3. Anabas testudineus and its Preliminary
Growth Adaptive Mechanism Through its
Evolutinary Pathway To Brackish Water
4. Abstract:
• This study had mainly focused on the testing of the
lifespan of a nearly endangered fish species Anabas
testudineus in different water treatments namely brackish
water, fresh water and salt water. The researchers
determined the effect of the said water treatments on the
growth and survival of the subjects. The study was
conducted at the ESEP Bldg., Tarlac National High School
(Main). The researchers applied the Completely
Randomized Design (CRD) for the experiment. The length
and mass of Anabas testudineus were recorded before and
after the experimentation. The researchers prepared 3
containers for each replicate. Artificial environments were
prepared in each container wherein 1000 grams of sand
and pebbles and 400 grams of lilies were put in each
container. The required amount of marine salt and water
were also added and the pH of each water treatment were
also obtained three randomly selected Anabas testudineus
were subjected to each water treatment in each replicate.
Everyday the stability of the fishes were observed. After 31
days, the final length and mass of the fishes were obtained
and the results were compared.
5. • The average difference in mass of the
fishes subjected to brackish water is
2.945 grams higher than freshwater and
the average difference in length is also
higher than fresh water by 1.265 cm.
• Brackish water is the best water
treatment for the growth of Anabas
testudineus.
• Due to environmental changes evolution
occurred as years passed by. The salinity
of water and its pH are examples of
these environmental changes.
6. The Efficacy of Moringa oleifera
(Malunggay) Leaf extracts in Lowering
Blood Glucose in Swiss Mice
7. • Abstract:
• Malunggay (Moringa oleifera) plant is abundant
through the Philippines. This plant is growing
anywhere in the country. It has become the
buzz due to the discovery of its many nutrients.
The researcher tends to study on medical value
of Moringa oleifera in lowering blood glucose.
• This study was performed to determine the
effectiveness of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts in
lowering blood glucose. The experimental mice
where weighed and their blood glucose were
tested using a glucometer before the
experiment.
• The mice were fed with condensed milk using
the gavage method for five (5) consecutive days.
All the mice gained high blood glucose after the
procedure.
8. • Different concentrations of malunggay
leaf extracts: 25%, 50%, 75% and 0% were
prepared. These extracts were treated to
three (3) mice each as treated to the four
groups of mice.
• Data analysis revealed that there was a
significant difference in the mean blood
glucose level of white mice when
subjected to various levels of malunggay
leaves extract, the lower the blood
glucose,
• The findings confirmed that the
malunggay leaf extract has a
hypoglycemic property that can be used
as hypoglycemic drugs. Thus, it can be
used in treating diabetes.
9. An extracorporeal Study on Nasturtium
officinalle for Mus musculus Alleviating
Thromboccytopenia
10. • Abstract:
• The study was conducted at room 2, ESEP building,
Tarlac National High School (Main). It started by sending
every subjects blood sample to the laboratory to
determine the initial platelet count of the subjects.
Watercress undergoes centrifugation to attain its liquid
content and was fed to a group of subjects. Observation
lasted for three days then new blood sample was sent to
the laboratory to determine the final platelet count of
the subjects. Results were compared to prove that the
researcher hypothesis is true.]
• The researcher used completely randomized design to
compare the platelet count of the subject’s blood before
and after was fed with the liquid content from
watercress. The researcher used T-test because they are
only two variables to compare. After series of test, the
results were gathered. The data revealed that the mean
platelet count from the finished product of the study is
higher than the platelet count from the commercial anti-
Thromboccytopenia.
11. • This study is mainly focus on the possibility of
watercress in alleviating Thromboccytopenia, a
disease characterized by low platelet count. To
test this possibility, the researcher compared it to
a commercial anti- Thromboccytopenia. The
researcher determined the significant difference
between the plasma produced from watercress
and the plasma produced from a commercial anti-
Thromboccytopenia(aspirin) in terms of platelet
count. That is why the researcher must know if
the platelet count can be produced faster by
watercress. This study will contribute greatly to
the world f medicine as an evidence to remedy
diseases through natural, safer and cheaper
means. It will be significant for the treatment of
Thromboccytopenia without the used of
chemicals and surgeries.
12. The Efficacy of Anacardic acid from
Anacarduim occidentale as a Lipid
Source of Oreochromis nil.
13. • Abstract:
• Lipids are one of the molecules used by
fishes for their physiological functions and
cellular processes. These lipids have many
uses in the lives of fishes, not only in fishes
but also in other activities of other
organisms.
• Oreochromis niloticus (tilapia) is one of the
most common fish that contains lipids in
their muscle or tissues.
• Anacadium ocindentale (cashew) is a nut crop
with fruits that contain a liquid known as
cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). This three
liquid has three phenol constituents, one of
this is anacardic acid.
14. • In this study, the cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL)
was extracted from Anacardium occidentale and
anacardic acid and then separated from the CNSL
by the process of centrifugation and then mixed
with the food of the fish and then fed to the
fishes. The purpose of this study is to make a
useful lipid source from anacardium occidentale.
This study will test the efficacy of anacardic acid
as a lipid source of Oreochromis niloticus, and
observed if the growth development and weight
increased.
• After observing the fishes for 1 month to 2
weeks, results and data were analyzed. The
researcher used T-test as their statistical tool,
and concluded that the growth and weight of the
Oreochromis niloqticus increased by 50.36% in
weight gain and 50.98% in the increase in size
when given anacardic acid.
15. Residual Fatty Acids from Persia
Americana for the Extension of Life
Expectancy of Tirumala tumanana
16. • Abstract:
• The study had been centered on the
efficacy of amalgamated fatty acid
residues from Persia Americana, the fatty
acids were extracted at the Philippine
Institute of Pure and Applied Chemistry
(PIPAC) using the gc mini2 machine for
the procedure of gas chromatography.
• This study further branched out into the
possible effects of the fatty acid residues
in extending the life expectancy of
Tirumala tumanana, specie of butterfly
originated at Mt. Busa and is rated as
vulnerable in the International Union for
Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
17. • Three treatments were designated to 24
butterflies: Treatment A (with flowering
plants, sugar solution, and fatty acids),
treatment B (with flowering plants and sugar
solution), and Treatment C (with flowering
plants only).
• ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) was utilized to
compare the three treatments in observing
the life expectancy of Tirumala tumanana.
• After the series of test and experimentation,
the results showed that the average life span
of the subjects was prolonged by 129.03%,
enough to say that there is a significant effect
produced by Persea Americana.
19. A Study on the Effect of Food
Outsourcing to the Behavioral
Direction of Trichogaster Pectoralis
and Tricogaster Tricopterus
20. • Abstract:
• Trichogaster Pectoralis and Tricogaster
Tricopterus- these two species have the same
denominator; they belong in one genus-
trichogaster. Since they came from one genus,
they have mostly the same characteristics like
what kind of environment they adapt, what
food they eat, and their behavior.
• This study aims to establish the effect of food
outsourcing on the direction decision of
Trichogaster Pectoralis and Tricogaster
Tricopterus subjects based on attraction and
non-attraction. It also aims to give additional
knowledge to fish cultivators, and other
persons involved in aquaculture.
21. • The set-up where will the experimentation be concluded is
composed on an aquarium, aquarium air pump, 15L of
fresh water and 8 subjects which were drawn out
randomly but on accordance with the ratio stated on each
of the two treatments. The animal subjects underwent the
process of food outsourcing where 20g of fish food is
used, observation and data gathering for 10 days. The data
gathered were then compared, and unbiased and reliable
results were obtained. Results showed that food
outsourcing affected the behavioral direction of the
subjects based on attraction. Thus, the null hypothesis was
rejected, accepting the alternative hypothesis which states
that the effect of food outsourcing on the Behavioral
Direction of Trichogaster Pectoralis and Tricogaster
Tricopterus based on attraction is greater than non-
attraction.
• In line with the results and the accepted hypothesis, the
researchers concluded that the effect of food outsourcing
on the behavioral direction of the Trichogaster Pectoralis
and Tricogaster Tricopterus subjects is to be attracted
from one another.
•
24. • Abstract:
• This research study entitled “Zeolite
(Clinoptilolite) as a soil Nutrient Enhancer”
was conducted at Abing’s Residence located
at Mabini Homesite Cabanatuan City. It was
conducted from the month of June to October
2008 by the following researcher; Jessamer D.
Abing.
• Because of the economic crisis that our
country is facing today, most of the less
fortunate people and farmers in our country
cannot afford such expensive fertilizer used
in growing plants. The goal of this study is to
find an alternative soil nutrient enhancer out
of the abundance of Zeolite mineral that can
be used in growing plants in easier and mire
practical way.
25. • To test the effectiveness of Zeolite in growing plants, 3
treatments were utilized: Each treatment is composed of
three plants. Each specimen has its own treatment,
treatment 1 is a mixture of oil and powdered Zeolite
(75g), treatment 2 is a mixture of soil and commercial
fertilizer (75g) and treatment 3 is the plane soil.
• The results was analyzed and found out that in terms of
mineral content in Phosphorus and Nitrogen there is a
significant difference between soil with Zeolite, soil with
commercial fertilizer and plain soil and in terms of
Potassium Contents there a significant difference
among 3 samples because Zeolite yields the greatest
amount of Potassium. In terms in the growth of the
plants, Zeolite was the most effective soil nutrient
enhancer because the plants with Zeolite yield the
tallest and healthiest appearance among the 3
specimens.
• This proves that Zeolite is very effective and efficient
soil nutrient enhancer which can be use by the farmers
in growing plants.
27. • Abstract:
• The utilization of “Gralex” as ready made bait for mice,
aimed to test its toxicity on mice samples.
• Systematic methods in the preparation of Gralex were
observed. Three (3) treatments which varies on the soaking
time of rice grains and adelfa leaves extracts such as forty-
eight (48) hours, twenty-four (24) hours, fifteen hours (15)
respectively.
• Prior to experimentation, Adelfa leaves underwent
phytochemical testing. Result revealed the presence of
condensed tannin, alkaloids and glycosides compound.
• Toxicity level of Gralex is higher as compared to
commercial rat killer (Racumin) as observed on the
mortality rate of mice.
• Statistical test result showed significant difference on the
effectiveness on the rat killers. Gralex was found to be
more effective. It was concluded that the presence of
Tannins and Glycosides contributed a lot in mortality rate
on the mice samples.
• The production and commercialization of the product is
strongly encourage.
28. Tolerance Level of Meristematic Root Cells of
Bruguiera gymnorrhiza to High and Low
Hypertonic Saline Solutions and Hypotonis
Solutions
29. • Abstract:
• Plants extinction is already a global major
problem but ordinary people are not aware of
this. The worst part is that is very important
and gives us the most benefits are the one
that are disappearing. One good example of
this plant is mangrove tree.
• These mangroves give us a lot of benefits. For
fishes, these provide breeding, nursery, and
feeding areas. These can tolerate more salt in
their tissues than any plant. Their
survivability is high compared to other plants
but they also need regular flushing of
freshwater.
30. • The problem of this study is to determine the
tolerance level of the Bruguiera gymnorrhiza
meristematic root cells to high and low saline
hypertonic solution and hypertonic solution. The
proponents conducted the study at ESEP, DOST
building, TNHS, San Roque Tarlac City. The
experimentation started at Feb. 27, 2010 and ended
last Aug.22, 2010. The proponents prepared 4
containers containing water with different salinities
(0ppm, 30ppm-35ppm, 36ppm-45ppm, 46ppm-
50ppm). Three roots of the mangrove per solution
were soaked and we let it that way for few hours.
After soaking, a part of the mangrove roots were
cut and observed under a compound microscope.
Cells that shrink and burst were counted and the
tolerable salinity of the Bruguiera gymnorrhiza root
cells was known.
32. • Abstract:
• This study was conducted to determine the effects of plant
extracts from garlic allium sativum, Oregano Origanum
vulgare, and guava Psidium guajave) as vase solution.
Extract used for the preparation of vase solutions were
taken from fresh garlic cloves, oregano and guava leaves.
Water extracts were subjected to water bath at 50’C-60’C
for 5 minutes for pasteurization. Flower buds were placed
in plastic cups containing vase solutions with varying
concentrations of extracts. Observation was done for 7
days at three replications. Set-ups were evaluated in terms
of pH. Early opening of flowers and length of Vaseline
days.
• Analysis on pH differences was not significant among
treatments. Oregano and guava leaves may have favorable
pH levels for flowers used. In terms of opening of flowers,
it was noted that oregano extract promoted early opening
of flower buds even at the early days of observation.
Highest vase life days were also observed in flowers placed
in guava leaves extract and the lowest vase life days were
observed in flowers placed garlic extract.
33. • Analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 0.5 level
of significance did not reveal differences
in the vase life days of flowers after
treatment with natural extracts from
Garlic, Oregano and Guava. A
modification of procedures for
extracting natural compounds from
guava is recommended. The researchers
also recommended the combinations of
extract for more favorable results. This
research has varied application in the
field of Horticulture and food
production.
35. • This study was conducted to identify several
plant species that contain
• Larvicidal properties in the control of mosquito
larvae and to determine the time needed to kill
the mosquito larvae. A total of 240 larvae were
used to test the larvicidal properties of the
treatment. The test plants were subjected to
certain procedures like through washing,
chopping, and pounding to extract the plant
juice concentrates. A cheesecloth was also used
in extracting the juice after pounding through
the used of mortar and pestle. The mosquito
larvae were then placed in their respective
treatments. They were observed based on the
time interval of two, four, and six hours. The
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of the Completely
Randomized Design (CRD) was used to analyze
the data collected.
36. • The treatments used were as follows:
• T0- Water (control)
• T1- Neem tree
• T2- Kakawate
• T3- Makabuhay
• T4- Karot
• T5- Guava
• T6- Patani
• T7- Chili Pepper
• Results of the study showed that among the eight
treatments, T2-(Kakawate) had the best result in
controlling mosquito larvae. Based on the results
of the study, water has no component that could
kill mosquito larvae.
• This study was a big help to control mosquito
population that can be diluted to potable water to
kill the mosquito larvae.
39. • Abstract:
• More than 3.5 billions years ago, the first organisms is
believed to have live in water namely as the organisms
cyanobacteria, oxygen was not present which then gives the
parameter that these organisms are anaerobic and as years
passed by, changes occur. These changes are called
evolution. Salinity is one of these changes, Sodium Chloride
came fro rocks in freshwater bodies are washed out and
the water changing this NaCl will be deposited in saltwater
bodies.
• Because of this, the average salinity of salt water is 17ppt.
Freshwater having the salinity between 0.5 ppt. to 17ppt. is
called brackish water and can be found in the boundary of
saltwater and freshwater. More than half of the fauna in the
Philippines face the treat of extinction. A fish called Ar-aru
is now facing this treat.
• This project mainly studies the effects of water salinities
on the growth of Ar-aru fishes in terms of mass, length,
mortality and reproductive mechanism.
40. • To make the study possible, the researcher
had undergone series of experimentation and
observation of their adaptability on treatment
F (Freshwater), treatment B (Brackish) and
treatment S (Saltwater) with 2 replicates each.
The data gathered showed that Ar-aru fishes
subjected to brackish water showed positive
result on their adaptive mechanism in terms
of its survivability. Thus, the salinity of water
is a factor that affects the survivability of this
specie.
• Results showed that raising ar-aru fishes in
brackish water is better than in freshwater
and saltwater. This implies that the ar-aru
fishes had an adaptive mechanism to cope in
the environment of brackish.
