Uses of inexpensive, personal, commercially-available, and portable EEG devices for medical research. Testing of new drugs, patient-specific drug selection, monitoring of patient progress, augmentation of treatments (via neurofeedback), prediction of 'attacks' in mental illnesses (e.g. panic disorder), and better diagnoses of neurological disorders.
6. PND technologies: Amygdala
Backend for non-game
mobile EEG software
Streamlines mobile EEG
development
Algorithms, built-in GUIs,
links to BackupBrain, etc.
11/2/2012
6
9. Introspect
Detects: (e.g.)
Mood
Anxiety
Stress
Acute cognitive
functioning
Sleep quality Example waveforms
linked to mental states
Concentration
Pain „unpleasantness‟
10. Introspect
Detects problem areas
Built-in neurofeedback exercises to
improve specific areas
PND neurofeedback game:
11/2/2012 psych showdown 10
11. Neurofeedback
Training to directly
alter EEG output
Mindfulness-based
Meditation
Effective treatment
ADHD
depression
Anxiety
etc.
11/2/2012
11
12. PND: Pharmaceutical uses
Based on adaptations of Introspect
Introspect malleable for
Research
Diagnostics
Treatment
Etc.
13. PND: Pharmaceutical uses
1) New drug testing
mobile real-time drug efficacy monitoring
E.g. observe mood in brain over time
14. PND: Pharmaceutical uses
2) Aid patient-specific
drug selection
EEG patterns linked to
disorder etiologies
Help hospital funding
11/2/2012
14
15. PND: Pharmaceutical uses
3) Monitor patient progress
Ensure continued symptom
control
Change treatments as
needed
Example mood and anxiety chart
11/2/2012
15
21. References
• MacDonald, P. E., Rorsman, P. (2006). Oscillations, intercellular coupling, and insulin secretion in pancreatic beta
cells. PLoS Biol, 4(2): p49.
• Tatum, W. O., Husain, A. M., Benbadis, S. R. (2008). Handbook of EEG Interpretation. Demos Medical Publishing.
• Niedermeyer E. and da Silva F.L. (2004). Electroencephalography: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Related
Fields. Lippincot Williams & Wilkins.
• Rubboli, G., Parra, J., Seri, S., Takahashi, T., & Thomas, P. (2004). EEG diagnostic procedures and special investigations in
the assessment of photosensitivity. Epilepsia, 45(s1), p35-39.
• Appleton, R., Macleod ,S., Martland ,T. (2008). Drug management for acute tonic-clonic convulsions including
convulsive status epilepticus in children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 4: CD001905
• Randell T. (2004). "Medical and legal considerations of brain death". Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 48 (2): 139–
144
• Wijdicks EF. Determining brain death in adults. Neurology. 1995 May; 45(5): pp.1003-11
• Kupfer, D. J., Foster, F. G., Coble, P., McPartland, R. J., and Ulrich, R. F. (1978). The application of EEG sleep for the
differential diagnosis of affective disorders Am J Psychiatry 1978; 135:69-74
• Otto, K. A. (2008). EEG power spectrum analysis for monitoring depth of anaesthesia during experimental surgery; Lab
Anim , 42: pp. 45-61.
• Sterman, M.B.; Friar, L. (1972). "Suppression of seizures in an epileptic following sensorimotor EEG feedback
training". Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 33 (1): 89–95
• Basic concepts and clinical findings in the treatment of seizure disorders with EEG operant conditioning". Clin
Electroencephalogr 31 (1): 45–55.
• Hammond, Corydon D. "Neurofeedback Treatment of Depression and Anxiety." Journal of Adult Development, Vol 12,
Nos. 2/3, August 2005
• Gastaut, H. (1952). "Etude electrocorticographique de al reactivite des rhytmes rolandiques". Rev. Neurol 87 (2): 176–
182
• Sny-der et al. (2008). Blinded, multi-center val-i-da-tion of EEG and rat-ing scales in iden-ti-fy-ing ADHD within a
clin-i-cal sam-ple. Psy-chi-a-try Research, 159, 346–358
22. References
• Caat, M. T., Lorist, M. M., Bezdan, E., Roerdink, J. B., & Mauritis, N. M. (2008). High-Density EEG Coherence Analysis Using
Functional Units Applied to Mental Fatigue. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 17, pp. 271-278.
• Nuwer, M,, et al, (2005). Routine and Quantitative EEG in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury; Clinical Neurophysiology, 116.
• Thatcher, R.W., Camacho, M,, Salazar, A, Linden, C., Biver, C. and Clarke, L.: Quantitative MRI of Gray-White Matter
Distribution in Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Neurotrauma, Volume 14, No. 1, 1-14, 1997
• Thatcher, R.W., Moore, N, John, E.R., et al.: QEEG and Traumatic Brain Injury: Rebuttal of the American Academy of
Neurology 1997. A Report by the EEG and Clinical Neuroscience Society, Clinical Electroencephalography, 30(3): 94-98,
1999
• Khodayari-Rostamabad, A., Hasey, G. M., Maccrimmon, D. J., Reilly, J. P., & de Bruin, H. (2010). A pilot study to
determine whether machine learning methodologies using pre-treatment electroencephalography can predict the
symptomatic response to clozapine therapy. Clinical Neurophysiology, 121(12), 1998–2006
• Baskaran, A., Milev, R., & McIntyre, R. S. (2012). The neurobiology of the EEG biomarker as a predictor of treatment
response in depression. Neuropharmacology, 63(4), 507–13
• Thompson, L. et al (2010). Neurofeedback outcomes in clients with Asperger’s syndrome. Applied psychophysiology
and biofeedback, 35(1), 63–8
• Kouijzer, M., et al. (2009). Neurofeedback Treatment for Autism Spectrum Disorders: Scientific Found- ations and
Clinical Practice. Autism Spectrum Disorders – From Genes to Environment (p. 101–122)
More available on request
Editor's Notes
gamification designers, graphic designersBased out of both san jose and ottawa, linked to Neurosky