Polylactic acid or polylactide (PLA) is a thermoplastic aliphatic polyester derived from renewable resources, such as corn starch (in the United States), tapioca roots, chips or starch (mostly in Asia), or sugarcane (in the rest of the world).

1. Presented By:- Amal Ray
Roll No:-02
Stream:-MTT
GUIDED BY-Sajal Burman
GETTS, Serampore

2. Definition:
Polylactic acid or polylactide (PLA) is a
thermoplastic aliphatic polyester derived from
renewable resources, such as corn starch (in
the United States), tapioca roots, chips or
starch (mostly in Asia), or sugarcane (in the
rest of the world).
PLA FIBERS

4. The name "polylactic acid" does not comply
with IUPAC standard nomenclature, and is
potentially ambiguous.
Beause PLA is not a polyacid (polyelectrolyte),
but rather a polyester.

5. Molecular Formullae (C3H4O2)n
Density 1.21 – 1.43 gm/cm3
Melting point 150-160 °C
Solubility in water Insoluble in Water
Crystallinity 37%
T g 60-65°C
Tensile modulus 2.7- 16 GPa
Soluble in Hot Benzene, Tetra hydro
Furan, Dioxane etc.
LOI 26%
Moisture regain 0.4- 0.6%

6. Two main monomers are used:
1. Lactic acid
2. The cyclic di-ester, lactide.
 PLA fibers typically are made using lactic acid as
the starting material for polymer manufacture.
 The lactic acid comes from fermenting various
sources of natural sugars.
 These sugars can come from annually renewable
agricultural crops such as corn or sugar beets.

7. Lactic acid
Cyclick lactide
polymerisation
Poly lactic acid

8. Mulch film made of PLA-blend bio-flex

9. Tea bags made of PLA.
Peppermint tea is enclosed

10. Biodegradable PLA cups in use at an eatery

11. PLA can also be used as a compostable packaging material,
either cast, injection molded or spun .
Cups and bags have been made of this material.
In the form of a film, it shrinks upon heating, allowing it to
be used in shrink tunnels.
It is useful for producing loose-fill packaging, compost bags,
food packaging and disposable tableware.
In the form of fibers and non-woven textiles, PLA also has
many potential uses, for example as upholstery, disposable
garments, awnings, feminine hygiene products, and diapers.
Other applications

12. Basically Chitosan derived from chitin which is
linier biopolymer a derivative of Chitin.
Chitogen formed by the deacetylation of chitin.
Now chitin is found from shells of crustaceans,
the skeleton exhausted by sea insects and cell
wall of fungi.

13. Structure of chitogen

14. Chitogen fiber formed by the deacetylation of chitin

15. Shrimpcrustacean
Cell wall of fungi

16. Chitin products are :
Anti bacterials
anti viral
anti fungal
non toxic
Non allergenic

17. Property Citin and Chitosan
Produced from shell waste of crab shrimp etc.
(By the process of deprotenisation and demineralisation)
Dry mass of shell contains 15-25% of chitin.
Having bioactive property (anti-bacterial, anti-fungal
Chitin is very hard to dissolve (mineral acid, HCOOH,
CCl3COOH)
In 1980’s new solvent was used (DMAcetamide)
Chitosan is the N-deacetylated form of chitin.

18. Applications
Agricultural and horticultural use
Water filtration
Winemaking & fungal source chitosan
Potential industrial use
Biomedical uses
In medical field(tissue engineering)
As it is biocompatible it is used as proteins
delivery vehicles.
Grafting skin, physical adsorption and for
protein modification process.
We hope that in near future it will open door for
regeneration of functional tissue

19. Thank you…….