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REPUBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA
MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA
EDUCACION UNIVERSITARIA
UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA TERRITORIAL «ANDRES
ELOY BLANCO»
BARQUISIMETO-ETADO LARA
ESTUDIANTE:
ALMARIS LANDAETA
C.I: V-27737565
PNF CIENCIAS DE LA
INFORMACION
FEBRERO 2021
SUMA
La suma es agregar
valor y unificar dos
o mas cantidades
Se colocan los sumandos uno debajo
del otro, de manera que coincidan en
forma de columna, los términos
semejantes y luego se reducen.
(𝑥2−3𝑥 + 5) + (2𝑥2 − 7𝑥 − 4)
=
𝑥2;3𝑥:5
2𝑥2;7𝑥;4
=3𝑥2 − 10𝑥 + 1
𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 9 + 3𝑥2 − 2𝑥 − 6
=
𝑥2:𝑥;9
3𝑥2;2𝑥;6
= 4𝑥2 − 𝑥 − 15
RESTA
Es la forma de
saber qué
resultado
dará, si le
quito cierta
cantidad a otra
cantidad, es
decir, si a 3 le
quito 1.
Si no hay términos
semejantes, no se
puede realizar la
resta
𝑑𝑒 6𝑎𝑏 − 3𝑏 + 4𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟 7𝑏 − 2𝑎 − 5𝑎𝑏
=
6𝑎𝑏;3𝑏:4𝑎
7𝑏;2𝑎;5𝑎𝑏
= 6a+ 11ab-10b
𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟 5𝑥2 + 7𝑦2 + 2𝑧 𝑑𝑒 (9𝑦2 − 2𝑥2 − 𝑧)
= (9𝑦2 − 2𝑥2 − 2) − (5𝑥2 + 7𝑦2 + 2𝑧)
= 7𝑥2 + 2𝑦2 − 3𝑧
VALOR NUMERICO
El valor numérico
de una expresión
algebraica es el
numero que se
obtiene al quitar
letras o sustituir
por números y
realizar las
operaciones
indicadas
Ejemplo:
Hallar el valor de:
A+b y 3a-4b, si…
A= 2 y b= 3
1.- A+B
= 2+3
=5
2.- 3a-4b
= 3.2-4.3
= 6-12
= -6
Cada letra es
sustituida por un
numero, para así
determinar el valor
en numero de dicha
ecuación.
MULTIPLICACIÓN
Consiste en
realizar una
operación entre
los términos
«multiplicando» y
«multiplicador»
para encontrar un
producto que es
el tercer termino
Ejemplo:
3𝑎2 𝑝𝑜𝑟 6𝑎4
→ se multiplica primero
los coeficientes (números)
(+3).(+6)=+18
→ posteriormente las
letras
= (𝑎2). (𝑎4)
= 𝑎2:4 = 𝑎6
por tanto el resultado es:
=18𝑎6
Consejo: tener conocimiento sobre multiplicación de
potencia con igual base
−3𝑎2𝑦2 𝑝𝑜𝑟 4𝑎3𝑦3
= (-3).(+4)= -12
= 𝑎2𝑦2 . 4𝑎3𝑦3
=(𝑎2:3) 𝑦2:3
=𝑎5𝑦5
= −12𝑎5𝑦5
DIVISIÓN
Se ubican los términos uno debajo
del otro, resolviendo primero los
números y luego las letras
4𝑎𝑥4𝑦3
2𝑥2𝑦
= 2𝑎𝑥4;2
𝑦3;1
= 2𝑎𝑥2
𝑦2
12𝑥4
𝑦 + 8𝑥3𝑦
− 24𝑥4
𝑦
4𝑥𝑦
=
12𝑥4𝑦
4𝑥𝑦
+
8𝑥3𝑦
4𝑥𝑦
+
24𝑥4𝑦
4𝑥𝑦
=3𝑥3
+ 2𝑥2
− 6𝑥
F
A
C
T
O
R
I
Z
A
C
I
Ó
N
Esto trata de llevar un polinomio complicado y expresarlo como el
producto de sus factores polinomiales simples, es decir,
descomponer y simplificar cada numero y símbolo
El resultado de factorización siempre será una
multiplicación, es decir, buscar una multiplicación que
como resultado sea el numero que se esta factorizando
Factor: es
cada uno de
los números y
letras que se
multiplican
para formar
un producto
Factorizar 12:
1.12= 12
3.4= 12
 3.2.2= 12
Es preferible
descomponer
lo mas que se
pueda
Factorizar 6𝑥3𝑦2
=2.3
=x.x.x.y.y
=2.3.x.x.x.y.y
RADICACIÓN
1.- cuando el índice y el exponente son iguales, se
elimina la raíz y se resuelve
2.- cuando no hay índice, se asume como un 2
invisible, y si el exponente es igual, se elimina la
raíz y el exponente
3.- si el exponente es diferente al índice, se dividen y se
resuelve
En caso de no ser divisible…
35 = 3.3.3.3.3 = 32
. 32
. 3
32. 32. 3
2
= 32 . 32
2
. 3
2
2
= 3.3. 3
=9 3
210
3
= 2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2
=23
. 23
. 23
. 2
= 23. 23. 23. 2
3
= 23
3
. 23
3
. 23
3
. 2
= 2.2.2. 2
= 8 2
3
29. 2
3
= 29
3
. 2
3
= 23
. 2
3
= 8 2
3
BIBLIOGRAFIA
-Wikipedia (2021) polinomios-valor numerico
-A. 2017,08. Ejemplo de Suma algebraica. Revista Ejemplode.com. Obtenido 08,
2017, de https://www.ejemplode.com/5-matematicas/4670-
ejemplo_de_suma_algebraica.html
-matematica18.com (2019) multiplicacion
-profesorenlinea.cl (2019) division
-youtubematematicasconelprofealex (2017) resto del contenido

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Expresiones algebraicas

  • 1. REPUBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACION UNIVERSITARIA UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA TERRITORIAL «ANDRES ELOY BLANCO» BARQUISIMETO-ETADO LARA ESTUDIANTE: ALMARIS LANDAETA C.I: V-27737565 PNF CIENCIAS DE LA INFORMACION FEBRERO 2021
  • 2. SUMA La suma es agregar valor y unificar dos o mas cantidades Se colocan los sumandos uno debajo del otro, de manera que coincidan en forma de columna, los términos semejantes y luego se reducen. (𝑥2−3𝑥 + 5) + (2𝑥2 − 7𝑥 − 4) = 𝑥2;3𝑥:5 2𝑥2;7𝑥;4 =3𝑥2 − 10𝑥 + 1 𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 9 + 3𝑥2 − 2𝑥 − 6 = 𝑥2:𝑥;9 3𝑥2;2𝑥;6 = 4𝑥2 − 𝑥 − 15
  • 3. RESTA Es la forma de saber qué resultado dará, si le quito cierta cantidad a otra cantidad, es decir, si a 3 le quito 1. Si no hay términos semejantes, no se puede realizar la resta 𝑑𝑒 6𝑎𝑏 − 3𝑏 + 4𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟 7𝑏 − 2𝑎 − 5𝑎𝑏 = 6𝑎𝑏;3𝑏:4𝑎 7𝑏;2𝑎;5𝑎𝑏 = 6a+ 11ab-10b 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟 5𝑥2 + 7𝑦2 + 2𝑧 𝑑𝑒 (9𝑦2 − 2𝑥2 − 𝑧) = (9𝑦2 − 2𝑥2 − 2) − (5𝑥2 + 7𝑦2 + 2𝑧) = 7𝑥2 + 2𝑦2 − 3𝑧
  • 4. VALOR NUMERICO El valor numérico de una expresión algebraica es el numero que se obtiene al quitar letras o sustituir por números y realizar las operaciones indicadas Ejemplo: Hallar el valor de: A+b y 3a-4b, si… A= 2 y b= 3 1.- A+B = 2+3 =5 2.- 3a-4b = 3.2-4.3 = 6-12 = -6 Cada letra es sustituida por un numero, para así determinar el valor en numero de dicha ecuación.
  • 5. MULTIPLICACIÓN Consiste en realizar una operación entre los términos «multiplicando» y «multiplicador» para encontrar un producto que es el tercer termino Ejemplo: 3𝑎2 𝑝𝑜𝑟 6𝑎4 → se multiplica primero los coeficientes (números) (+3).(+6)=+18 → posteriormente las letras = (𝑎2). (𝑎4) = 𝑎2:4 = 𝑎6 por tanto el resultado es: =18𝑎6 Consejo: tener conocimiento sobre multiplicación de potencia con igual base −3𝑎2𝑦2 𝑝𝑜𝑟 4𝑎3𝑦3 = (-3).(+4)= -12 = 𝑎2𝑦2 . 4𝑎3𝑦3 =(𝑎2:3) 𝑦2:3 =𝑎5𝑦5 = −12𝑎5𝑦5
  • 6. DIVISIÓN Se ubican los términos uno debajo del otro, resolviendo primero los números y luego las letras 4𝑎𝑥4𝑦3 2𝑥2𝑦 = 2𝑎𝑥4;2 𝑦3;1 = 2𝑎𝑥2 𝑦2 12𝑥4 𝑦 + 8𝑥3𝑦 − 24𝑥4 𝑦 4𝑥𝑦 = 12𝑥4𝑦 4𝑥𝑦 + 8𝑥3𝑦 4𝑥𝑦 + 24𝑥4𝑦 4𝑥𝑦 =3𝑥3 + 2𝑥2 − 6𝑥
  • 7. F A C T O R I Z A C I Ó N Esto trata de llevar un polinomio complicado y expresarlo como el producto de sus factores polinomiales simples, es decir, descomponer y simplificar cada numero y símbolo El resultado de factorización siempre será una multiplicación, es decir, buscar una multiplicación que como resultado sea el numero que se esta factorizando Factor: es cada uno de los números y letras que se multiplican para formar un producto Factorizar 12: 1.12= 12 3.4= 12  3.2.2= 12 Es preferible descomponer lo mas que se pueda Factorizar 6𝑥3𝑦2 =2.3 =x.x.x.y.y =2.3.x.x.x.y.y
  • 8. RADICACIÓN 1.- cuando el índice y el exponente son iguales, se elimina la raíz y se resuelve 2.- cuando no hay índice, se asume como un 2 invisible, y si el exponente es igual, se elimina la raíz y el exponente 3.- si el exponente es diferente al índice, se dividen y se resuelve En caso de no ser divisible… 35 = 3.3.3.3.3 = 32 . 32 . 3 32. 32. 3 2 = 32 . 32 2 . 3 2 2 = 3.3. 3 =9 3
  • 9. 210 3 = 2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2 =23 . 23 . 23 . 2 = 23. 23. 23. 2 3 = 23 3 . 23 3 . 23 3 . 2 = 2.2.2. 2 = 8 2 3 29. 2 3 = 29 3 . 2 3 = 23 . 2 3 = 8 2 3
  • 10. BIBLIOGRAFIA -Wikipedia (2021) polinomios-valor numerico -A. 2017,08. Ejemplo de Suma algebraica. Revista Ejemplode.com. Obtenido 08, 2017, de https://www.ejemplode.com/5-matematicas/4670- ejemplo_de_suma_algebraica.html -matematica18.com (2019) multiplicacion -profesorenlinea.cl (2019) division -youtubematematicasconelprofealex (2017) resto del contenido