PSY511 Professional Ethics and the Law Text: Authors: Publisher: CounselingEthicsandDecisionMaking 3rd Edition, 2007 ISBN: 10: 0131710052; 13: 9780131710054 Robert R. Cottone, University of Missouri, St. Louis Vilia M. Tarvydas, University of Iowa Pearson/ Merrill Study Guide PSY511 - Professional Ethics and the Law 7 Unit 1 Examination Multiple ChoiceQuestions(Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet) 1. When there is a discussion of “theory” as related to judgments of right and wrong the discus- sion is probably one of: a. philosophical morality b. professional ethics c. philosophical ethics d. common morality e. both b and d 2. Which of the following is NOT listed in your text as part of the professional structure which governs ethics for counselors? a. the courts b. colleges and universities c. professional organizations that maintain and enforce a mandatory code of ethics d. professional regulatory bodies that are enforcers of mandatory codes e. none of the above 3. The BEST place to find up-to-date information of currently accepted ethical practice in the field is: a. counseling journals b. the Internet c. state license boards d. graduate level textbooks e. all of the above 4. can be defined as: the extent and limits of activities considered acceptable by individuals licensed or certified in a profession or specialty. a. Scope of practice b. Malpractice c. Accreditation d. none of the above 5. Which of the following is the accrediting body for professional counseling? a. AMA b. AAMFT c. NASW d. ACA e. CACREP Unit 1 Examination 6. The oldest established mental health profession is: a. psychiatry b. social work c. marriage and family therapy d. psychiatric nursing e. psychotherapy 7. Which of the following degrees does NOT indicate legitimate doctoral level training to be a licensed Psychologist? a. Ph.D. b. Ed.D. c. M.D. d. Psy.D 8. Which professional organization represents marriage and family therapists? a. ACA b. AAMFT c. APA d. ABPS e. none of the above 9. Which professional(s) can NOT legitimately, by nature of standard training and practice, per- form psychometric assessment? a. marriage and family therapist b. counselor c. psychologist d. social worker e. none of the above 10. The ABPP and ABPS credential applies to which field of mental health specialty? a. Marriage and family therapy b. Social work c. Psychiatry d. Psychiatric nursing e. none of the above Unit 1 Examination 11. Informed consent generally requires that the counselor should reveal to the client information about: a. the counselor’s credentials or training. b. alternative treatments. c. the potential benefits or detriments of treatment. d. all of the above 12. A counselor’s primary responsibility is to the: a. third party referral source. b. jud ...

1. PSY511
Professional Ethics and the Law
Text:
Authors: Publisher:
CounselingEthicsandDecisionMaking
3rd Edition, 2007
ISBN: 10: 0131710052; 13: 9780131710054
Robert R. Cottone, University of Missouri, St. Louis
Vilia M. Tarvydas, University of Iowa
Pearson/ Merrill
Study Guide

2. PSY511 - Professional Ethics and the Law
7
Unit 1 Examination
Multiple ChoiceQuestions(Enter your answers on the enclosed
answer sheet)
1. When there is a discussion of “theory” as related to

3. judgments of right and wrong the discus- sion is probably one
of:
a. philosophical morality b. professional ethics
c. philosophical ethics d. common morality
e. both b and d
2. Which of the following is NOT listed in your text as part of
the professional structure which governs ethics for counselors?
a. the courts
b. colleges and universities
c. professional organizations that maintain and enforce a
mandatory code of ethics d. professional regulatory bodies that
are enforcers of mandatory codes
e. none of the above
3. The BEST place to find up-to-date information of currently
accepted ethical practice in the field is:
a. counseling journals b. the Internet
c. state license boards
d. graduate level textbooks e. all of the above
4. can be defined as: the extent and limits of activities
considered acceptable by individuals licensed or certified in a
profession or specialty.
a. Scope of practice b. Malpractice
c. Accreditation
d. none of the above

4. 5. Which of the following is the accrediting body for
professional counseling?
a. AMA
b. AAMFT c. NASW d. ACA
e. CACREP
Unit 1 Examination
6. The oldest established mental health profession is:
a. psychiatry b. social work
c. marriage and family therapy d. psychiatric nursing
e. psychotherapy
7. Which of the following degrees does NOT indicate
legitimate doctoral level training to be a licensed Psychologist?
a. Ph.D. b. Ed.D. c. M.D. d. Psy.D
8. Which professional organization represents marriage and
family therapists?
a. ACA
b. AAMFT
c. APA
d. ABPS
e. none of the above

5. 9. Which professional(s) can NOT legitimately, by nature of
standard training and practice, per- form psychometric
assessment?
a. marriage and family therapist b. counselor
c. psychologist d. social worker
e. none of the above
10. The ABPP and ABPS credential applies to which field of
mental health specialty?
a. Marriage and family therapy b. Social work
c. Psychiatry
d. Psychiatric nursing e. none of the above
Unit 1 Examination
11. Informed consent generally requires that the counselor
should reveal to the client information about:
a. the counselor’s credentials or training. b. alternative
treatments.
c. the potential benefits or detriments of treatment. d. all of
the above
12. A counselor’s primary responsibility is to the:

6. a. third party referral source.
b. judge who subpoenas a case file.
c. family of a competent adult client seen in individual
counseling. d. professional setting (employer) where the
counselor works.
e. none of the above
13. Which of the following IS FALSE?
a. The primary responsibility of the counselor is to the referral
source.
b. Nonprofessional counselor-client relationships should be
avoided when possible.
c. Services must be fully described and explained to clients
before they consent to treat- ment.
d. Sexual intimacy with clients is unethical.
14. Professional competence by definition involves:
a. the quality of provided services b. informed consent
c. confidentiality
d. boundaries of professional activity e. both a and d
15. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. Counselors can ethically practice any specialty in
counseling, even without appropriate specialty training, if it is
within the scope of practice of their license.
b. Cottone and Tarvydas believe the terms “dual” and
“multiple” relationships should be abandoned.
c. Avoiding detrimental relationships with clients relates to the
ethical principle of justice more than nonmaleficence.

7. d. People who refuse recommended counseling services must be
coerced.
Unit 1 Examination
16. When a judge orders an ex offender to undergo therapy as
part of the ex offender’s rehabilita- tion, this is called:
a. expert order of protection b. legal privilege
c. professional responsibility d. compulsory therapy
17. The Supreme Court decision in Jaffee v. Redmond
provided what type of assistance to psycho-
therapists in federal court cases?
a. eliminated their responsibility to testify as expert witnesses
b. upheld their ability to maintain confidential information
through assertion of legal privi- lege
c. eliminated their ability to assert privilege in communication
with clients
d. instructed counselors that privilege only exists between
attorneys and their clients, not between counselors and their
clients
18. Which of the following is an example of special
circumstances that counselors may be faced with in relation to

8. confidentiality and privilege?
a. counseling persons with HIV/AIDS
b. family/couples counseling
c. clients in drug/alcohol treatment d. all of the above
19. An exception to confidentiality for psychologists and
counselors serving in the military exists and focuses on which
area most clearly?
a. responsibility to report generally negative attitudes of
officers and enlisted personnel
b. report threats to military installations, weapons and
integrity even when threats to specific persons have not been
made
c. to report all counseling activities regardless of the content
to their superiors on a regular basis
d. none of the above
20. According to Welch (2003), one of the most common types
of malpractice liability in treat- ment services for mental health
professionals is:
a. fraudulent billing
b. family treatment and forensic situations c. dual
relationships
d. group counseling
Unit 1 Examination

9. 21. According to Arthur and Swanson (1993), clinical records
should be written to include which of the following?
a. clear objective statements with behavioral descriptions
b. professional terminology not easily interpreted by legal
counsel c. jargon that does not clearly specify behavioral
outcomes
d. little objective information; subjective thoughts of the
counselor are of most importance
22. When assessing a client’s potential for harm, Beauchamp
and Childress recommend the coun- selor assess primarily
which elements?
a. probability of harm b. magnitude of harm
c. physical vs. psychological nature of harm d. both a and b
are correct
23. Counselor values tend to determine the of counseling. a.
content
b. process
c. level of professionalism d. lack of progress
24. Client values determine the of counseling. a. process
b. level of progress c. content
d. all of the above
25. Objectively applying a system of ethical rules and principles
that a counselor may use to deter- mine a right or moral

10. decision about an ethical dilemma would be considered .
a. ethics of caring b. virtue ethics
c. principle ethics
d. none of the above
Unit 1 Examination
WrittenAssignmentfor UnitOne
Be sure to refer to the course syllabus for instructions on
format, length, and other information on how to complete this
assignment.
Please answer ONEof the following:
1. Examine the evolution of counseling and counseling
psychology. Include the similarities, the dif- ferences, and the
influence of the development in history over time upon current
practice.
2. Analyze the roles of the different professionals within the
mental health professions. What are their roles, levels of
education, and primary functions in providing mental health
treatment? Which professionals may seek specialty

11. certification?
3. Analyze the Jaffee v. Redmond (1996) case and the
implications this case has had for commu- nication between
counselor and client.
4. Compare the similarities and differences amongst the
concepts of Relational Values, Virtues, and Ethics of Care?
Give examples that illustrate each concept.
120
PSY511 - Professional Ethics and the Law
126

12. Unit 2 Examination
Multiple ChoiceQuestions(Enter your answers on the enclosed
answer sheet)
1. Why is practice in solving mock ethical dilemmas, as well
as working to address actual dilem- mas under supervision of an
educator or experienced clinician important?
a. Because ethical decision making skills are very easily
learned.
b. Ethical situations happen infrequently and counselors
shouldn’t worry so much about them.
c. Ethical decision making skills do not come automatically or
easily and require practice, supervision and diligence in
learning.
d. Because you will never be able to come up with the
“correct” answer.
2. The ethical decision-making model introduced by Cottone is
based upon what theoretical model?
a. general psychologically based models b. post-positivism
c. social constructivism d. none of the above
3. What does social constructivism mean to ethical decision

13. making?
a. Decisions cannot be viewed as occurring internally (by an
individual in isolation).
b. Decisions must be selected by the counselor weighing
internal feelings and cognitions. c. Decisions are best when
made by a single individual.
d. Counselors must deliberate over a decision for a lengthy
period of time.
4. Ethical decision making models often provide a series of
steps for making an ethical choice, however they may fail to
describe which of the following:
a. the consequences that can occur when an ineffective course
of action is taken
b. how the choice in a specific course of action occurs (an
exploratory framework for the deci- sion process itself)
c. how values are weighed by the decision maker d. all of the
above are correct
5. In the social constructivism model, the decision to breach
an ethical standard or a challenge to a counselor’s professional
ethics is a decision that is derived from past and present
interac- tions. Which of the following forces come into play in
this situation?
a. biological and social forces that affect interactions in one
way or the other b. biological forces
c. social forces
d. psychological determinants
Unit 2 Examination

14. 6. Using the social constructivism process in ethical decision
making, when consensualizing fails, then parties may engage in
reflective interaction to accomplish:
a. an agreement on the decision to be made
b. to determine whether arbitration should be undertaken c.
be able to make the decision on their own
d. to hold firm to their original position
7. Cottone’s model of ethical decision making is based on:
a. purely social-relational theory b. purely relational model
c. ethical principles
d. psychologically-based ethical decision making
8. When colleagues engage in bullying, harassment, or
emotional abuse of an individual within the workplace, this
would be described as:
a. a normal difference of opinion that occasionally occurs
within a workplace b. a case of mobbing within an
organizational culture
c. relational issues that are normal when people work closely
with one another d. individuals who are experiencing conflict
due to holding similar values

15. 9. Which of the following characteristics may place a work
environment at risk for mobbing?
a. having more staff than is necessary (overstaffing)
b. increased stress in the workplace c. unethical activities
d. both b and c are correct
10. Several states have acknowledged that mental injury can
result from excessive stress on the job and this phenomenon has
been called:
a. mental health injury b. overstress syndrome
c. organizational mental injury d. occupational mental injury
Unit 2 Examination
11. Which of the following may happen to a counselor that
assumes the role of a “whistleblower”?
a. mobbing
b. mixed support from superiors and administration
c. potential life changing experience and increased stress d.
all of the above
12. At present there are several corporations that are

16. establishing company policies that support an individual’s right
to be employed in an environment that is free from mobbing.
a. True, this is happening at present.
b. False that is something for the future. c. False, it would
never work.
d. none of the above are correct
13. The way people would characterize a system’s general
practices and procedures, such as the sense of safety or fear or
retribution that a counselor may feel when faced with big or
small decisions within this context would be described as?
a. climate
b. ethical climate
c. organizational climate d. none of the above
14. To provide a service outside of the realm of medical
psychotherapy and then bill it as medical psychotherapy is an
example of:
a. sliding fee scales b. fraudulent billing c. double billing
d. all of the above
15. Pro bono publico refers to what?
a. Working as a counselor for the state, or county and serving
the general public.
b. Being an expert witness at a criminal trial. c. A Spanish
speaking Counselor or Therapist. d. none of the above
Unit 2 Examination

17. 16. This term describes when a diagnosis is more severe than
diagnostically justified to ensure adequate insurance payment
for the anticipated treatments.
a. double billing b. overdiagnosis
c. fraudulent diagnostics
d. embellishment diagnostics e. none of the above
17. It is standard practice to destroy case records generally
years after services have been terminated.
a. 10-12 b. 2-4
c. 5-7
d. none of the above- by law case records are never to be
destroyed.
18. Areas of major ethical concern in working with people with
HIV include:
a. confidentiality
b. informed consent c. stigma
d. both a and b are correct
19. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Americans with
Disabilities Act do which of the follow- ing for individuals

18. diagnosed with HIV/AIDS?
a. protect individuals who are diagnosed with HIV/AIDS from
undue discrimination b. do not protect individuals with
HIV/AIDS from undue discrimination
c. protect only individuals with HIV from undue
discrimination d. protect only individuals with AIDS from
undue discrimination
20. The Tarasoff outcome directs the counselor in which of the
following actions when considering the safety of a third party?
a. counselors are not responsible for warning third parties they
may be in danger
b. counselors have a responsibility for third parties that they
know may be in danger c. cannot breach confidentiality no
matter what the situation
d. may breach confidentiality only when suicide is involved
Unit 2 Examination
21. Regarding the ethical issues surrounding complimentary and
alternative medicine, which of the following statements is true?
a. The current status quo does not include a “don’t ask/don’t
tell” approach. b. CAM advocates may be denying the role of
traditional medicine.

19. c. Managed care typically never reimburses for CAMs.
d. Individuals who choose CAMs as a treatment forfeit their
right to autonomy.
22. What percentage of Americans feel that abortion should be
legal in some form?
a.
25%
b.
45%
c.
70%
d.
90%
23. A type of test administration that especially does not
transfer well to computerized assessment is:
a. vocational interest testing b. aptitude testing
c. neuropsychological testing d. personality testing
24. An ethical concern in the area of distance education at
present is:
a. lack of an outcome research base comparing traditional and
distance education methods b. it has been proven that distance
education lacks program integrity
c. grades which are granted for courses d. none of the above
are correct answers
25. The most frequent strategies that unethical practitioners use

20. to get around the ethical stan- dards that exist in the area of web
counseling are:
a. not holding membership in professional organizations that
create standards that are enforceable
b. using unregulated titles or service descriptions to elude
regulatory authorities c. not charging a fee for web counseling
services
d. both a and b are correct answers
Unit 2 Examination
WrittenAssignmentfor UnitTwo
Be sure to refer to this course syllabus for instructions on
format, length, and other information on how to complete this
assignment. Please answer ONEof the following:
1. You are a member of a professional association such as ACA
and have a position on the ethics committee. You have received
a complaint from a member that she has been “forced” by her
em- ployer to engage in fraudulent billing practices for the last
five years. In fact, she reports that other counselors employed
by this large for-profit organization have also succumbed to this
pressure. The reason this counselor was motivated to contact the
ethics committee was due to several complaints over the last
month from clients who have threatened to report this behavior
to the licensure board. These clients have indicated the
inappropriate billing must cease or they will report their knowl-
edge of the situation to legal authorities. What kind of

21. information would you as a member of the ethics committee
need to determine what sort of sanction should be imposed in
this situation? Using the Tarvydas model, work through the
decision-making process regarding this situation. What
mitigating factors might have been highlighted or influenced by
aspects of the decision-making model and how might this have
changed the course of events experienced by this counselor and
other counselors employed by this company? Explain.
2. If you were in a position to “blow the whistle” on a colleague
or institution in which unethical activity or action was
transpiring, how would you go about it? What would you do to
keep yourself safe?
3. Compare and contrast the difference between business ethics
and the ethics that are found in counseling. What are the
similarities and what are the differences? How can a counselor
working in a purely managed care environment that is grounded
in business ethics be true to the need to uphold ethical codes of
the professional organizations to which he or she belongs?
Discuss.

22. 4. You are employed by a counseling agency that is non-
compliant with HIPAA. You did not dis- cover this until you
began your work with this agency. What are the sanctions that
can be imposed by the Department of Justice? How does HIPAA
impact your counseling practice? What plan would you utilize
to get the agency in compliance with HIPAA? Would you stay
with this agency?
PSY511 - Professional Ethics and the Law
141
Unit 3 Examination
Multiple ChoiceQuestions(Enter your answers on the enclosed
answer sheet)
1. Counselors should critically examine current ethical codes
focusing on multiculturalism to address which of the
following?
a. cultural bias and encapsulation
b. professional self regulation and lack of measurable
multicultural accountability c. favoritism toward the dominant

23. culture
d. all of the above
2. These terms are outdated and possibly harmful concepts, but
were previously used in counselor training programs several
decades ago.
a. cultural deficit b. race
c. culturally disadvantaged d. a and c only
e. all of the above
3. The tendency to treat others relative to one’s own cultural
perspective with an apparent disregard for cultural differences
is called:
a. cultural encapsulation b. cultural deficit
c. multiculturalism d. none of the above
4. As a third generation Japanese American counselor in a
downtown mental health center that serves a primarily African
American population you are frequently involved in helping
relationships with individuals who have a socially constructed
worldview that differs from your own. You would be providing
this type of counseling:
a. conservative b. transcultural.
c. client centered d. primary
e. cross cultural
5. To educate culturally competent practitioners entering the
field, educational programs should strongly consider utilizing
the best approach of:

24. a. offering a course on racism and infusing culturally sensitive
content throughout the curriculum
b. offering a course on multiculturalism
c. not concerning themselves with culture and multicultural
competencies
d. making sure students have exceptional knowledge of the
professional code of ethics e. none of the above
Unit 3 Examination
6. Imperative to the field of marriage and family therapy is the
idea of:
a. psychoanylitic theory b. the ‘traditional’ family c. sex
therapy
d. none of the above
7. Ethically marriage and family therapists are wise to initially
consider their role as an advocate for the:
a. relationship b. child
c. individual
d. all of the above
8. The idea of was affirmed by the Declaration of
Helsinki, after Nazi doctors at concentration camps were found
to have done harmful experiments on ethnic groups.
a. moral responsibility b. confidentiality

25. c. informed consent d. Hippocratic Oath e. all of the above
9. The ethical codes of which two organizations apply
SPECIFICALLY to marriage and family counseling?
a. IAMFC and ASCA
b. APA and ACA
c. APA and ASCA
d. IAMFC and AAMFC
e. IAMFC and AAMFT
10. Values are:
a. imposed by ethical codes on such issues as divorce,
sexuality, and family resource management
b. unquestionable professional ethical standards c. the legal
rights of clients
d. none of the above
Unit 3 Examination
11. Which is NOT one of the interventions which schools
counselors use to provide direct services in their schools?
a. coordination b. consultation c. counseling
d. cooperation

26. e. none of the above
12. Arnold v. Board of Education of Escambia County (1989)
was a court decision regarding what?
a. a counselor giving a student advice on abortion
b. a counselor having inappropriate sexual relations with a
student
c. a counselor withholding information about a threat which
was made from a client towards another person which resulted
in that person’s death
d. a counselor failing to notify authorities of a student’s intent
of suicide e. none of the above
13. In determining what action a counselor should take in
ethical dilemmas presented by poten- tially detrimental
relationships, which step to come to a conclusion is NOT listed
in your text?
a. think carefully
b. consult the necessary codes and experts c. identify the
ethical issues
d. temporarily suspend the relationship until a conclusion is
made e. none of the above
14. The intent of the was to provide parents and eligible
students (those older than 18 years of age) the right to inspect
their school records and the protection of dis- semination of
school records.
a. Drug Abuse Office and Treatment Act
b. Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act c. Education
for all Handicapped Children Act d. Individual Education

27. Disability Act
15. Approximately how many states grant students the legal
right of privileged communication when communicating with a
school counselor?
a.
10
b.
20
c.
30
d.
40
Unit 3 Examination
16. When considering a school counselor’s duty to warn and
protect, which of the following state- ments is true?
a. Counselors may be sued if they breach confidentiality, if a
student injures themselves or someone else or commits suicide.
b. Counselors cannot breach confidentiality ever.
c. Counselors may be sued by the school if they breach
confidentiality with parents. d. Counselors will not be sued
unless they breach confidentiality.

28. 17. According to the American School Counselor Association,
failure to provide the needed food, care, clothing, housing,
medical attention and supervision of a child would be defined
as:
a. child abuse
b. corporal punishment c. child neglect
d. child endangerment
18. Managed care is usually a contracted arrangement between
a(n):
a. client and a counselor
b. social service agency and a client c. counselor and
employer
d. none of the above
19. RUST stands for:
a. Rehabilitation Users Standards of Treatment b. Redefining
Undiagnosed or Subtle Terms
c. Responsibilities of Using Standardized Treatments d.
Relinquishing Use of Standardized Tests
e. none of the above
20. The evolution of career counseling has been influenced by
which of the following?
a. social and cultural forces b. legislation
c. programs created as a result of legislation d. all of the
above

29. Unit 3 Examination
21. Counseling that involves professional helpers who help
clients “understand, accept, and resolve their problems” by
using “basic counseling techniques so that their clients can lead
more satisfying, well adjusted lives” would best define?
a. supportive psychotherapy b. personal counseling.
c. career counseling
d. vocational counseling
22. Which of the following is NOT one of the three required
elements of informed consent?
a. capacity
b. comprehension c. confidentiality d. voluntariness
23. As a counselor if the ethical values at your place of
employment are in conflict with your professional ethics, what
should you do?
a. stay on the job because there are some things you cannot
change b. talk with your co-workers about their thoughts
c. seriously consider resigning from your position
d. nothing, for there is nothing you can do about corporate
culture

30. 24. According to Pope (1999) when clients first present for
career counseling it is important to assess how much
involvement of both is needed by the client in their
decision making process.
a. former employer and family
b. potential employer and former employer c. significant
other and children
d. extended family and community
25. Counselors should be aware of potentially detrimental
counselor-client relationships and can safeguard themselves by
taking which of the following actions?
a. ongoing discussions to identify and work through conflicts
or concerns that develop and documentation of all events
b. consultation with a colleague to guard against overlooking a
problem c. supervision if a situation involves a high risk for
harm
d. all of the above are safeguards that counselors should
consider
Unit 3 Examination
WrittenAssignmentfor UnitThree

31. Be sure to refer to this course syllabus for instructions on
format, length, and other information on how to complete this
assignment. Please answer ONEof the following:
1. Examine the concept of cultural encapsulation and how it
may affect ethical decision making. As a counselor, what steps
might you take so you do not remain - or become - culturally
encapsu- lated? Discuss.
2. A counselor has practiced in a non-diverse community for
more than 20 years. He moved to a new community and
accepted a position at an agency that serves diverse populations.
How can the counselor develop multicultural competence?
Explain and describe a process the counselor could utilize.
3. There are numerous ethical concerns that arise when engaged
in couple and family counseling. Which ethical issue:
confidentially and privileged communication, informed consent,
roles and relationships with clients, counselor competence, and
issues of diversity, are you most concerned about as a
counselor? Why? What would you do to prepare yourself to deal
with ethical issues that may arise in the area you’ve chosen?

32. 4. Describe the counseling process in school counseling and
identify each ethical issue that you can think of across the
continuum of the counseling process beginning with informed
consent and ending with termination of counseling services. For
each ethical issue that is identified, state how
a counselor could address this issue in an ethical fashion. Make
sure to address informed consent, intervention plan
development, group work, evaluation, assessment and
interpretation, use of com- puters in counseling, and
confidentiality in your answer.
Unit 4 Examination
Multiple ChoiceQuestions(Enter your answers on the enclosed
answer sheet)
1. Groups or group process may:
a. differ depending on the national origin of group members
b. be enhanced by the acceptance of differences among group
members c. be enhanced by a culturally sensitive counselor
d. all of the above

33. 2. Related to privileged communication and group counseling,
privileged communication:
a. can be guaranteed in all cases with a licensed professional
b. historically has been respected in group counseling
c. prevents gossip about cases to uninvolved third parties in
informal settings d. none of the above
3. Group counseling:
a. is practiced only in private practices
b. is a specialty of counseling meeting all standard criteria for
defining a specialty c. always is led by at least two counselors
d. b and c only
e. none of the above
4. If a group of minors is being counseled, the parents of the
minors:
a. must respect the counselor/client privilege of confidentiality
b. have the right to information about the nature and content of
counseling c. have the right to attend a group session as a
chaperone
d. both b and c
e. none of the above
5. The CRC code of ethics clearly asserts that the primary
responsibility of counselors is to whom?
a. their employer b. their supervisor
c. individuals with disabilities receiving services d. third

34. party payor
Unit 4 Examination
6. If the counselor holds the culturally dominant high level of
value regarding traditional work, he or she may not react
positively to individuals who wish to work in which area?
a. factory settings
b. in-home as caregivers
c. only part time to pursue avocational interests d. both b and
c are correct
7. Rehabilitation counselors monitor their competence in two
areas. Which of the following are the two areas in which
counselors monitor their competence?
a. job development, placement and follow-up
b. integration of mental health counseling or diagnostic focus
with their usual practices c. competence in the area of
assessment
d. both b and c are correct
8. CRCC provides code of ethics enforcement for which of the
following?

35. a. individuals who hold the CRC certification. b. individual
members of ACA and ARCA.
c. individual members of NRA and NRCA.
d. individuals who hold a CCM certification.
9. Two major changes within the 2002 CRCC code of ethics
had to do with what subject(s)?
a. major emphasis on multicultural considerations b. new
continuing education requirements
c. addition of an entire section on electronic communication d.
established dollar limits for billing of services
e. both a and c
10. The collaborative consortium of key rehabilitation
counseling professional organizations formed in 2004 is the:
a. Alliance for Rehabilitation Counseling b. Rehabilitation
Counseling Cooperative c. National Rehabilitation Association
d. American Rehabilitation Counselors United e. none of the
above
Unit 4 Examination
11. The two major professional organizations for rehabilitation
counselors are:

36. a. ARCA and NRCA
b. ACA and ARCA
c. APA and NRCA
d. ARCAA and NRC
e. none of the above
12. According to your text, nearly of the U.S. population
needed treatment for an alcohol or illicit drug problem in 2003.
a. 8% b. 10% c. 12% d. 15%
e. none of the above
13. This organization is the largest organization serving
addiction counselors, educators, and other health care
professionals who deal with addiction.
a. NAADC
b. ACA
c. APA
d. NAADAC
e. none of the above
14. Confidentiality in treatment of chemical dependency is
unique due to:
a. state statute confidentiality
b. national professional certification c. state professional
certification
d. none of the above
15. The 12-step approach of Alcoholics Anonymous has been:

37. a. discredited by the majority of professionals because of the
religious nature of the program b. shown to ONLY be effective
when combined with professional interventions
c. proven to be effective not only with treating alcoholism, but
with other addictions as well d. none of the above
Unit 4 Examination
16. What is the NBCC specialty designation for counseling
professionals who work primarily with addiction?
a. MACC b. NBCCA c. NAADAC
d. none of the above
17. Which is NOT a setting listed in your text in which
substance abuse treatment may be deliv- ered?
a. outpatient setting b. residential
c. hospital
d. all of the above are settings
18. How many of the criteria for substance dependence must be
present for the diagnosis of alco- hol or drug dependence?
a. two

38. b. three c. four d. five
e. none of the above
19. The ACS identifies content areas that training in clinical
supervision must include.
a.
5
b.
9
c.
13
d.
26
20. Related to potential ethical situations, supervisors often
have which of the following concerns?
a. most code of professional ethics have limited information
regarding supervision
b. the supervisor must constantly examine the ethical issues
that impact both the client and the supervisee
c. regulations for clinical supervisors provided are ambiguous
from a legal perspective d. both a and b are correct
Unit 4 Examination

39. 21. A student counselor is providing services to a client and
audiotapes each of the sessions for individual review with their
supervisor and group review with their fellow students. The
client was not informed that their counselor was a student in
training or of the purpose of the audio- taping. The supervisor
and supervisee have violated which of the following?
a. client informed consent b. client confidentiality
c. supervisee confidentiality d. both a and b are correct
22. A student is completing an internship at a work re-entry
center. The student is female and worked with a male client
whom she knew was attracted to her. During his rehabilitation
he frequently brought her flowers, candy and cards of thanks.
The student did not accept the gifts, rather placed them in a
central location for all to benefit from. The student discussed
this situation with her supervisor and followed agency policy
and her supervisor’s directives
during the entire time she was providing services to the client.
Upon discharge the client asked the student for her phone
number for the purposes of a social/romantic relationship. The
stu- dent gave the client her phone number and began dating the
client two weeks after he was dis- charged. Another agency
personnel saw the two in the community in a close embrace and
reported this to the student’s supervisor. Upon hearing this
information, the supervisor went
to the student’s office, packed her belongings and left them at
the front desk with a note that her internship was terminated.
The action of the supervisor violated the supervisee’s:
a. due process
b. confidentiality
c. informed consent
d. professional identity e. none of the above

40. 23. Which of the following are effective suggestions for
supervisors to consider to avoid malprac- tice lawsuits?
a. possess appropriate knowledge, skill and work habits b.
foster healthy, respectful relationships
c. have keen knowledge of self d. all of the above
24. After a hearing, a license board makes a decision which
could include consequences. Which of the following is NOT a
consequence as listed in your text?
a. revocation of a license b. paying a fine
c. probation d. reprimand
e. none of the above
Unit 4 Examination
25. Which of the following sources of ethical information has
been given the highest rating by certified counselors?
a. ACA ethical code
b. APA Ethics Committee
c. ACA Journal of Counseling and Development
d. all of the above e. a and c only
Unit 4 Examination

41. WrittenAssignmentfor UnitFour
Be sure to refer to this course syllabus for instructions on
format, length, and other information on how to complete this
assignment. Please answer ONEof the following:
1. Within a group setting you are working with two individuals
who are employed by the same employer, but work in different
departments of the company. Despite repeated directives that
group content is confidential, you find that one employee has
been leaving the group to go home and call several other
employees of the company and share confidential information
about the other group member with company employees. What
ethical dilemma does this pose? How would you effective- ly
handle this situation? Would you deal only with the individual
involved or address it in group?
2. You are working in a state vocational rehabilitation agency
with a counselor who is not a member of ACA or NRA. Further,
this counselor has not completed the CRC examination. This
counselor
is refusing to provide services to persons with mental illness.
What ethical dilemmas are present within this situation? What

42. would you do to resolve the dilemma?
3. Compare and contrast the NAADAC standards to the ACA
code of ethics. Identify the multiple relationships that can exist
in supervision. Identify situations in which relationships could
be iden- tified as detrimental and what you could do to avoid
becoming involved in a detrimental relation- ship. If you find
yourself involved in a detrimental relationship, what should you
do?
4. What competencies must a counselor have to provide
supervision? Is being a good counselor enough to provide
supervision? Can a counselor of average abilities become an
exceptional super- visor? Why or why not? Discuss.
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