prosthesis

1. Extra oral landmarks with prosthetic importance
Naso-labial sulcus  Become more prominent with aging
 Reduced by  proper degree of jaw separation . tooth position , thick upper
flanges
Philtrum  Become more flattened with loss of teeth and alveolar ridge
 Determine width of 2 central incisor teeth
 Reduced by  proper denture with appropriate arch form
Vermilion border
(quibid bow)
 Become less amount with loss of teeth and alveolar ridge  orbicularis oris
loses its support and drops inward
 Reduced by  proper modifications of denture flanges and the position of ant
teeth
Commissure  Cause angular chelitis with lack of support of the mouth angle , vit B , iron
deficiency
Modiolus  Meeting place of buccinator & other facial muscles , held in position by upper
arch form
 Become displaced giving sunken checks with loss of teeth
 Reduced by  proper alignment of teeth and arch form
 Lower denture in premolar region must be thin to avoid modiolus lifting the
denture
Mento labial sulcus  Its curvature indicates the maxillomandibular relationship
Class I Obtuse angle Gentle curvature represent normal ridge
Class II Acute angle Lowerl lip is folded toward the chin
Class III 180 angle
Extra oral landmarks with guiding importance
Ala tragus line Determine occlusal plane of posterior teeth (parallel)  also called camber line
Canthus tragus line
Frankfort plane
Determine condyle position by take point ant to tragus by 11-13 mm in this line
Determine the most favorable flexion of soft palate by tilting patient head down
ward by 30 degree using protractor  in fluid wax technique of post damming
Interpupillary line Determine occlusal plane of anterior teeth (parallel)
Width of nose Determine width of 6 anterior
Lip line Determine hight of teeth
Nose chin distance Determine vertical dimension
1- Land marks
PROSTHEASY