Chinese Culture In Australia

Chinese Culture In Australia
Chinese and Europeans have both migrated to Australia for many different reasons. Both cultures
have changed and adapted to better suit this country, yet their cultures remain vastly different. The
main difference in culture is regarding the family.
Traditionally, both Chinese and European culture shared a similar view of gender roles: that the
male was the breadwinner, and the female looked after the home and family. In Australia, it seems
gender roles for both are changing with time and are now determined by individual family
preference rather than traditional culture (Metro South Health. 2015).
European Australian, or western, values are believed to be an extension of rights to the individual. In
comparison the Chinese, "place more value on the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These values are identified as autonomy, intimacy, aspiration and acceptance. They touch on the
individual's ability for self–direction, a need for love, friendship and social acceptance. They also
touch on an individual's ambition regarding success and achievements. These values reflect the
needs of individuals, and do not take communal or familial needs into account.
Historically, English couples were expected to build their own home, living separately to their
parents. Due to this practice, it is a widely believed myth, that in Australia, extended families are not
held in high regard. A survey conducted by the Australian institute of family studies, showed that
physical and emotional support was utilised both to and from extended family and that frequent
contact with extended family takes place in approximately 66% of families. The use of cars and
phones make keeping in contact much easier, even though families may be spread out geologically.
The four main family values in Chinese culture are achieving security and prosperity, respect and
filial piety, harmony and importance of family. All these values strive to ensure the families stability
and
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Aboriginal Culture In Australia
Many artists use their culture in art work as a way to express themselves which also can reflect on
the society or environment where the art piece was created. Art is used to communicate idea
influenced by the positive and negative impacts from society. Society plays an important role in
shaping one's personality and depending on the Artists art work it can sometimes a representation of
spiritual meanings, political views and emotionally motivated thoughts which can be seen by the
viewers within the piece. There are many ways visual artists express their emotions through their art,
producing an art piece while in an emotional frame of mind can result in the emotions reaching the
canvas. Art motivates and influences people that's why, most people ... Show more content on
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Many artists have crossed over into media art transforming many activities such as, painting,
sculptures or drawing. Digital art roughly started in 1960 as artists started trying to create art with
computers. computers are used in all forms of art today, from photography, illustrations and fine art.
To many people art has been significantly influenced by the development in digital technology. The
ongoing progression has introduced many new, more striking and greater materials for artists to
design more creative pieces. The innovation of technology has expanded and opened new artistic
frontiers that have reduced time in the execution of the piece, allowing more time to be focused on
the ideas. Due to new technologies that are now available can sometimes had negative effects on not
only the art pieces but the artists. The technology of digital art offers a mean of expression that's was
never possible before. The artists different emotions are reflected in his work, which may cause their
work to become repetitive and lacking imagination. Therefore, the creativity flame dies out, the tide
of inspiration withdraws and the building blocks of the artists imagination freezes. The way society
uses technology, digital art and modern techniques have had such a major impact on art form
painting and drawing. Artists in the past had

Australian National Culture
Contemporary Australian television is a heterogeneous site that gives valuable insights into the
various tendencies that cohere to make what is considered to be Australia's national culture. By
examining the different cultural and spatial levels of Australian television, including demographics,
ethnicity, stereotypes and global influences, it becomes clear how convoluted the sense of Australian
national culture is. This is due to the understanding of Australian culture itself not being a unified
category. Therefore, this begs the question of whether the national Australian culture revealed on
television is aligned with the national Australian culture that is evident throughout physical reality of
society today.
As evident within Australian society, Australia's culture is made up of stringent and complex sets of
ethic, values and beliefs. Due to its multiculturalist outlook there is a strong premise among
Australian people that Australians on a whole are very accepting and tolerant people. Additionally,
Australian's believe that as people they themselves are peaceful and laid–back. When dissecting
Australian culture most will agree that Australian's believe in comradeship, 'mateship' and the "fair
go". However, whilst this idealized image of Australian culture is a prevalent opinion, it is
questionable that this image is mirrored within contemporary Australian television.
Australia is a nation rich in ethnic diversity. Despite this, it is clear that the Australia

Characteristics Of Australian Culture
Australian Culture
Australian culture is complex and diverse, formed by many factors in the past, and is always
evolving. Culture is the collective regard to the meaning of achievements or heritage in a society
within a geographical region. Learned behavior, products of those behaviors, common values,
geology, and outside influences are some major factors that define a culture. All cultures are unique
due to these characteristics that define them (Samiksha, 2017). This causes every culture to be
diverse and complex while also having similarities to others. Australian has a unique culture formed
by harsh environments, colonial influence, conflicting social groups, and government policies of
multiculturalism.
Australia is an isolated continent that primarily contains inhospitable barren environments. It is both
smallest continent and one of the largest countries. Australia is located south of Indonesia between
the Indian Ocean, Coral Sea, and the Pacific Ocean. Most of the continent has a low relief and arid
climate, creating harsh conditions outside of the Pacific coastal region. The Great Dividing Range of
mountains separates this more forgiving region from Outback, the vast inland that is mostly
uninhabited (Powell, et al., 2017). Being separated from other continents facilitated isolation until
Australia was colonized by the British Empire.
Due to less interaction with western civilization until colonization and harsh terrain created the
diverse beginning of

H&M Entering Australia
Executive Summary
Table of Contents
Introduction –
Hennes and Mauritz (H&M) was first established in 1947 and have since expanded internationally
and currently operate in 34 countries (H&M, 2009). As H&M continues to expand every year, the
following report has chosen Australia as the new market, where analysis has been conducted to
provide H&M with recommendations of which market entry method they should adopt and the
threats and issues they must overcome to be able to succeed.
1.0 – Country Analysis – Australia
For the purpose of this report H&M (Hennes & Mauritz) has chosen Australia as the foreign country
in which they wish to enter and introduce their products. Australia is the largest island, however, is
also the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore, for the purpose of this report, two specific market segments have been selected and
profiled to provide an overview of which segments H&M should specially target when launching in
Melbourne.
3.1 – Profile One – Women 's outwear segment
The foremost market segment that H&M should target would be the women 's outerwear segment
which includes all garments from tops to blouses to jackets (REFERENCE). Main reason being, this
market segment is reasonably profitable with a Retail Value of over $3000 million (Refer to figure
XX), where women have traditionally been the dominate consumer in the clothing and footwear
industry (REFERENCE). However, there appears to be a new social trend where men are becoming
more fashion–minded and are also looking for cheaper options (REFERENCE). In recent times,
there has been a change in preference for young women, where they do not only demand for high
quality yet fashionable products, it must also be low priced (REFERENCE). H&M should then be
able to target this segment, as the company 's core concept coincides with this new trend. Where
H&M 's women 's clothing are designed for women of all ages who are fashion minded, where its
product line includes "everything from modern basics to tailored classics, sportswear, maternity
clothes and cutting–edge fashion." (H&M, 2008, pg. 17). However, for the purpose of this report
and to make it easier to target, the primary segment will be young women aged 18 to 24, while the

Britain and American Influence on Australian Pop Culture...
The Influence of American and British Popular Culture on Australia in the 1950s
In the 1950s America and Britain influenced Australia's popular culture in a number of ways.
Although Australia's national identity is evident in every part of popular culture, America and
Britain both had a significant impact on the development of Australian culture since World War
Two. Throughout out the decade they changed the way people thought about Australian fashion,
music and entertainment. Fashion was based around celebrity images and American cinema and
television became a big hit.
In the 1950s, the fashion industry was based mostly around teenagers and young adults. Before this
time, adolescents were expected to follow in their parents' ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Movies starring young men as the main character such as The Wild One and Rebel Without a Cause
inspired young men to follow punk style fashion trends. Wearing blue jeans, a white t–shirt, and a
leather jacket became popular around this time, and it was causing a generation of young men to
change their attitudes. This trend became "a symbol of teenage rebellion for boys everywhere."
However, not all boys were following this punk style of fashion. Many were leaning more towards
the British styles and trends, including the 'teddy boy' style, which consisted of high waisted, narrow
'drain pipe' trousers, long jackets, slim ties and large, shiny, pointed shoes.
(http://www.skwirk.com/p–c_s–14_u–189_t–506_c–1873/nsw/history/australia's–social–and–
cultural–history–in–the–post–war–period/social–and–cultural–features–of–the–1950s/fashion–in–
the–1950s)
By the 1950s it was becoming easier for more Australians to afford music products such as radios
and vinyl records. Before television was introduced in Australia, radio was evidently the most
popular form of entertainment. By 1955 and estimated 97% of Australian households owned a radio
set. In the 1950s radio announcers often used American accents to make their products seem
appealing and modern to young audiences. The vinyl record played a huge part of music in the
1950s because it was a new exciting and affordable way

Internal Environmental Analysis Of Mcdonalds
5.2 Internal Environmental Analysis of McDonald's
McKinsey's 7s Analysis
Strategy
It is noted that the Australian McDonald's is making more profits than that of the US. The Australian
branches are providing a choice in food and allowing the customers to order their style of products.
The menu has been made in a way that it helps in improving the ingredients and also making sure
the food products match the cultural taste of the country (Peterson, 2015).
Structure
The structure of McDonald's is based on franchising and all of the franchises in Australia are owned
by experienced owners who understand the food culture of Australia (McDonald's, 2016).
Systems
It is noted that the organisation prefers to prioritise its suppliers, employees and store managers to
conduct proper business operations (McDonald's, 2012).
Shared Values
It has been noted that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This can be either in terms of quality, specific design or feature and availability. (Lewis, 2013).
McDonald's Australia can make use of this technique in Australia to differentiate its products
according to the needs and demands of the people in the country. The food products can be based on
the Australian community. The demand of the customers in Australia at present for healthier option
can be fulfilled by differentiating its products with lower level of fat. The strategy of differentiation
also provides organisation with a competitive advantage over its rivals because of the ability to stand
ahead of competition (Gimbert, 2011). This way the company will provide the customers with better
products than the competitors like Burger King and Subway. The increased focus on the aspect of
health and the incorporation of the taste of the Australian community can make the customers to buy
the products of McDonald's Australia and not its

Influence Of Popular Culture In The 1960s
Australian popular culture in the 1960s had multiple features, many of which were influenced by the
social changes and counter culture at the time. The primary aspects of Australian popular culture in
the 1960s were; music, fashion, film, sport and television. In Australia, the fashion of the 1960s
emulated the political and cultural changes at the time. This fashion revolution was youth driven and
showed their rejection of social standards. For women, the mini skirt came into trend, introduced by
fashion icon Twiggy (Leslie Hornby). This above–the–knee skirt came into fashion in a revolt
against people telling women how to express themselves and their bodies that came with the
womens rights movement and the introduction of the pill. Men wore tunics, capes and more
feminine clothing as pants became tighter and they dawned silk scarfs. This shift from masculine
clothing to dabbling in the side of feminine, was because of the changing idea of gender and
sexuality. Men also tried to recreate the look of the Beatles; in sharp and clean suits due the bands
popularity at the time. Nearing the end of the 1960s, hippie fashion came into style. This era of
fashion was dominated by bright, swirling colours, tie–dye, paisley prints, loose fitting clothing,
flowers, peace signs, etc. This change in fashion was in response to the Vietnam war. People wore
their clothes as a political statement, showing their embracement towards love and freedom. 1960s
music in Australia was heavily

Black rock, Nick Enright Essay
Today I'll be talking about the play "Blackrock" that I've been studying in class this term, the
purpose of this speech is to make us think how Australian drama challenges us to think about
Australian culture and identity, and the impacts it can have on us as person and as a community.
"Guys stick up for their mates no matter what"
"Blackrock" is a play written by Nick Enright that provides insight into Australian culture. Through
the violent rape of a teenage girl, the audience is challenged to consider the values and attitudes still
prevalent in Australia today. Enright uses authentic and raw Australian characters to reveal inherent
patriarchal attitudes towards women and the problems with a society that promotes sexual double ...
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The boy's in "Blackrock" often partake in risk taking behaviour in order to gain respect within their
group and this can lead to a detrimental gang mentality. In the third scene Jared reveals to his friend
Rachel why he is so loyal to his good friend Ricko. "He's been my mate since forever..." he says,
with the use of emotive dialogue and colloquial language. The authenticity conveyed through the
emotive and colloquial language shows the seemingly positive impact that Ricko has had on Jared.
After his Dad "split" he didn't have a male role model and was what he called a "total fuck–up" or
someone to guide him in the hyper–masculine world. He found security in Ricko and in return Jared
defends Ricko at all costs, this shows the encouraging aspects of mateship, where boys can find
sense of belonging in their friendships. However, Jared's idealisation of Ricko blinds him to the
realities of his aggressive personality.
The impact of mateship and how easy it is for somebody to be pressured into doing something just
to 'fit in' is highlighted in scene six. Ricko forces a boy named Toby who has only recently been
fixated into the group into performing the 'ring of fire' as the other Blackrock boys cheer him on.
"You're the barbeque, mate." It is shown as a type of initiation for the Blackrock boys; Toby

Japanese and Australian Culture: Food and Cuisine
Food and cuisine is one of the most important and influential aspects of how a country's culture is
shaped and by looking at how this has been accomplished, it is clear to see direct links between
dishes and aspects of Japanese and Australian Culture. REFERENE By researching a meal from
each country, Okonomiyaki and Damper, connections are made and analysed between identity,
culture and the communication.
Cuisine is a big factor in the identity of a culture and many people will list food as a factor that
makes a country what it is, even using Damper for an example, many people see it is an Australian
classic and part of Australia's history. Analysing these two iconic recipes, we can begin to view what
kinds of communication is used and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Okonomiyaki was invented before the Second World War and both during and post war it was
extremely popular.
Damper is such a popular dish and one reason is that it is so famous because it has strong roots in
australia.The damper was made by both Australia aboriginals and swagmen alike. Damper is
classically known to be served with billy tea and because of the shortage of 'true' traditional food in
Australia, this is somewhat special as it has been passed down and made for centuries. Okonomiyaki
has been famous for a long time because of the sudden popularity before the Second World War. It
started out as a snack food and has grown into a lunch item with specialist restaurants. Okonomiyaki
is almost never served at normal restaurants, and this is a reason that it has become so famous.
Okonomiyaki is a famous and recognisable food and is mainly associated with Kansai and
Hiroshima.
Okonomiyaki started out as a cheap alternative to rice as it was scarce during World War II. It was
served to children and now this trend continues and grows, shaping Japan's culture along with it.
Okonomiyaki may have started a simple, yet over the years more ingredients have been added and
Japan gained a new cultural aspect, Teppanyaki. Though not solely associated with Teppanyaki,
Okonomiyaki is one of the most related dishes. Teppanyaki is a style of cooking and what most
would call a big cultural aspect of Japan. Teppanyaki is cooking with an iron griddle

The Aboroginal Cultures of Australia
Aboriginal cultures are multifaceted and diverse. The Aboriginal cultures of Australia are the oldest
living cultural history in the world – they go back at least 50,000 years and some dispute nearer to
that of 65,000 years . One of the solitary reasons Aboriginal cultures have endured for so long is
their ability to become accustomed to, and have the ability to change over time. It was this affinity
with their surrounds that goes a long way to explaining how Aboriginal people survived for so many
millennia. Land is fundamental to the security of Aboriginal people. The land is not just soil, rocks
or minerals, but a whole setting that is maintained by people and culture. For the aboriginals, the
land is the centre of all spirituality and this correlation and the spirit of 'country' is vital to the issues
that are imperative to their people. Indigenous citizens worldwide have in no way been ceded their
power. At the time of European 'Discovery of the New World' the aboriginal community were a
superior body with utmost control over their own affairs. The aboriginal people did not rely on any
outside sources of reign for influence. Divergence was inevitable, consequently so, when Europeans
perceived to assert sovereignty over all the territories of the New World. The right to basic
privileges was foreshadowed by the European reign. Aboriginal people have been attempting to
regain control over their own affairs ever since.
There are numerous examples that are relevant for

Belonging Quotes In Jasper Jones
Good Afternoon teachers and students, The following texts express how an individuals
understanding of belonging can quickly be changed by the people and place around them. "Jasper
Jones a novel written by Craig Silvey", it is a short story of a boy named Charles Butkins and the
events that occurred because he helped Jasper Jones mask the death of Laura Wishart. "Australia by
Ania Walwicz", is attacking the people of Australia in the form of a poem, because of their point of
views and attitudes in life. She also hates Australia itself because the people are not welcoming, this
is the main point of this poem. In Jasper Jones, the main idea of belonging is represented through
friends and their friendships and how they change through time and different circumstances.
Through the use of Anaphora in short sentences, it gives the effect of an emotional resonance by
drawing the reader into the words. Anaphora can evoke a number of emotions but in this case, it is
predominantly showcasing anger and disgust. A perfect example of this technique is a quote taken
from Jasper Jones "He's a thief, He's a liar, He's a thug, He's a truant". The example I formerly
introduced shows how Jasper Jones and his friendships and family help him and also change
throughout the story. Belonging to a family and even friends enriches a person dramatically and
makes them feel happy and comfortable with the people around them. Similarly, how a person is
treated where they live can drastically change their sense of self. This is visible for the whole
duration of the poem Australia (By Walwicz) through the distinct voice of the persona. Through the
use of Allegory and very basic language, it helps make an emphasis on every word, this quote taken
from the novel interprets the statement beforehand, "you big ugly. you too empty.". The writer
portrays her emotion as they are and does not elaborate on them because of her poor English in the
poem which also depicts that she is an outsider to Australia as a country and illustrates her as
different to the rest of the population that is fluent in English. The poet feels limited because of the
way that the Australian culture treats new people and how she wasn't accepted into the community.
The examples

Rape Culture In Australia
"Five rugby league players have consequently been charged with raping and sexually assaulting a
mildly disabled 18–year–old woman at a sevens tournament," none of them faced charges. (English,
2004). Apparently, "Some of the boys love a bun. Gang–banging is nothing new for our club or the
rugby league," reported a player from the Canterbury Bulldogs, an Australian Rugby league team
(English, 2004). The frequency of rape allegations and the lack of consequence for athletes is
reflected in Australian culture. Normal citizens and elite sportsman have many similarities that may
be leading to the high amount of rapes in Australia. Confusion on what rape is, male perception of
masculinity, rapes portrayal in the media, and the objectification of women are possibly leading to
high levels of rape by both groups. Rape culture in Australian athletic institutions and within the
general public are highly parallel; both have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sports are insinuated into the daily lives of Australian citizens (Rowe, 2018). So, when the media
and sports coverage is combined, the news is quickly seen by Australians. When the Sydney Harold
posted a story about an AFL player's rape trial the article was only up for 23 minutes around 10 pm,
and in that time around 6,000 views had occurred (Krien, 2013). Continuous articles of athletes
getting away with rape are not just seen by the public, but by other athletes as well. If there is no
consequence to an action, then it can be seen as acceptable. When the Canterbury Bulldogs had six
players accused of assaulting a twenty–year–old in a hotel pool, the story had to make the news
(English, 2004). Despite the entire country seeing the victim's story, the players got off without
charge (English, 2004). Instances like this show that even under immense public scrutiny, rape in
Australia can destroy the victim's life but not affect the perpetrator. Both Australian athletes and the
public see alleged rapists get off the

Australian Culture : Australia, Australian Icon, Sport,...
Summary:
This document prepares a detail description of Australian context in various domains and skills. It
includes discussions such as indigenous culture of Australia, Australian Icon, sport, politics, slangs,
icons, curriculum and ancient history of Australia.
This document is intended to give a brief review on these selected topics from an Australian point of
view.
Exercise 1:
Australian Indigenous Culture:
Indigenous Australia is not just one particular group. Islanders and aboriginals altogether have
different thoughts, beliefs and ideas. The culture is a blend of contemporary and traditional belief
and practices. These culture overlaps and evolved over time. Eg Rainbow Serpent.These aboriginals
and Islanders has developed and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But as seen today people live their way over wide style raging from the aboriginal culture to the new
European culture. Today we see many aboriginal living mixed ways of life adopting the new
influenced European culture to the old existing culture, but somehow maintaining a tinge of the old
culture they are brought up with.
Exercise 2:
Australian Sports:
Timothy Filiga "Tim" Cahill also known famously as Tim Cahill is a famous Australian soccer
player. He currently plays in Chinese Super League for Shanghai Shenhua. An all time top goal
scorer for the Australian National Football team. A strong midfielder , but Cahill was well known for
his attacking and powerful approach and a good header in the penalty area with a score of 20 goals
in heading alone. He has played for various A league teams around the world eg NewYork Red
Bulls, Everton. High profile player in the AFC(Asian Football Confederation) with over 80 caps and
about 40 goals for Australia. First Australian to score in a world cup and went on to score in 3 world
cups with a total tally of 5 goals.
Born and brought up in Sydney, New south Wales with an English Father and a Samoan mother, he
had his first football when he was a small child although he started playing in Samoan Rugby
League. He started playing football as a young boy for Balmain Police Boys club and many more
other clubs. His brother Chris Cahill is the Samoan football team captain and

Ethical Diversity In Australia
It is through the representation of Australian media that the recognition of ethical diversity is
constructed and challenged. The term 'Australianness' is a paradigm of the values, culture and
tradition that makes Australia Australian. The television soap 'Neighbours', represents ideas of
'Australianness' through the casting of diverse characters, the theme of an Australian neighbourhood
and the setting. However, Australian media has challenged the idea of 'Australianness' by failing to
reveal diversity in a multicultural population. The media has represented 'Australianness', through a
'typical' Australian family, blonde hair, blue eyes mostly white Anglo–Saxon. This impression has
challenged the cultural makeup of Australia and the way Australians ... Show more content on
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Neighbours have seen its share of diversity one is the casting of the first indigenous character 'Nate'
played by Meyne Wyatt. His character addressed the issues of GLBTI and the battle with
posttraumatic stress. People who can relate to these issues allows them to feel a sense of connection
with the fictional character and raises awareness to the audiences. Furthermore, Neighbours has
introduced two mixed–race brothers 'Leo' played by Tim Kano and 'David' by Takaya Honda. Both
actors have Japanese fathers and European mothers. Neighbours have shown the Japanese heritage
through these characters and how the meaning of the culture. The character 'David' is secretly gay
and is scared to tell his family who take the Japanese culture seriously. The audience is presented
with the issue in today's world of sexuality and how it impacts the individual. In a news article, Tim
Kano expresses his thoughts on Australian media having different ethnicities and races on the show.
"In any other series, we'd just have a small guest – but they are establishing us as multicultural,
mixed–heritage characters." Therefore, the recruitment of multicultural actors helps construct the
true 'multicultural'

Americanisation in Australia Essays
Last time I checked the name of our country was not Ausmerica! So why are we slowly letting
America make us the 51st state of the USA? The American media and imports have caused
Australian culture to become submerged in the generic cosmopolitanism of the US!
Good morning/afternoon Ms Bui and class today I will be speaking to you about the
Americanisation of Australia's language and culture through music, film and television.
The national spread of American media including; TV, film and music has been the cornerstone of
Americanisation in Australia since 1945, the end of world war two. 'Britain's Farm' and 'America's
Junior Partner': that is what Australia was labelled as, around the end World War II. Prior to WWII it
is argued Australia ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
And when was the last time you heard about Delta? The latest of the two I do believe was Chris
brown and when you think about it delta has not been in the news or magazines or anything for a
while now.
This leads me to products and how product placement is also americanising us. I mean we see
famous people drinking Starbucks coffee and junk food from MacDonalds and burger king on TV so
we want to drink coffee from Starbucks and buy from burger king?well at least we call it hungry
jacks?we changed something. The point is places like MacDonalds, Hungry Jacks, KFC, and Red
Rooster are all imported shops from America even products we thought were owned and operated
and all by Australia aren't I mean take?vegemite for example purely Australian? I don't think so, it is
owned and operated by the Americans even all the ingredients are imported there is now not one
thing that is Australian about vegemite!
Many a time Australia copies America willingly for e.g. how many of us played with Barbies when
we were younger? I'm sure not to many of us would have even played with beanie kids instead. And
trick or treating?! It is fast becoming popular here. Seriously how long will it be till were celebrating
"thanksgiving" and "July 4th"??
It is becoming a disgrace; we are already too much like America! Everyone knows everything about
USA! Mention George Washington and we all know he was the first president of the US, but
mention Edmund Barton

Culture of Australia and Corporate Social Responsibility
What is Corporate Social Responsibility and how could this influence the organizational behavior of
"BreadTalk"?
Corporate Social Responsibility refers to a company's sense of responsibility towards the
community and environment in which it operates. Companies express this citizenship through their
waste and pollution reduction processes, by contributing educational and social programs, and by
earning adequate returns on the employed resources. CSR is also considered as a strategy to create,
develop and sustain positive company reputation and brand images.
BreadTalk who owns businesses in China had practiced in CSR programme during one of the
world's most horrifying disasters – the Sichuan earthquake which happened on 12th May 2008. ...
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Why is an understanding of cultural differences important to the Business Managers at 'BreadTalk'?
To assist the Managers of 'BreadTalk' to decide if they should expand to Australia, briefly describe
the Australian culture.
Understanding of cultural differences is important to Business Managers when it comes to
international business. With the understanding of cultural differences and cultural sensitivity, it helps
organizations ensure that communication across borders is effective and business transactions are
successful. As every country have their own cultural standards which strongly influence workplace
values and business communication, what may be considered perfectly acceptable and natural in one
country can be considered confusing or offensive in another country. Hence, it is important for
Business Managers at BreadTalk to fully understand the culture of Australia before deciding if they
should expand 'BreadTalk' to Australia.
The Australia F&B industry is recognized worldwide for its high quality and healthy image,
innovative manufacturing and packaging technologies. The country also has a reputation as a clean,
healthy and disease–free environment. Food quality and safety issues are becoming important
considerations to consumers globally. Australia has a wide variety of takeaway food as well and one
of them is Asian bakery stores which sells different toppings over a thick piece of bread.
Managers at BreadTalk should also research on the

American Culture And Business Culture
Introduction
This report consists of the issues on whether it can or cannot be argued that culture shapes the way
business is done in a country. The country that is focused in this report is America. It also discusses
on the major distinguishing features of American culture and business culture in comparison to
current Australian culture. The impact that culture has on business performance is also taken into
consideration and how this affects the performance of the staff members and their work. In addition,
this report also includes concepts where Australia as a country could maybe adopt ways of American
business culture or develop on the existing culture. The purpose of this report is to develop a fair
understanding on various cultures ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Exactly as Cultures far and wide have affected American society, today American society impacts
the world. As the third largest nation on the planet with a population of more than 315 Million, the
United States is the most socially varied nation on the planet.
Australian society then again is altogether different to that of American society. For example,
Australians are not as devoted as Americans. A portion of the patriotism could be ascribed to the
noteworthy exhibit of American accomplishments that incorporates landing on the moon, taking a
heading part in stopping Nazi Germany, designing the web and winning 30% of Nobel prizes. Then
again, in Australia patriotism is been considered as a negative idea in a few viewpoints. However,
Australians demonstrate their appreciation by directing ANZAC days for officers and many others.
A standout amongst the most vital distinction that I have generally perceived is the society contrast
in Universities. Australian colleges are more subject to government for examination subsidizing,
which has delivered as learned society characterized by promotion as opposed to interest.
Additionally, of course, few individuals inside the colleges see any issues with Australia 's
intelligent surroundings as helping the poor rankings. For example, when clarifying Australia 's low
positioning in 2014, University of Melbourne vice–chancellor Glyn Davis credited them to the cuts
on government financing.
The

Australian English and National Identity
What does Australian English look and sound like today, and how does it reflect our identity as a
nation?
Language use in Australia constantly and rapidly changes to reflect the ever–evolving Australian
national identity. It is being influenced by American culture, through its pervasive media, and
altered to create a unique identity that addresses the needs of the younger Australians. Technology,
the loss and gain of expressions, changing perception of taboo words and political correctness also
attribute to the way that language has evolved to fabricate our national identity. American culture is
increasingly affecting the way Australians use language. The dominance and omnipresence of the
US entertainment industry, be it film, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many young Australians no longer use or are even familiar with many rich and expressive
expressions of Australian culture that the older would have regularly used. Idioms and expressions
like 'beyond the black stump' and 'you've got Buckley's' have become unknown to many young
Australians. However, Australian expressions are not just on the decline in the youth population.
New expressions are also being coined, though many are much ruder, like 'as much chance as
pushing shit uphill with a rubber fork' or 'face like a festered pickle' have also added character to
Australian English and accelerated linguistic evolution, particularly when used in preference to
older expressions by the young. As Bruce Moore says, "Australian English is central to the process
of giving voice to our Australian identity: in important ways, we are what we speak, and we are how
we speak". This great transformation in the expression–use by the people of Australia will define our
linguistic identity in the future and reflects clearly our evolving national identity and who we choose
to be.
The national identity of Australia has also developed strangely when dealing with taboo, especially
with the younger Australians. Many youths no longer find many profanities as rude or taboo as the
older generations, in particular with words like "fuck", "shit" and "bloody" which used to be packed
with a certain punch. In fact, many of these words are actually used as interjections ("Shit! No
way!"),

Key Areas Of The Australian Identity
Abstract
This report explores 4 key areas of the Australian Identity which includes, Traditional values and
how sport affects the nation and how the passion of teams brings happiness. Stereotypes expressing
that not all Australian appearances are bogans or tanned beach boys and that not the whole of
Australia is covered by deserts. Diversity and Change explores how religion and culture affects the
nation and how Australia has become a multiculturalist nation and supporting many religions and
races but also shows how not everyone gets along with these agreements and decisions for cultures.
Finally, Contradictions of how Australia really is and how the people within Australia create
typecasts of how everyone acts and does in Australia.
1. Introduction
The purpose of this report is to find and explain the role of Traditional Values, Stereotypes,
Contradictions and Diversity and how it impacts the Australian Identity. The report explains how
sport impacts traditional values and what it means to the community, Stereotypes of how Australians
really look but are stereotyped by others about their appearance, how religion has affected Australia
and brings diverse cultures and recs into Australian creating change and finally contradictions where
Australians have been contradicted to norms and express tourists to visit the desert rather the cities
and contradicting itself to say our cities are boring.
2. Traditional Values
2.1 Sport
"Thousands across Australia gather before

Australian National Identity
Identify and discuss the nature of national identity in Australia. How has/have national identify/ies
been portrayed and maintained and which groups have been excluded?
The nature of Australian's national identity has been an ongoing debate for many years. It involves
how Australians see themselves, and how other countries view Australia as a whole. Throughout the
country's history, the national identity has not remained constant, and currently it is a debate to what
Australian's true national identity is. As the original country to settle in Australia (excluding
Aboriginals), British Culture has a strong influence in Australia. Australia was originally a colony of
Britain, and therefore its national identity was very similar to ... Show more content on
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As a young country, Australia feels like they have to prove themselves, and they reckon the best way
for them to do that is on the competitive playing field(2). The nation's character and identity always
seems to be on trial during international sporting events, and the nation prides themselves on
international victory. Victories against England and the United States are especially sweet to
Australians because of their relationship with these superpower countries. Matches against New
Zealand are also of the utmost importance to Australians pride because of the proximity of their
neighboring country. Issues of national identity are always at stake when Australia competes against
these countries. Other than cricket, Australians pride themselves on many other sports. After the
debacle of the 1976 summer Olympic games where Australia won no medals, the Australian
Institute of Sport was created. This institute brought all sports back into the national limelight and
reminded Australians how important sport was to their national identity. Other sports Australia
prides themselves on are tennis, swimming, rugby, soccer, and their very own Australian Rules
Football. This is a game that gives them a sense of national identity because they created it.
Although it is based mainly in Victoria, it is very heavily followed in the region. People are mostly
fans of one particular team (usually in

Essay on Identity: Culture of Australia
Expository Essay
Prompt– The power to of the group is often the cause of losing our individual identity.
The question of identity is always a difficult one for those living in a culture or group, yet belonging
to another. This difficulty frequently remains in the mind of most immigrants, especially the second
generations who were born in a country other than their parents. Younger generations feel as if they
are forced to change to fit the social standards despite previous culture or group. Furthermore those
who wish to adopt a new identity of a group or culture haven't yet been fully accepted by original
members due to their former identity.
Living with a different culture to our roots can lead to changes in our lives. Migrating to ... Show
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A major influence on Alice's identity was when she was a young child and her grandmother would
tell her stories about events that occurred in Cambodia. In Alice's teenage years, her beloved
grandmother has a stroke, developed disabilities and eventually had passed away. It is around this
time where serious psychological problems occur for Alice. This almost forces her into a mental
state in which she knows she does not fit in with the Australian culture. She believed she had to do
everything she could to change that otherwise Alice knew she would break down mentally. Alice
was forced to attempt to fit the social standards of Australia.
The actions of adopting a new identity by putting yourself into a different group can lead to not only
the new group not fully accepting you but also your original group will see you as a totally different
person. At the age of 13 I played basketball for the under 14s side. We were all very close and had
formed great friendships throughout the season. The following season I was asked to play above my
age group. Without thinking twice I accepted what I thought was a great opportunity. A few days
pasted and it was the day of my first training session with the older group. Throughout the 2 hours
of training I did not enjoy myself at all. No one would pass me the ball and it was as if they didn't
want me there. To be honest I didn't want to be there neither. I decided to return to my own age

Art Style Of Appropriation Essay
Art Style Of Appropriation Essay Appropriation is the intentional borrowing, copying, and alteration
of pre–existing images and objects. Appropriation artists intentionally copy images to take
possession of them in their art. They are not stealing or plagiarizing or passing off these images as
their very own. Appropriation artists want the viewer to identify the images they copy, and hope that
the viewer will bring all of his/her original connotations with the image to the artist 's new context,
be it a painting, a sculpture, a collage, a combine or an entire installation. The deliberate "copying"
of an image for this new context is called "recontextualization." Recontextualization aids the artist
comment on the image 's original meaning and the viewer 's association with the original image or
the real thing. An example of appropriation is Charles Meere's oil on wax on cardboard artwork
titled 'Australian Beach Pattern' which was appropriated by modern day artist Anne Zahalka titled
'The Bathers, from the series Bondi: playground of the Pacific' in 1990. The use of appropriation is
clearly adopted by Zahalka from Meere's artwork evident through the setting in which is a beach
side on the sand for both, featuring individuals and families from a range of age groups all
participating in a certain activity. They are both busy landscapes with a lot of clutter and disorder,
they are detailed and have many aspects to the artworks. It is obvious that Meere's artwork was

The Men of the Open Spaces
THE MEN OF THE OPEN SPACES
Identity is a very important part of being Australian; it is a feeling of being associated with a
national group, defined by a common heritage, which may be based on many attributes, including
race, territory, language and history. "The Men of the Open Spaces", written be Will H. Ogilvie
addresses these issues of Australian identity, constructing a powerful representation of the Australian
'bush ' culture. The text uses past views of popular culture that are still ubiquitous today, to construct
a sense of national ideology. The text focuses on a very traditional concept of nationhood and
constructs a stereotypical representation of Australian culture. This essay will explore this in relation
to the discourses ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We live in a very classless society, and when we feel someone is a high achiever we show or feel
contempt towards them, which is commonly referred to as the 'tall poppy syndrome '. This idea is
excluding wealthy or successful people in Australian society. Australian 's strong belief of
egalitarianism and anti–authoritarianism are foregrounded with relationships to the discourse of
class in society.
Australia 's environment is focused in the text and reinforces the

American Culture Vs. American Society
American Culture in comparison to Australian Culture
American society is incorporated of traditions and conventions including language, religion, food,
expressions and patriotism. It is accepted via scientists that almost every area of the world has
impacted American culture, it is known as the nation of settlers. U.S. culture is basically moulded by
the societies of Native Americans, Latin Americans, Africans and Asians.
The United States is sometimes known as a "melting point" in which diverse societies have
contributed their own different "flavours" to American culture. Exactly as Cultures far and wide
have affected American society, today American society impacts the world. As the third largest
nation on the planet with a population of more than 315 Million, the United States is the most
socially varied nation on the planet.
Australian society then again is altogether different to that of American society. For example,
Australians are not as devoted as Americans. A portion of the patriotism could be ascribed to the
noteworthy exhibit of American accomplishments that incorporates landing on the moon, taking a
heading part in stopping Nazi Germany, designing the web and winning 30% of Nobel prizes. Then
again, in Australia patriotism is been considered as a negative idea in a few viewpoints. However,
Australians demonstrate their appreciation by directing ANZAC days for officers and many others.
A standout amongst the most vital distinction that I have generally perceived

Cultural Diversity In Australia Essay
Australia has a strong cultural diversity, I will start of by explaining Australia's culture, Australia is
one of the most ethnically diverse societies of the world today, Australia has the lowest population
density per square kilometre than any other country, The Aboriginal and Torres Strait people were
the first to inhibit the land of Australia, In Australia wearing your national dress for religious or
customary purposes is widely accepted, Australian dress code can change regarding different jobs,
events or environments, but in general public there is no law on dress codes, people dress to suit
their own style or in a way to express themselves, In Australia it is polite to shake someone's hand
when you first meet them, regardless of sex, it has also become quite common to kiss someone hello
on the cheek, but this is usually if you know them quite well and it is usually between friends, it is
also social custom to look someone in the eye if you are talking to them.
Australian culture tends to be informal in their everyday interactions, most people address other
people by their first names, unless otherwise instructed, it is also customary to say please and thank
you and excuse me and sorry in most situations.
Australians celebrate all kinds of different holidays, some recognised days hold national meanings
or to commemorate a past event, which in Australia we call a public holiday, on a public holiday
some business close, but emergency services work 365 days of the

Looking for Alibrandi
Essay 1 – 'Looking for Alibrandi'
'How are the differences between Australian and Italo–Australian culture displayed by Marchetta
and what effects do they have on the protagonist Josie?"
Melina Marchetta's cult text 'Looking for Alibrandi' looks at many issues of growing up in Australia
torn between two cultures. The main protagonist Josie Alibrandi was born in Australia into a family
with strong Italian cultural links and her battle to 'find' herself and her ethnicity is one that I will
explore further.
Before exploring Josie's ethnicity it is important to outline its meaning. Ethnicity–"A complex
amalgam of language, religion, customs, symbols, literature, music, food and, as its core, an internal
and external perception of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is very clear through the construction of Katia Alibrandi and her thoughts of a daughter being
the refection of a mother. "A daughter's behaviour always reflects on how good a mother is." (p37).
Her expectations on Josie to be a 'good Italian girl' weigh heavily on the protagonist but also provide
her with a great set of well constructed guidelines to fall back on when she feels the need. Her
willingness to drop her Italian heritage when a conflict arose is something that has taken her 17
years to understand and to be able operate but took her mother a much longer period and still is yet
to have any effect on Katia as whenever conflict arises or she feels pressure she speaks fluent Italian
and is shown to be the total opposite to Josie as she displays traits linked with Australian culture, to
the point where Katia is quoted asking Christina 'Where is the Culture?, she (Josie) will marry an
Australian and their kids will eat fish and chips'. Again a derogatory comment made by Katia
indicating her dislike for the Australian culture after her bad experiences in it. This continual put
down of the culture allows Josie to gain an understanding of the importance of the Italian culture.
Marchetta uses this tool well as Katia is not only judging Josie and her growing Australian culture
but also judges Christina, her

Cultural Differences Between Australia and Mongolia
Cultural Differences between Australia and mongolia
The culture of Australia and Mongolia is different and cannot be ignored whilst doing business. The
sets of values, beliefs and rules help by Mongolians is essentially different from Australians
therefore it is important to understand what are the cultural norms and values that are prevalent in
Mongolian society in order to avoid miscommunication and enable a prosperous business future
between Australian and Mongolia business firms.
Mongolians are proud, self–confident, and independent in disposition therefore it is important to
avoid ethnocentricity in dealing with their local culture and people when doing business projects.
The condescending attitude or belief that one's ethnic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Mongolian business culture is dominated by men as is in most developing countries, although
the number of women holding high executive positions is increasing at a steady rate, particularly in
foreign companies. The same is almost similar in Australia which has a high working population of
women albeit in lower paying jobs although it is not uncommon to see women holding high
managerial positions compared to other industrialised nations (Gray et al. 2003). This would bode
well for women looking to work in Mongolia knowing that progress regarding gender equality is
being made. Australians and Mongolians share a similar culture towards their business dress sense
whereby a formal tie and jacket is required whereas women wear business suits with a skirt or
trousers. It is viewed in good light if foreigners over–dress as opposed to being under–dressed as the
first impression counts if the company wishes to be taken seriously by Mongolian businessmen and
women (Dashnyam 2003).
The most obvious cultural difference between Australia and Mongolia is the language barrier.
Australia's primary spoken and written language is English whereas 90% of Mongolians converse in
Khalkha Mongolian and write in the Cyrillic

Australian Aborigines
Believe it or not but there are still places that have embrace the cultures from their past. Australia
embraces their heritage and the natural people who were there before the Europeans came to inhabit
the area. Australia is also known for their scenery such as highlands, lowland, beaches and large
cities. The animals located in Australia are very unique, the kangaroo is the animal thought to be the
symbol of Australia. Most people in the US think of Australians as a completely different kind of
people but the truth is they are very similar.
Australia is located between two oceans the Indian and Pacific in the southern Hemisphere. It lays
just below Southeast Asia, and its total area is 2,967,892 square miles. The highest point is ... Show
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Though religion does not play a large role in their day to day life the people go to church mainly on
holidays or special occasions. There are also other religions such as nonreligious and evangelical
and fundamentalist protestant faiths.(Culturegram) Most Australians have different tastes and styles
but modern technology has brought a wide aspect of popular culture to Australia. Most Australians
enjoy relaxing on weeknights by watching television, while some still compete in other activities.
The most popular television shows are the Australia news and current affairs, drama series, made for
TV shows, and sporting events. They also enjoy leisure times by going on picnics, having barbeques
and hanging out with friends on the beach. Australians enjoy drinking and gambling, while the
teenagers hunt out dance clubs or pubs. Popular foods include the leaves of the lemon myrtle tree,
wattle seeds, and Balmain bugs. In Australia there are subcultures that pop up in their society, one of
these subcultures are "Sharpies" they are suburban youth gangs, they are violent, their name comes
from how they dress "sharp." There are also teenagers who dress like an emo person, but cannot be
called emo. Their fashion consists of tiaras, ripped jeans, leopard print band shirts from the 80's.
(smh.com) Some countercultures in Australia are hippies, they live on a 2,000

Stereotypes Of Australian Identity
When it comes to false representations and stereotypical conversations, Australia is one of the
biggest nations on the talking list. From choosing a barbeque with mates over work to kids riding
kangaroos to school, it leave many australians with one question. Are we being represented as the
raw product, or are texts twisting the facts to make us seem far from the normality? Australia is one
of the worst countries for having pointless and prefabricated ideas of "Aussiness" that basically has
no real relation to our true 'culture' or the way in which we really see ourselves. We, however, reach
for these stereotypes when trying to find some expression of our Australian identity. However,
sometimes these representations and ideas of national identity have not depicted the way the rest of
the nation sees it. Deep inside the 'reality' of texts today background shows another side that can be
often overlooked. These can be found the film, Red Dog. And the movie, The Castle. in the book,
Harp in the South. The characters in the film, Red Dog, are typical australian stereotypes. There
sense of humor is usually resorted to insults on one another, They reflect the attitude of a hard yakka
aussie. They use colorful language so to speak including slang/aussie lingo and joke around with
each other. They also drink a lot and show their masculinity. The clothes that the men wear are
singlets, short shorts and the typical work boots. An aspect of Australian identity is gambling, which

Racism Is An Unequivocal Problem Throughout Australian...
"You can 't delete racism. It 's like a cigarette. You can 't stop smoking if you don 't want to, and you
can 't stop racism if people don 't want to. But I 'll do everything I can to help." According to UWS,
one in five people living in Australia have experienced racist abuse. Nearly half of all Australian
residents from a culturally and linguistically diverse background have experienced racism at some
time in their life. According to FYA, approximately seven in ten teenagers have experienced racism
throughout their life. The question still remains: does the preservation of culture, community and the
environment depends on us? Absolutely. The culture of Australia in my opinion is the main aspect of
this entire statement. I believe this is evident throughout the strong messages Randa Abdel Fattah
states in her speech and, the everlasting words from the powerful speech Wei–Li and Me.
To begin with, racism is an unequivocal problem throughout Australian society. The essence of
racism is one ethnic community believing they have superiority over another community or culture,
and some of it is just ignorance. With Australia today being a multiethnic society, racism has been a
part of our community for a very long time.
For years and years, the depiction of the whites being superior over the Indigenous has happened all
throughout Australia. Racial abuse in Australia has been recently streamed worldwide by passengers
on public transport, videoing white Australians verbally

Introduction. The Film, Gallipoli, Directed By Peter Weir,
Introduction The film, Gallipoli, directed by Peter Weir, depicts one of the most controversial
aspects of Australian history. The film depicts heritage myths regarding Australian culture; and
Australia's size in the world at large. Weir's Gallipoli is taken from an Australian perspective and
presents a compressed narrative of the events that shaped Australian society during World War I.
The 20th Century saw the emergence of cinematography as a primary medium. One aspect of
cinematography that is popular with audiences is war movies; movies that depict key battles that
helped to shape the countries involved . Gallipoli is not a war movie or even an anti–war movie; it
serves instead as a celebration of Australia's past . Through the ... Show more content on
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The communication mishap required Frank to run from the trenches to the base camp on the beach.
Frank had to beg the British commander to stop the raid; however even though the commander
conceded to canceling the raid, Frank didn't have enough time to get back to the trenches to relay the
information to Major Barton. Frank arrived too late and Archy was killed in the raid. The
victimology of Australia in regards to World War I, as well as the destruction and assimilation of the
indigenous people into Britain society; showcases the negative relationship Britain has with
Australia. This scene in particular paints an accurate picture of the relationship between the
Australians and the British during, and after World War I. As stated before, Archy is depicted by
Weir as the "old Australia" therefore that makes Frank the "new Australia".
The second character that Weir introduces is Frank (played by Mel Gibson). It is implied that Frank
is Irish, with a long–standing distrust of the British due to the fact that the British killed his father in
a battle in Dublin. Franks doesn't want to join the war, simply because he doesn't want to help the
British. He is depicted as a city–slicker, that doesn't possess the qualities needed in combat. In one
scene, it shows that Frank doesn't even know how to ride a horse; which was a critical aspect of the
Western Australian Light

Conducting Business with Australia Essay
As being the world's smallest continent and the sixth largest country with the lowest population
density in the world, Australia is often overlooked as being a major place to conduct business with.
However, over the years Australia has proven itself to be an appealing and profitable market for
American companies, with its few barriers to entry and straightforward business culture. Australia is
relatively easier for the United States to conduct business with than other countries such as China,
France, etc., as there is no need for translators. Australians speak English, although it does have a
distinctive accent and vocabulary. The first step in conducting business with Australia is making an
appointment. Appointments are easy to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If women wear too much jewelry and/or makeup, it can be seen as extravagant and trying to show
off. Australians are always glad to explain the dress code to anyone who is unsure. Australians are
tolerant if someone from another country chooses to wear his or her national dress. When
conversing with Australians, one should always make direct eye contact, as they consider it a sign of
respect and indication that the person is listening. Long introductions are not needed. Australians
like to focus on the task at hand and talk business from the beginning. Negotiations are usually short
and to the point. Written agreements are relied on when doing business to prevent
misunderstandings and other potential problems. Australians do not hesitate to say no. They
communicate directly and are always straight–forward. Most subjects are fine to converse with
Australians about, though a few can be controversial. Acceptable subjects to talk about are sports,
the weather, or anything related in a positive way to Australia. Religion, politics, and sex should not
be brought up. Australians have a tendency to find arguments and opinionated conversation
entertaining, so views should always be expressed if they are sincere and informed. Topics that
should be avoided include migration and aboriginal issues. Aboriginal issues deal with indigenous
Australians that were dispossessed of their land, and in some cases abused and murdered. Topics
like

The Impact Of Gambling On The Australian Community
1. Introduction
The gambling industry is big business in Australia, with Australians losing $15 billion on gambling
last year (Tasmanian Gaming Commission, 2003). The industry has grown substantially in the last
twenty years following the widespread introduction and legalisation of casinos and gaming
machines. The proportion of household disposable income directed towards gambling has escalated,
as has the amount of taxation revenue provided to governments from gambling. A number of
parallels have been drawn between gambling and alcohol as both are legal for adults, heavily
marketed, strongly regulated, provide substantial tax revenue, can be viewed as entertainment, and
are deemed a matter of personal responsibility.
This paper explores the concerns surrounding the role of gambling in the Australian community. It
examines the extent to which gambling is an established part of industry at both the state and federal
level and the manner in which gambling is regulated by various Australian governments. It provides
analysis of both the positive and negative economic and social impacts of gambling in Australia.
2. What is Gambling?
Gambling, defined by Talina Drabsch (2003), is the act of staking money on uncertain events driven
by chance. It can be subdivided into two groups: wagering (racing and sports) and gaming (casinos,
gaming machines, keno and lotteries). It has been a feature of the Australian lifestyle for over 100
years with the first official horse meeting being run

Aboriginal Culture In Australia
The idea of aboriginal culture has always been a very minor part of my life as I had minimal
interactions and education on it until my final year at high school and now here at university.
Through this review I will be focusing on four readings which have opened my mind to subjects and
a history that I would like to further explore. Those reading are: Behrendt's 'Dispute resolution in
traditional and contemporary Aboriginal society', Harrison's 'Starting out as a teacher in Aboriginal
education', O'Brien's 'Sharing our space' and chapters 2 of Price's 'Aboriginal and Torres Strait
Islander Education'. Through these readings I will link the information to my own personal thoughts,
of my past experiences and education, my current education as ... Show more content on
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It was quite shocking to find how long anthropologists think the aboriginal people have been in
Australia, which was for at least 100,000 years (Behrendt, 1995). This makes it the oldest surviving
culture in the world (Australian Geographic, 2011). This knowledge of their history being so grand
is significant as when I teach in the future I would like to emphasis the fact that the aboriginal
people were on this land for such a long time before European settlers came to the land for
colonization, and in turn staked ownership to the land. Behrendt (1995) discuss the spiritual
importance of the land to the aboriginal people stating how "Non–aboriginal Australians have
destroyed and defaced aboriginal sacred sites due to ignorance and indifference". The aboriginal
people see themselves interconnected with the natural world and land their relationship with it "is
not one of domination or manipulation" (Beak, M. Tats, P. Lewin, R. 2000), meaning they don't
'own' the land in the way westerners do. This was something that I learnt in my year 12 religion
class, thanks to my teacher who was incredibly passionate about aboriginal culture. She was
studying a masters in an aboriginal based course and was able to give me all the knowledge I have
on the aboriginal people, before her I

Egalitarianism: Australian National Identity
Option C: Egalitarianism is generally considered a core principle and value of Australian national
identity. To what extent is egalitarianism or a 'fair go' reflected in Australian society and culture
today?
Australia is a multicultural country and the central part of Australian culture is egalitarianism. As
one of the national identities, egalitarianism means that all Australians have the same status that
includes in legislation, society, and refuse to accept being inferior. In Australia, egalitarianism
originated in its founding era, when a large number of England convicts were sent to Australia, the
convicts suffered cruel treatment and this lead to the strong egalitarian sentiment (Phung, 2015).
Compared with other countries, Australia ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One example of inequality between Aboriginal and white Australians. Based on the Mabo decision,
Australia recognized that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are the first humans in this
land and recognized their land rights. However, Aboriginals are still suffering inequality racism
because of their skin. One of the reasons for racism is economic status. In Australia, aboriginals
usually live in remote areas, and the level of education and economic is low. Aboriginals have
difficulty improving their status, and feel they have no voice. By contrast, Stan Grant is also an
aboriginal, and he is a successful man so he has the ability to represent other Aboriginal to speak.
Racism also exists between people from non–English speaking backgrounds and native speakers of
English. Because of language barriers, non–native speakers of English have more difficulties of will
employment and in general, they have lower income. Also, they have fewer opportunities for
promotion despite their

Analysis Of Red Dog
Australian Film allows the rest of the world to have an insight into our way of life, our communities
and our land. Australian film usually provides a hard–working and hardy stereotype who lives in the
outback and takes pride in his mates, and for a lot of the country, this is mostly true. The typical
Australian is a laid back, hard–working community member who prides the relationship they have
with their mates, who may not even be a person. The saying 'a man's best friend is his dog' is
incredibly true for many, especially Australians, where dogs can be found in all walks of life. At
least, this is Kriv Stender's perspective of Australian identity, seen in his 2011 film Red Dog.
Red Dog tells the story of a dog who wandered around the outback before settling down in Dampier,
a mining town of north Western Australia. There he finds himself a home and a family, within the
close knit community. This reflects Stender's perspective of the Australian identity, and what
qualities are valued within Australian culture.
The environment within the film shows a vast, dry and barren land, coated in a layer of red dust that
is iconic within Australian film, and builds onto the identity. This is 'red–dirt' is so rich in its colour,
and this can be seen in the scene where Red Dog earns his name, after being coated in the dust while
sitting on the back of a trailer as it travelled across the land. The wide–angle camera shots used in
the scenes prior to this show the large emptiness of the

Essay about Kangaroo, an Australian Icon
An Australian Icon
An Australian Icon is defined as "an image or symbolic representation, which often holds great
significance and importance to the Australian culture." Every country has icons that represent their
culture and values; Nelson Mandela is an example of a South African icon but also an icon of the
world, who represented statesmanship, courage, freedom and equality against apartheid. Australia
also has many significant icons such as the Sydney Opera House, Uluru, vegemite, Ned Kelly, and
the Koala to name a few. These have all played significant parts in Australia's background, culture
and values.
Uniquely Australian
Ultimately, the Kangaroo has to be Australia's most famous and significant icon, it is known by the
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In their language this meant 'I don't know' which is supposedly how the kangaroo got its name.
Aboriginal tribes have many different legends regarding the kangaroo and some see it as a
reincarnation of their ancestors. Over the past 200 or so years, the kangaroo has broadened a lot in
historical significance; it is one of the oldest icons of Australia and therefore should be kept that
way. By contributing the Kangaroo to a National Australian exhibition, it will help to keep the icon
of the kangaroo alive and significant.
The kangaroo represents Australia's cultural and social background and is internationally
recognisable. It represents the Australian character in many ways including: Its size, strength and
speed, which make it a national logo/emblem for Australian organisations and especially sporting
clubs. Kangaroo's are also symbolic of another Australian trait; to stick up for your self and not back
down. With their large feet and long tail kangaroos find it hard to move backwards, indicating that
Australians are people who are moving forward and growing as people of Australia.
Discourse
Discourses are the "social and cultural practices through which individuals and groups use language
to establish their identities...they provide ways of being, thinking, acting and using language so that
people can identify themselves in social and cultural networks" Discourses affect peoples views on
all things, for example, two different

Chinese Culture In Australia

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