Basic Principles of Site Planning in Architecture and Components of Site Planning. Inventory of Site Planning and its implementation in Building Design as well as Site Development

1. SITE PLANNING
P R I N C I P L E S A N D C O N S I D E R A T I O N S
A R . A M E E D I N A M

2. You Will Learn….
What is Site Planning?
Why we do Site Planning?
Elements of Site Planning
Principles of Site Planning
Considerations during Site Planning
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3. WHAT??
Site planning is the organization of the external
physical environment to accommodate human
behavior
Site planning is the organization of an area of land
to fit a program for its development which is efficient,
expresses the character of the site and provides attractive
spaces to use
It involves the organization of land use ; zoning ,access,
circulation, privacy, security, shelter, land
drainage and other factors.
Involves….
To learn and practice a logical method of carrying
design programs and sites harmoniously.
To understand interaction of following factors in
design process.
i. Natural factors (landscape),
ii. Socio-economic forces (planning), and
iii. Technological functions (architecture &
engineering)
Purpose…
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4. Scope of Work…
1. Selecting and analyzing sites
2. Forming land use plans
3. Organizing vehicular and pedestrian circulation
4. Designing visual form and material concepts
5. Readjusting the existing landforms by design grading
6. Providing proper drainage
7. Developing the construction detail necessary to carry out
the project
1. A design which is site specific and responds to the
unique conditions of each place
2. Development which integrate into and harmonizes
with the existing landscape
3. Outdoor space which respond to orientation ,views
and microclimate
4. The use of sustainable materials and indigenous
vegetation.
Need and Objectives…
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5. Research phase: The first step is defining the problem and
its definition
Analysis phase: The next step involves programming the
site as well as site and user analysis
Synthesis phase: From the analysis, a program is
developed, which is part of the synthesis phase. The third step
deals with schematic design of a site plan
Process…
• Survey
• Data CollectionResearch
• Opportunities
• Constraints
• Program Development
Analysis
• Concept Alternatives
• Review
• Design Refinement
• Acceptance
Synthesis
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6. Major Components….
Identification of site and its preparation
- Above the Site
- On the Site
- Below the Site
Geology Topography Hydrography Soil
Vegetation Wildlife Climate
Natural Factors
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7. Zoning, Site Planning and Design…
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Zoning addresses where—or in what zone—you can or cannot build. Zoning
keeps buildings of similar use and occupation in the same zone, while
separating buildings of different uses. Zoning looks at issues such as land use,
public health and overcrowding and tries to determine how we can make
improvements. It is important to note that zoning doesn’t actually build
anything. It clarifies the limits and guides what can be built in a zone.
Zoning separates land into parcels. Groups of parcels make up a zone
Zoning defines whether an area is purely
residential or mixed. It also regulates
home renovations and extensions of
property
How are Residents Affected?
Proper zoning allows communities to
effectively preserve their neighborhood’s
assets and maintain their unique
identities
How are Communities Affected?

8. Land Use Consideration…
Managing the many dimensions of land use
1. Development
2. Transportation
3. Activities and
4. Growth
Layout and Form…
The overall layout of a site (e.g., the placement and form of its
buildings, infrastructures, and amenities) is the starting point
for development of the site.
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9. 9
Layers of Site Planning….
Mass and Space
Zoning
Circulation
Services

10. 10
Site Design Elements…
• Public
• Vehicles
Transportation
• Ground
• Under Ground
• Handicapped
Parking
• Softscape
• Hardscape
• Furniture
Landscape
• Main Buildings
• Service Buildings
Buildings
• Private
• Services
• VIP
Roads
• Cars
• Pedestrian
• Services, Emergency and Drop
off
Access

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When looking at your site and considering your design think about the following:
• Street patterns
• Street section
• Scale and the hierarchy/form/space
• Land use
• Typologies
• Neighborhood relationships, formal street variation
• Perspective relationships, views
• Natural and man made spaces
• Movement and circulation within and around the site
• Vehicle vs. pedestrian activities
• Access to the site/within the site
• Public spaces vs. private spaces
• Open space
• History
• Climate – sun angles and sun shadows
• Negative and positive spaces – we move through negative
spaces and dwell in positive spaces

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The grid pattern maximizes radiation throughout its
straight streets, but by orienting the grid pattern
diagonally to the east-west axis, the sun exposure
and shade is better distributed on the streets; such
a grid still supports the dynamic movement of air.
More important, however, is the form of alleys and
buildings.
Massing and Building Blocks..
Grid diagonal to east-west axis Narrow, zigzagging alleys
Winding or zigzagging narrow alleys receive
minimum radiation, reduce the effect of stormy
winds, establish shaded spaces throughout the day
which provide a cool and comfortable microclimate
and also stay relatively warm during cold nights and
in winter

13. 13
Site Inventory…

14. 14
Site Inventory…

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Do it:
Gather all the information
Synthesize, Analyze, Optimize:
Consider how sensitive, important, is the development.
Avoid Analysis Paralysis:
Don’t get overwhelmed with details; think big picture.
Use it:
The information will guide your planning.