Amar Majhu is a professional and trusted man to motivate the people and consult them with honestly. Amar Majhu lives in the United Kingdom.

1. One of the most critical skills for effective
leadership and management is the ability to motivate
others.
•A motive is a need, desire, or other impulse that brings
about an action.
Motivation  refers to those wishes, desires, drives
that stimulate or activate a man to do things.
 is something that moves a person to
action. It is largely based on individual needs and
perception.
 is an inner impulse or an internal force
that initiates and directs the individual to act in a certain
manner to satisfy a need.

2. The mechanism of motivation begins with need and ends
with need satisfaction.
A need  is lack or deficit of something within a system or a
man. When a need is felt by an individual, it leads to a chain of
activities. These activities and/or behaviour( always directed
towards the goal to satisfy the need (goal-oriented behaviour(
Figure 1. The motivation process
activities and/or behaviour
goal
need

3. Personal factors
Work factors
A. Personal factors:
1. Health status:
Continues motivation requires physical and psychomotor energy. Thus, ill persons do
not have this energy.
2. Self-concepts:
A person’s perception of his/her capabilities influences that person’s motivational
capacity.
3.Relationships:
The quality and quantity of meaningful relationships can influence an individual’s
motivation.
4. Financial status:
Money is a powerful motivator. When a person’s income is insufficient to meet
physiologic needs for food and shelter, performance generally declines.
5. Opportunities available:
When the opportunity to learn and grow in the work situation is lacking, motivation
is stifled. When people are presented with achievable challenge in their work,
they are motivated to rise to the occasion.

4. B. Work factors
Leadership style:
Using leadership style appropriate to specific
situations and staff members’ experience levels is a positive motivaton
Peer relationships:
Dissatisfying peer relationships can result in job
dissatisfaction and resignations.
Organization:
• Departmental organization is another work setting that influence
motivational level. Adequate staff members, sufficient equipment and
available supplies affect motivation.
• Agency organizational structures can also affect the motivational level
of staff members, i.e. when the staff’s ideas and suggestions are never
invited or always ignored, input diminishes.

5. Worker motivation:
As mechanism of motivation begins with needs and
ends with need satisfaction, it would be desirable if the
type and nature of the needs are understood.
There are various ways to classify needs, but one
classification widely accepted is that advanced by
Abraham Maslow who classifies human needs into five
categories.
Maslow suggests that all people begin in the lowest
level of physiological needs, and until these are satisfied
the person is not interested in other needs. In turn, as each
level of human needs is met, the person turns his/her
attention towards achieving his/her needs on the next
higher level and so on up through the hierarchy of needs.

6.  Inherent in Maslow’s hierarchy is the idea that needs on a lower level
must be met before a person exhibits much interest on needs of a higher
level. Thus, motivation for human action must be approached on the level
where that person currently exists. Therefore, nurses must be adequately
compensated to that they can meet their needs on level one and two before
anyone can expect them to feel themselves as part of the health care team
(level 3). Motivation then must be provided from the next highest level in
the hierarchy. So, it is important to know where a worker stands in the
hierarchy in order to motivate him/her correctly.

7. Self
actualization
Self-esteem
Social needs
Safety & security
Physiological needs
Maslow’s Need Hierarchy
Level (5)
Level (4)
Level (3)
Level (2)
Level (1)
one’s own potentialities &
continued self development
Respect by others, by self,
confidence, adequacy
Love, acceptance,
belongingness
Need for safety and
security, physical &
psychological
Basic needs; water, air,
food, sex, etc.

8.  It should be noted, however, that Maslow’s
theory should not be considered as all or
nothing. It is not necessary to satisfy a
person’s physiological needs completely in
order for him/her to become interested in and
motivated by needs on the safety and security
level. Rather, the satisfaction of the needs
should be seen as existing in a decreasing
percentage of unmet needs as the hierarchy is
ascended.

9. The nurse manager can motivate the subordinates using one
or more from the following organizational motivators:
Incentives:
Which include all financial items rather than the employee's
salary. E.g.: overtime, bonuses, grants…..etc.
Job rotation:
Which means the movement of the employee to different
jobs, usually for a temporary period, in order to inform, train, and/or
stimulate the cooperation and understanding among the employees.
Job enlargement:
Which means increasing the number of tasks or the
quantity of output required from the employee in his job.

10. Job enrichment:
Which is concerned with designing jobs with greater
Variety of work content; a higher level of knowledge and skills, as well as
providing the employee more autonomy and responsibility in this job.
Delegation of authority:
The accomplishment of goals is most effective when workers are given
authority to make decisions.
Competition:
A manager can create an atmosphere of healthy
competition among the subordinates through gaining status or social prestige.
Participation:
Participation of employees in decision making and policy
formulation has been widely recognized as an important organizational
motivator.