Medical textiles Defined as “fibre-based products and structures used in first aid or the clinical treatment of a wound or medical condition.” Hygiene textiles Defined as those that “deal with the absorption of bodily waste”

1. FIBRE USED IN MEDITECH
Presented By:- Amal Ray
Roll No:-02
Stream:-MTT
GUIDED BY-Sajal Burman
GETTS, Serampore

2. MEDITECH
 Medical textiles
 Defined as “fibre-based products and structures
used in first aid or the clinical treatment of a wound
or medical condition.”
 Hygiene textiles
 Defined as those that “deal with the absorption of
bodily waste”

3. SCOPE OF MEDICAL TEXTILES
External devices:
• wound dressings;
• orthopaedic bandages;
• pressure garments;
• prosthetic socks.
Extracorporeal
devices:
• blood filters;
• artificial kidneys;
• artificial lungs.
Dental products:
• toothbrush filaments;
• dental floss/tape.
Implantable materials:
• surgical sutures;
• vascular grafts;
• artificial ligaments;
• scaffolds for tissue engineering.
Protective and healthcare textiles:
• surgical gowns and the like;
• operating room drapes;
• sterilisation wraps;
• face masks;
• staff uniforms;
• hospital beddings and curtains;
• wipes.

4. MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Extruded polymers:
• used as filaments or tapes (or further processed).
Braided textiles:
• sutures;
• replace tendons and ligaments.
Wovens and knitteds:
• bandages, vascular grafts, hernia meshes.
Hollow fibres:
• blood filters.
Nonwovens:
• wound dressings, disposable hygiene products,
protective clothing.

5. FIBRES USED
Synthetic:
• polyamide, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene,
polytetra fluoroethylene, polyurethane.
• Biodegradable – polycaprolactone , polyglycolic acid,
polylactic acid.
Natural:
• cotton, silk, regenerated cellulose;
• chitin, alginates – wound dressings;
• collagen – artificial skin.

6. UNIQUENESS OF FIBRES USED IN
MEDICAL TEXTILES
• Pure and Hygienic
• Bio – degradable
• Fast & High absorbency
• Excellent Wicking performance
• Barrier to percolation
• Good Insulation
• High Strength
• Low Lint
•Non toxicity
•Biocompatibility
•Nonallergenic response
• Good thermal stability
• Soft feel
• Excellent drape ability
• Breathability
• Static Dissipation
• Engineered Specialties
- Anti-bacterial properties
- Medicinal

7. FIBRE /FABRIC/APPLICATION- NONIMPLANATABLE
Used for external applications and may or may contact with skin”
Products Fibre Type Fabric Structure
Absorbent pad Cotton, viscose, lyocell Nonwoven
Wound-contact layer Alginate , chitosan, silk, viscose, lyocell, cotton Woven, Nonwoven , knitted
Base material Viscose, lyocell, plastics film Woven, nonwoven
Simple non-elastic and
elastic bandages
Cotton, viscose, lyocell, polyamide,
elastomeric-fibre yarns
Woven, Nonwoven , knitted
High-support bandages Cotton, viscose, lyocell, elastomeric-fibre yarns Woven, Nonwoven , knitted
Compression bandages Cotton, viscose, lyocell, elastomeric-fibre yarns Woven, knitted
Orthopaedic bandages Cotton, viscose, lyocell, polyester fibre,
polypropylene fibre, polyurethane foam
Woven, nonwoven
Plasters Cotton, viscose, plastics film, polyester fibre,
glass fibre, polypropylene fibre
Woven, Nonwoven , knitted
Gauze dressing Cotton, viscose, lyocell, alginate fibre, chitosan Woven, Nonwoven , knitted
Lint Cotton Woven
Wadding Viscose, cotton linters, wood pulp Nonwoven
Scaffold Polyactide fibre, polyglycolide fibre, carbon Spunlaid, needle-punched
nonwoven

8. Fibre /Fabric/Application- HEALTHCARE/HYGIENE
“Used either in the operation theatre or in the hospital wards for hygiene, care
and safety of the staff and patients”
Product Fibre Type Fabric Structure
Surgical gowns Cotton, polyester, polypropylene Woven , nonwoven
Surgical caps Viscose, PP, polyester Nonwoven
Surgical masks Viscose, polyester, glass fibre Nonwoven
Surgical drapes, cloths Cotton, polyester, polypropylene Woven, Nonwoven
Surgical hosiery Cotton, polyester, polyamide fibre,
elastomeric-fibre yarns
Knitted
Blankets Cotton, polyester Woven, Knitted
Sheets, pillowcases Cotton, Poly cotton, Poly viscose Woven
Uniforms Cotton, poly Cotton, Poly viscose Woven
Proactive clothing, diaper/sheet,
coverstock
Polyester, polypropylene Nonwoven
Absorbent layer Super-absorbent polymers, wood
pulp
Nonwoven
Outer layer PE films Nonwoven
Cloths/wipes Viscose, lyocell with polyester blend Nonwoven

9. Fibre /Fabric/Application- EXTRACORPOREAL
“Used as mechanical organs that for blood purification and include artificial
kidney, the artificial liver and the mechanical lung”
Product Fibre Type Function
Artificial kidney Hollow polyester fibre, hollow
viscose
Remove waste products
from patients blood.
Artificial liver Hollow viscose Separate and dispose of
patients plasma and
supply fresh plasma
Mechanical lung Hollow polypropylene fibre, hollow
silicone membrane
Remove carbon dioxide
from patients blood and
supply fresh oxygen

10. Fibre /Fabric/Application- IMPLANTABLE
“Used in effecting repair to the body whether it is wound closure (sutures) or
replacements Surgery like vascular grafts, artificial ligaments”
Products Fibre Type Fabric Structure
Biodegradable sutures Collagen, catgut, polyglycolide fibre,
polylactide fibre
Monofilament,
braided
Non-biodegradable sutures Polyester fibre, polyamide fibre, PTFE fibre,
polypropylene fibre
Monofilament
braided
Artificial tendon PTFE fibre, polyester fibre, silk, collagen,
polyethylene fibre, polyamide fibre
Woven braided
Artificial ligament Polyester fibre, carbon fibre, collagen Braided
Artificial cartilage Low-density polyethylene
Artificial skin Chitin, Silicon, collagen Nonwoven
Eye contact lenses and artificial
cornea
Poly (methyl methacrylate) fibre, silicon fibre,
collagen
Artificial joints/bones Silicone, Carbon
Vascular grafts PTFE fibre, polyester fibre Woven, knitted
Heart valves Polyester fibre Woven, knitted

11. SUTURES
Monofilament or multifilament
threads.
Biodegradable – internal wound
closures.
Non biodegradable – external.
Biocompatible.

12. VASCULAR GRAFTS
Used in surgery to replace damaged
arteries.
Woven or knitted PET or PTFE.
Crimped to prevent kinks.
Velour surface promotes tissue growth.
Collagen impregnation to prevent
blood leakage.

13. CARDIAC SUPPORT DEVICE
Mesh sack.
Warp knitted, multifilament PET.
Prevents enlargement of the
heart for patients with
degenerative heart failure.

14. EMBROIDERED IMPLANTS
Designed for patient who
needed extensive shoulder
reconstruction.
Surgeon requested an implant
with multiple attachment points.

15. LAMINATED NONWOVENS
Protection as well as breathability
Breathable viral barrier BVBTM:
• tri laminate PP-based composite
material with a breathable film;
• outer layer provides strength and
some fluid resistance;
• inner layer provides softness;
• middle layer blocks viruses and
bacteria, but permeable to moisture
vapour.

16. POLYTRIMETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE
(PTT)
PET
PTT
Superior softness, durability, wrinkle
recovery and dyeability.
Recovery from 20% elongation:
• PET – 29%
• PTT – 88%

17. COMPOSITES
Bone plates and screws:
• used to treat fractures;
• stiffness mismatch
impacts on
healing;
• thermoplastic polymer
composites being studied.

18. CONCLUSIONS
 Standards for meditech products needs to be developed in
harmony , particularly for healthcare
 Benefits of good products need to be percolated more effectively
with user industry
▪Technology for production of most of the speciality fibres is available,
but due to lack of demand, the production is negligible.
▪ Hitech fibre technologies are available glogally, but needs domestic
demand to make the investments workable

19. REFERENCES
1. Alister D. Muir, Neil D. Westcott, Flax: The Genus Linum.
http://books.google.com/books?id=j0zDO165tHcC&pg., page 3 (August
1, 2003).
2. Cleland LG, James MJ. Rheumatoid arthritis and the balance of
dietary N-6 and N-3
Essential fatty acids. Br J Rheumatol 1997 May; 36(5):513-4 1997
3.Faculty of Technology, Bolton Institute, Deane Road, Bolton BL3
5AB, UK
4. http://www.bccresearch.com/editors/RGB-309.html.
5. Gupta, B. S. Medical textile structures: An overview. Med. Plast.
Biomater. 1998, 5(1),

20. THANK YOU