be expression of ones
feelings, thoughts and ideas. Interpersonal would include discussion, social chat and sharing ideas or concerns, which may possibly occur in a work
place or in general situations. Directive might be to influence the actions of others, which might occur in leadership roles. Referential is reporting
actions or events. Finally, imaginative encompasses storytelling and problem solving. Theorists including Malinowski, Buhler, Britton and Morris
categorised the

Using Semantic Interference Effect On Comprehension And...
Rationale Being able to understand language and speak is quick and simple, however some slip ups can occur in our language system in normal
processes. This usually happens in comprehension and production, where some errors are semantically linked to the intended word you'd want to say,
such as saying or understanding "cat" when what you intentionally wanted to say was "dog" This type of semantic interference effect would suggest
that the processing stage that's involved in comprehension and language production can overlap to a certain extent. In spite of there being similarities
in semantic interferences in word picture matching and picture–naming tasks, the main point of the interferences shows attributes to the semantic
language system, in word picture matching and the lexical language system in naming. Even though both of these tasks associate with the approach to
the shared semantic representation, the degree of where one of the interference arises is still to be made clear, reason being is that the effects are
usually measure alone. This is why I shall be investigating these interferences. For the word picture matching task the confirmation from other
researches conducted have shown that the interferences emerges with the actual semantic system (Warrington and McCarthy, 1983, 1987; Warrington
and Cipolotti, 1996; Forde and Humphreys, 1997, 2007; Gotts and Plaut, 2002; Campanella and Shallice, 2011). However for picture–naming task the
evidence from previous

Scaling Techniques
SCALING TECHNIQUES Learning Objectives Concept of Measurement and Scaling Different Scales in Measurement and their properties
Introduction of different type of scaling Techniques Comparative , non comparative Continuous ,Special Rating scales Mathematically derived
scales How to Choose a scale Concepts Why do we do scaling? The most common reason for doing scaling is for scoring purposes. When a
participant gives their responses to a set of items, we often would like to assign a single number that represents that's person's overall attitude or
belief. Scaling Scaling can be done in two ways: To make a judgment about some characteristics of an individual and then placing them directly on a
scale. To... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Eg. How Imp the attributes of a detergent i.e price, fragrance, Packaging, cleansing powder are to the customer. Constant Sum Scale Respondents
might be asked to decide a constant sum(100) for washing powder AttributesNo. of Points Price50 Fragrance15 Packaging5 Cleaning Power30
From the above table, the price of the detergent is most important attribute for the customers followed by cleaning Powder. Constant Sum Scale
Advantages Fine discrimination Less time Sometimes treated as metric as they have absolute zero. Disadvantages Respondents may allocate extra
or fewer units(108 or 95) Rounding error in too few units Cumbersome, confusing if large o of units Paired Comparison scale In this method, a
respondent is asked to compare two objects at a time according to some criteria such as overall performances, taste, style etc. E.g. comparison of
verka ice creams taste with Mother Dairy ice cream. When there are two or more stimuli to judge, the no. of judgments required in paired comparison
is given as N= n(n–1)/2 where N is no. of Judgments n= Number of stimuli or objects to be judged. Paired Comparison In this the respondent is
presented with two objects at a time and asked to select one object. Eg Coke, Pepsi, Sprite, Limca We have 4 items to be compared i.e. n(n–1)/2 is
used. No. of Judgments = 6 Coke & Pepsi Coke & Sprite Coke & Limca Pepsi

Analysis Of My Papa's Waltz
While the subject of the poem,"My Papa's Waltz" by Theodore Roethke has spurred passionate academic debate from professors, scholars, and students
alike, the imagery, syntax, and diction of the poem clearly support the interpretation that Roethke writes "My Papa's Waltz" with purposeful ambiguity
in order to express his own internal "coming to terms" with the nostalgic memory of the father he loves and lost at a young age. The intentional
ambiguity of the poem between fond and abusive memories becomes clear as one examines the diction closely. Although diction is the most
prevalent, imagery and syntax still play a key role. Imagery in the poem portrays a picture with relative meaning; however, it depends on what the
reader wants to imagine. Lastly, the context or history of the tragic deaths that the author had to endure at such a young age gave the poem a sinister
and or dark tone on the surface, until the reader digs deeper.
Admittedly, Roethke's word choice vacillates between negative and positive connotations in order to exemplify an ambivalence between a fond
memory and an abusive one. Words like "romped" and "waltzing" may have a positive denotation when one looks at a dictionary; yet, the poem
proceeds to describe the "countenance" of the mother that "could not unfrown itself." One can see from this that the "romping" and "waltzing"
displeases the mother character in the poem, so that implies that what is going on is not enjoyable. One can then argue that it is

Objectification Is A Word That Has Many Negative Connotations
Objectification is a word that has many negative connotations. Nussbaum identifies objectification "as a pejorative term, connoting a way of speaking,
thinking, and acting that the speaker finds morally or socially objectionable, usually, though not always, in the sexual realm." Nussbaum's definition is
vague, like many of her other works, and places the connotation of the word itself into the "speaker's" own hands. While it is good to allow wiggle
room for concepts, an act which allows them to be more universal for the general public as a whole, because of the long–standing connotations
associated with objectification, I believe that the word itself already implies something "morally or socially objectionable," and the speaker's own ...
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I am not trying to make Nussbaum seem like a villain, I completely agree with the overarching subject of her paper, but claims such as "women are
depicted as beings made for sexual pleasure," are fruitless when one realizes that sexual pleasure is extremely different for women and men across the
world.
According to Nussbaum, objectification "can be used... in a more positive spirit [and] it is not only a slippery, but also a multiple, concept." While I
do not disagree with either of these claims directly, I believe that in an effort to make her understanding of the concept universal to all, Nussbaum's
ideas regarding objectification come off as somewhat robotic and lack the emotion needed when attempting to understand those who have been
objectified. Her entire seven–step system that is used to outline what is and is not objectification, seems to echo her previous work regarding the ten
capabilities, another approach I found to be too generalized and too deeply engrained in Western culture. Furthermore, much like Nussbaum's
capabilities approach, all of the examples she uses

Seven Types Of Semantics
Language was considered as the most important and well known tool for communication. Linguistics plays a vital role for the development of a
language. Linguistics was defined as scientific study of language which consists of four branches one among that was Semantics. Semantics was
defined as study of meaning and communication. This journal is mainly dealing with the Leech's seven types of meaning in Semantics.
INTRODUCTION:
"A language can be compared with a sheet of paper, thoughts is one side of the sheet and sound, the reverse side. Just as it is impossible to take a pair
of scissors and the cut one side of the without the other, so it is impossible in a language to isolate sound from thoughts and thoughts from sound."
–Ferdinand ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In other words it was the principles by which a sentences can be analyzed into its constitute parts. Here also as sentences are analyzed into its unit i.e.
word and morphemes and at the level of phonology into constitute phonemes (sound units), similarly semantics structure of sentence can also be
explained. The two principles of constituent structure represent the way language was organized. Contractiveness was the paradigmatic or selection or
'choice' aspects of linguistics structure. Constitnent structure was the syntagmatic or combinatory or 'chain' aspects of linguistics structure. Explaining
these two aspects in all the levels of language organization called phonological (sound structure), syntactic (sentence structure) semantic (meaning) was
the work of the linguists. This done by establishing, a 'phonological representation', a 'syntactic representation' and a 'semantic representation' and the
stage by which one level of representation can be derived from another. At the level of semantics representation the conceptual meaning of a sentence
will be explained in the form of semantic representation using the abstract symbols and contrastive features. This will help one to know to distinguish a
meaning of a particular sentence from all other possible sentence in the language. This representation will also match the meaning of that sentence with
its corresponding correct syntactic and phonological

Reminiscence By Elizabeth Jenning
Throughout Elizabeth Jenning's poem 'Reminiscence', she explores the changing nature of love and its transformation between childhood and
adulthood. She indulges in the purity of love that exists within the simplistic aspects of children's lives as she discusses the loss of naivety during the
ascendence into the complexities of adulthood. Demonstrating the innocence of childhood, Jenning's displays a sense of freedom associated with their
lack of anxiety and nuances. In opposition to such, adulthood is presented to confine Jennings as she deals with the concept of feeling trapped which
results in her conflicting emotions that lead to a celebratory recollection of childhood ease.
Elizabeth Jenning's concludes that childhood affection is nothing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Breaking the enjambement that symbolises the innocence of freedom, Jenning's use of a caesura after the line "did not seek to find something they
could not touch," illustrates the cruelty of matured intimacy. Jenning's exposes her struggle to bear the complicated characteristics of the love she has
grown to become familiar with as she discusses her difficulty "to whittle a pattern from the shapeless stony stuff." Her use of sibilance indicates that
she despises the bitter disappointment she experienced with love as a grown woman. The harsh repetitive sound establishes the fact that adulthood
continuously hurts her which is further reinforced by the noun "pattern." A pattern is a regular use of colour or imagery which reflects the cycle of
childhood to adulthood, a sequence of changing love that Jenning's cannot prevent. A second interpretation to such would be the evidenced idea that
Jenning's battles with the incapability to relate the soft nature of childhood love to the viciousness of adulthood. The connotations of a pattern are a
beautiful childhood drawing which she cannot create out of the brittle nature of adulthood

My Characteristics Of Myself
"Normality is a paved road. It's comfortable to walk, but no flowers grow on it." – Van Gogh
Multiple characteristics of myself that have throughout my life have shaped me into the person that I am today. One of them is my intelligence
which, while not on some ridiculously high level, is something that I have grown to value as I considered myself a person of great perception, being a
young man who appreciates logic and mathematical thinking, possesses a desire to look for the hidden truth behind webs of contradictions
/inconsistencies, love analyzing details and piecing together information, as well as using creativity to solve problems and puzzles. Another trait of
mine that is the main focus of this essay is none other my eccentricity, which may be correlated to my intelligence.
I'm what some have labeled me as a "weirdo", which I've learned has both positive and negative connotations, and usually the negative connotation
applied to me. I'm an introverted and quiet person who, although doesn't mind socializing a bit from time to time with people that I'm comfortable
with, prefers to be by himself and do his own thing. When I am interacting with others, which is not a usual thing, I come off as awkward and
uncomfortable. Even by my loneself I'm still perform eccentric habits and quirky movements. Always bottling up my complex emotions and deep
thoughts, I've faced hardships in expressing them to others in a way that can being understood. The only situation where I feel like I can truly express
myself to others is through texting, in other words not face–to–face (I'm a textrovert). In addition, I'm what I considered myself as a nefelibata, a term
most people don't know the meaning of: a cloud walker or one who lives in the cloud of their own imagination or dreams. My mind spend most of
its time wandering around in the land of . not abiding by the precepts of society. In fact, regardless of how I depict myself to others, anyone who
observe my actions can see the truth as plain as day; I'm nothing more than an unconventional, unorthodox person. Of course, not everyone would like
an outlandish person such as myself, and soon did I also dislike a part of myself.
The notion that I was something bizarre and

Language Development : An Example Of Telegraphic Speech
Language development is a huge step in a child's life. For parents it's a build block that shows growth within their child. When language begins to
develop it allows us to finally "get to know" the child. Before language development, parents had to guess or find ways of knowing what their child
wanted or needed. However, during and after language development the child is able to express what they need, and attention. For my field project I
collected data by walking around my family's farm with my nephews and my niece. The ages of my nephews and my niece are 3, 4, 5, 5, 9, and 12.
During this walk I picked up telegraphic speech, holophrases, referential style, pragmatics and expressive style. Telegraphic speech is when simple
words are forgotten in a phrase (Feldman 162). Telegraphic speech is often compared to writing a telegram because you payed for eachword in the
telegram. Since the word amount was limited for most they took out simple words. An example of telegraphic speech that I found was "I'm not
going!" which was said by my 3 year old niece. It makes sense that she would using telegraphic speech during her age because she is still figuring
out how to form sentences and building her vocabulary. I would expect her to us telegraphic speech because she is in the age range that children
begin to use telegraphic speech. The next I found was holophrases. Holophrases are when a child uses one word for a whole phrase (Feldman 161).
My niece used holophrases when she was

The Descriptive and Symbolic Conceptions in Social Studies
1)Symbolic forms are of vital importance in the social studies not only as an object and/or occurrence, whether naturally occurring or not, but it is also
of significance in the socio–contextual situation in which it is received. These symbolic forms can appear as actions and expressions, conversations, a
variety of artifacts– artifact being defined as an object made by a human being, typically holds cultural or historical significance – and texts.
(Thompson, 1990, pg. 122) (http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/artefact) Everyone makes use of these symbolic forms on a daily
basis to express themselves and their emotions in any variety of ways, while conforming to commonly accepted means of expression within that
individuals' society. By interpreting the reaction they evoke, they develop an understanding of the connotations associated with the symbols. Once
they have learned the social context of the symbols they further their knowledge of each social background and its construct. For example the symbol
of a crucifix and of a red rose are both simple items, with individual associations under different contextual situations which determine what relevance
that item holds. The crucifix is an artifact holding religious significance, whereas a red rose is a naturally occurring object which has been assigned its
association with love within specific societies. The associations attached to symbols is entirely dependent on its socio–cultural context in which it is

Patrick Henry Speech Summary
On March 23, 1775, Patrick Henry, one of the crucial motivators of the American Revolution, delivers a speech in the Second Virginia Convention
regarding gaining independence from Britain. Henry's diction, allusions and counterarguments aid in his purpose of making the delegates feel the
tyrannical rule by the British and believing in going to war with them is the only option in attaining freedom.
Henry's diction portrays the British as untrustworthy and dishonorable. In the beginning of his speech, Henry states that he considers the need of
independence from the British "nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery." The words "freedom" and "slavery" are provided as ultimatums in
which one can only have one, not both. The negative connotation conveyed through the word "slavery" make the delegates in the convention compare
their situation of being ruled by the Britains to that of a slave and slave owner, leading to the consensus of the immorality displayed by the British.
Therefore the delegates feel the absolute power the British have over the American colonists which incites a fear over their lack of control. The word
"freedom" is most commonly associated with something one must fight to win. Through this word, Henry is able to imply to his audience that the
Americans must fight with the Britains in order to gain freedom. In addition, when describing the military preparations the British are taking, Henry
expresses that "these war–like preparations ... cover American

Test
Results from experiment one indicated that response latency times rised systematically as the questions necessitated deeper levels of
processing–semantic as opposed to structural questions of the word (Craik & Tulving, 1975). Performance on the retention test increased significantly,
from below 20% recognized for questions concerning structural characteristics to 96% for sentence questions (Craik & Tulving, 1975). The results have
thus shown that different questions requiring different encoding strategies have yielded different response latency times. Furthermore, the different
encoding questions were associated with marked differences in recognition performance; in particular, semantic questions were followed by higher
recognition of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Experiment seven has demonstrated higher recall resulting from more complex, elaborate sentence frames, but only with positive (yes) target words;
this finding is further interpreted as depth of processing is greater with congruent sentences than incongruent sentences possibly because the subject
forms a unified image of the sentence (Craik & Tulving, 1975).
Experiment eight manipulated the set sizes of case, rhyme, and category questions; when set sizes were held constant across groups, strong effects of
question type were still found (Craik & Tulving, 1975). The results of studies one through eight have been held in strict experimental conditions.
Experiment nine examined whether the same pattern of results found thus far would emerge in looser experimental conditions (Craik & Tulving,
1975). The looser experimental conditions involved subjects being aware of the purpose of the study, and of the recognition task; words were also
presented to subjects at a slower rate (6 secs) (Craik & Tulving, 1975). The results of experiment nine ran parallel to results from experiment two and
four, demonstrating the basic phenomenon of depth of processing is a robust one (Craik & Tulving, 1975). Lastly, experiment ten tested the possibility
of whether stronger inducement (paying subjects for correct number of words recalled) to case–encoded words

Relationship Between Cus В¬ Tomer Expectations And The...
INTRODUCTION
The customer satisfaction is the relationship between the cusВ¬tomer expectations and the product's perceived performance. If the product matches the
expectations, the customer is satВ¬isfied. If it exceeds, the customer is highly satisfied. A cusВ¬tomer, if satisfied is more likely to purchase product
the next time and will say good things about the product to others.
Customer satisfaction is closely like
Quality
Price
Availability
Customer Satisfaction, a term frequently used in marketВ¬ing, is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company meet or surpass
customer expectation. Customer satisfaction is defined as "the number of customers or perВ¬centage of total customers, whose reported experience
with a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to studies by Wirtz& Lee (2003), they identified a six–item 7–point semantic differential scale, which is a six–item 7–point bipolar scale that
consistВ¬ently performed best across both hedonic and utilitarian serВ¬vices. It loaded most highly on satisfaction, had the highВ¬est item reliability,
and had by far the lowest error variance across both studies. The another best scale was single–item percentage measure, a one–item 7–point bipolar
scale (e.g., Westbrook 1980).
Global share
India will, in the process, take over from Indonesia and Vietnam as Bajaj 's biggest two–wheeler market over the next five years. As for the bigger goal
of 30 per cent share in its global business, Bajaj 's annual two–wheeler volumes here would have to be in the region of 10 million units annually.
Observers believe this could become a reality by 2020. At present, over four million units are in place from its three units in Manesar (the largest with
1.6 million), the recently commissioned Rajasthan plant and the newly identified site in Karnataka (with capacities of 1.2 million units each). The
balance six million bikes and scooters, in that case, will have to be generated from new facilities even as reports are already doing the rounds that
Bajaj is looking at options in the western and southern

Analysis On Silver Linings Playbook Essay
Ailleene Mendoza
Interpersonal Communications–Section
Intercultural Film Analysis Paper
Dec. 10, 2016
Analysis on Silver Linings Playbook
The film I chose to analyze is Silver Linings Playbook because I was interested in the story when I read the synopsis of the movie. I thought that this
would be a simple movie where the main characters would help each other because they had something in common. Reading the synopsis, I also
thought that Pat would be back together with his wife, but at the end he found another love. In the next paragraphs I will show my knowledge on what
I have learned this semester. On my analysis of Silver Linings, I will give examples that has the concept of language, nonverbal communication,
listening, emotions, conflict, and close relationships.
The first concept is language (a system comprised of vocabulary and rules of grammar that allows us to engage in verbal communication, Ch. 4, pg
72). The whole movie it was in English, so everyone understood each other. When watching, everyone understood what each other were saying but
sometimes they don't because they are using words that the other side wouldn't understand. There was this scene where Pat and Tiffany were talking
about what medication they use to have during dinner. The wife and husband who invited them didn't really look at their perspective in a deeper level.
People who surrounded Pat and Tiffany sometimes wouldn't "acknowledge their viewpoint" and this is called perspective taking (Ch. 4,

Ambiguistic Role Of Semantics
MODE OF INDISTINCTNESS IN SEMANTICS Abstract Language is a mode of communication which helps us to converse with each other.
Linguistics is the base to scientifically learn the language. Grammar also has main role in learning a language. Semantics is one of the types of
Linguistics that deals with the study of words and its meaning. By using a word having same structure it causes Ambiguity (indistinctness) in some
place. If a word gives more than one meaning it is called Ambiguous. This manuscript deals with the types of Ambiguities inSemantics.
Introduction
"A Scientific analysis of Language is carried out systematically ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
M.Breal is credited with coining the word semantics in his "Essai de Semantique" (1897) 'as a name for Philosophical enquires'. In 1894, the English
word "semantics" occurred in a paper presented to the American Philosophical Association: " Reflected Meaning: a point in Semantics". In 1996
A.J.Greimas produced "Structural Semantics" which viewed semantics as an exploration of signification anchored in the world, perceived through
senses. Halliday nevertheless feels that "A Language is a system for making meanings, a semantic system, with other systems for encoding the
meanings it produces. The term 'semantics' doesn't merely refer to the gist of words; it is the intact practice of meaning of a language, uttered by
Grammar as well as by Vocabulary. Semantics as a branch ofLinguistics is mainly concerned with how the "meaning" is conveyed by the Linguistic
system consisting of different units and structure like Sentences, Phrases, Words, and Morphemes etc. Philosopher study Semantics to understand
'good' 'evil' 'right' 'wrong' etc. In term the approach of the Philosophers is also made use of by Linguistics. Anthropologists study semantics to
understand the cultural and behavioral patterns reflected in Language. The Psychologists look at semantics from the point of view stimulus and
response, signs and signified

The Description Theory of Meaning Essay
The description theory of meaning was proposed independently by Bertrand Russell and Gottlob Frege as a response to some of the fallacies of the
reference theory. Description theorists propose that instead of being a simple 'word – world relationship', meaning is derived from descriptions
associated with certain objects and stored in our mind (or senses in Frege's case). Frege and Russell's accounts of the theory differ subtly in how they
view descriptions. Several objections have been made against the theory, but only the most important objections will be raised. These include
Strawson's objection to the attributive use. Also, the problems of ignorance and error raised by Kripke tarnish the description theory's attractiveness. The
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This allows him to extend the Description Theory to almost every meaning. The extension of the theory to names seems natural as when one refers to
someone, they often add a description. For example, 'The fat slob of a father on the Simpsons' explains just who Homer Simpson is. This analysis
helps the Description theorist to overcome some of the problems which plagued the Reference Theorist. This theory is an improvement on the
reference theory, as it is much better at explaining some of the features of language, such as why we explain proper names with descriptions if asked.
Comparing Frege and Russell's Theories
While having essentially a similar message, there are some key differences between the two original Description theorist's hypotheses. Both the
theories can pick out a specific referent indirectly with something like a description. However, while the emphasis is the same, Russell's analysis
appealed to the description as being something within a competent user's mind, whereas Frege saw these descriptions as senses. He described these as
being platonic entities, thus objective, whereas the referents they picked out as being subjective. These abstract objects are used to determine how
reference can be made in the concrete world. Russell argues that there are not 'two levels of semantic significance' in his theory, so that when his theory
is logically formulated, it has a 'general nature',

Analysis Of Gloria Naylor ' Being A Chink By Christine Leong
Barber, Patrick 2
APEL III
14 November 2014
Mommy What Does Nigger Mean by Gloria Naylor
Being a Chink by Christine Leong
Questions on Meaning
1. Naylor believes that written language is inferior to spoken language because it cannot capture the essence of life. For example Naylor writes "I
consider the written word inferior to the spoken, and much of the frustration experienced by novelists is the awareness that whatever we manage to
capture even in the most transcendent passages falls far short of the richness of life." Naylor continues on to comment on the dynamics of dialogue and
the senses experienced in each moment to express the idea that writing can never capture all the thoughts, senses, and environment occurring when
someone is speaking.
2. Naylor never heard the word nigger before until she heard it in the tone that the white third–grader used. She had heard the word before but only
when it was used a compliment or for grouping a group of people. While the white third–grader used the negative connotation of it as a derogatory term
to insult her simply based on her race.
3.Naylor means that word nigger was changed from derogatory term used by racist whites to subject African Americans based on their previous
mistreatment to a term used by the African Americans to each other to compliment one's actions. For example "In the singular, the word was always
applied to a man who had distinguished himself in some situation that brought their approval

The World's Self Conscious And The Healing Process
Historical Relevance. "Our century 's self–conscious interest in culture and society has produced valuable attempts to retell the Western past with the
aid of such organizing principles as technological change, art collecting" (Barzun, 1990, p. xiii) Considering modern globalization trends, technology
and data flow, the comparative historical approach has "identified general features of the modern capitalist economy" (Bentz & Shapiro, 1998, p.134)
as more relevant. Trends from Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) stressed the importance of the unconscious mind. In context of his female theory, Freud
wrote about "We are now obliged to recognize that the little girl is a little man" Freud wrote (1933, SE 22:118). He claims that females are... Show
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Questioning the female psyche can lead to recognizing unconscious thinking, which differs from males. Through historical inquiry, uniqueness of
"actions, ideas, and force (give) rise to this phenomenon" (Bentz & Shapiro, 1998, p.136) may reveal more. Weber explored how societies stayed
together, but he did not explore issues of art and health. "The study of the future is part of historical inquiry (Bentz & Shapiro, 1998, p.136).
Reflecting on the beginning of recorded history, research can better explore and focus on the growth of knowledge and understanding as in the role of
media. By exploring the history of feminism, gender roles, structure and power disclose. Probing the female psyche further, the legitimacy of art–based
therapies can unfold female's unconscious thinking about their well–being.
Research Findings. Researchers Stuckey and Nobel conducted a historical review of research from 1995 to 2007. They also were attentive to literature
review from 1970 to 1995 on PubMed (MeSH art therapy database) to determine what is known about art and healing. Studies limit to functioning
women without mental disorders such as schizophrenia or dementia. They also did not include imprisoned populations or other ailments. They
described the principal categories of creative expression emerging to promote health and wellness. Results pointed out patterns

The Importance Of Pragmatic Language Processing
as Goodman & Stuhlmuller (2013) claim that pragmatic language understanding is a social cognition. Perhaps the complex systems involved in
pragmatic language understanding are modules that specifically process information about social context, and, it is likely that these interpretation.
Perhaps one might start by searching for data suggesting that semantic processing and pragmatic processing involve different parts of the brain.
In a series of experiments, Rabagliati, Pylkkanen & Marcus (2013) tested linguistic ambiguity resolution in children compared to adults. They found
that children processed language differently than adults and that children had trouble integrating contextual cues (Rabagliati et al., 2013, p. 1085). And
they suggested that this may be because children's executive function abilities are not fully developed (Rabagliati et al. p. 1085, 2013). This notion is
in alignment with previous research by Khanna and Boland (2010) who studied lexical ambiguity resolution in 7 to 10 year old's and in adults. They
found that those who had more fully developed executive function abilities also were more sensitive to context in their lexical interpretation (Khanna &
Boland, 2010).
These results are starting to paint a picture that the structures for analyzing and interpreting syntax and semantics may be different than the structures
that are involved in a pragmatic interpretation. One might hypothesize that the modules for strict semantic understanding are in

Examples Of Disconfirmation
The Disconfirmation Model "The Disconfirmation Model based on the comparison of customers' [expectations] and their [perceived performance]
ratings. In particular, an individual's expectations are confirmed when a product executes not surprisingly. It is adversely affirmed when an item
performs more poorly than expected. The disconfirmation is positive when a product performs over the desires (Churchill and Suprenant 1982). There
are four develops to portray the conventional disconfirmation worldview said as desires, execution, disconfirmation and fulfillment." "Fulfillment is
considered as a result of procurement and utilize, coming about because of the purchasers' correlation of expected rewards and caused expenses of the
buy in connection... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It can be, and regularly is, measured along different measurements. An inn, for instance, may request that customers rate their involvement with its
front work area and registration benefit, with the room, with the luxuries in the room, with the eateries, et cetera. Also, in an all encompassing sense,
the inn may get some information about general fulfillment 'with your remain As research on utilization encounters develops, confirm recommends
that consumers buy products and services for a mix of two sorts of advantages: hedonic and utilitarian. Hedonic advantages are related with the tangible
and experiential properties of the item. Utilitarian advantages of an item are related with the more instrumental and useful traits of the item (Batra and
Athola 1990). Customer satisfaction is is an ambiguous and abstract concept and the actual manifestation of the state of satisfaction will vary from
person to person and product/service to product/service. The state of satisfaction depends on a number of both mental and physical factors which
correspond with fulfillment practices, for example, return and suggest rate. The level of fulfillment can likewise differ contingent upon different
choices the client may have and different items against which the client can look at the association's

Is Noncognitivism Defeated by the Frege-Geach Problem?
''Is noncognitivism defeated by the Frege–Geach problem?''
Value and Normativity Introduction
The Frege–Geach problem is one the most important objections to expressivism, or noncognitivism more generally, and has proven to be a formidable
obstacle to this metaethical theory. In this paper I will first outline expressivism and the Frege–Geach problem. Then I will proceed to discuss
traditional expressivist solutions to this problem. Unfortunately, these attempted solutions prove to be unsatisfactory as they cannot provide a solution
to the problem plaguing expressivism.
Expressivism
Expressivism is a non–descriptive (it does not use beliefs or truth–conditions to characterise the meaning of moral terms) semantic theory which holds
that ''to make a normative judgement is to express a non–cognitive attitude'' (Gibbard, 1990, 84). The distinctive expressivist claim is that we can give
an adequate semantics for moral terms using non–cognitive, desire–like attitudes. This contrasts with cognitivism which holds that normative
judgements are entirely descriptive, and that to make a normative judgement is to express a belief. Expressivists are typically seen as following in the
footsteps of the emotivist analysis of moral terms offered by A.J. Ayer (1936). Ayer claims that moral language is not literally significant at all. Instead,
when we utter a sentence like 'You acted wrongly in stealing that money' we have not literally asserted anything beyond 'You stole that money'.

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