3 5 Temporary Works

Procedure : SP 3.5
RISK ASSESSMENT / METHOD STATEMENTS / PERMITS
Issue: B/SS2
Sys. Date: 01.10.11
Sheet: 1 of 10 TEMPORARY WORKS (PRINCIPAL CONTRACTOR) Site Services

1.0 Background

Note: This procedure should be read in conjunction with Bowmer & Kirkland’s QA Manual Sections 3
– 5. A ‘Requirements for Designers’ summary document will be issued to the Intranet in early 2012.
Temporary works refers to structures used to facilitate the construction of buildings, bridges, tunnels,
and other above and below-ground facilities by providing access, support, and protection for the
facility, workers and the public.
Temporary works is defined in BS5975: 2008 as ‘works that allow, or enable construction of, protect,
support or provide access to, the permanent works and which might or might not remain in place at
the completion of the works’.
These structures are dismantled and removed when the permanent works become self-supporting or
completed, or are incorporated into the finished work.
Temporary structures are also used in inspection, repair, maintenance work and demolition.
SP 3.5 Temporary Works Appendix A provides summary information on the procedure requirements:
Temporary works have a primary influence on the quality, safety and speed of all construction
projects. More failures occur during construction than during the lifetimes of structures.
Codes and standards do not provide the same scrutiny as they do for permanent structures. Typical
design and construction techniques and some industry practices are well established, but
responsibilities and liabilities remain complex and present many contractual and legal pitfalls.
Internal / External Hoarding / Fencing / Barriers – see SP3.5 Appendix A Page 1

Proprietary Fence / Panel Hoarding Systems

Procedure : SP 3.5
Issue: B/SS2
Sys. Date: 01.10.11

‘Scratch Built’ Hoarding e.g. posts concreted, box / barrel / bag kentledge
Ground Excavations & Ground Bearing Capacity Engineering – see SP3.5 Appendix A Page 1

Ground- Fill / Stabilisation, Bearing Capacity, Track mats etc.
Structures– see SP3.5 Appendix A Page 2
2.0 Bowmer & Kirkland Health & Safety Procedures
The following may be defined as ‘temporary works’ in HSE Guidance but are to be managed in
accordance with the specific, dedicated procedure listed below for Bowmer & Kirkland Projects. The
procedures include requirements for design checks, calculations and inspections as necessary:
 Site fencing / hoarding inc. internal / sign boards SP 9.15
For proprietary systems requiring a design check (e.g. wind loading) and designed temporary works
excluding specialist, major works e.g. in-situ concrete frame construction the process will need to be
recorded to demonstrate compliance with the CDM Regulations.
SPF 420 Authority to Proceed Note: SPF 107 withdrawn
See section 3.3 Authority to Proceed Permit to Work Procedures.
Note: this is not a Permit to Work or Permit to Load / Dismantle for falsework / formwork. The
specialist concrete frame / civil engineering Contractor should provide these documents as part of
their safe system of work.
SPF 420 Authority to Proceed is to be used as record of the temporary works process. SP 3.5
Appendix A identifies the documentation requirements for all temporary works normally conducted on
Bowmer & Kirkland projects.
2.1 Site Services
Site Services must ensure that the information required and necessary checks have been provided to
the site / TWC so the SPF 420 can be completed.
Normally this will be in the form of a drawing and may include evidence / results from calculations.
Further advice can be obtained from the Safety Department on the requirements for any other
temporary works undertaken.

Procedure : SP 3.5
Issue: B/SS2
Sys. Date: 01.10.11

START

Does Temporary Works No
Procedure SP 3.5 Apply?
See Appendix A
’TW Register’

Yes

TWC completes SPF 420: Header + Sections 1-7a
Contractor installs Temporary Works in accordance
with Method Statement / Safe System Of Work

TWC receives Handover Document / completes Pre-use Inspection
TWC completes SPF 420 Section 7b see SP 3.5 Appendix A ‘Handover’
Note: This form must be completed prior to use of Temporary Works
Temporary works may be used

Competent Person completes and records inspections (see
SP 3.5 Appendix A ‘Inspections’)

Is permission required to
load / dismantle TW or Yes
TWC
prior to handover / use? completes
see SP 3.5 Appendix A SPF 420
‘Loading / Dismantling’ Section 7C

No

PROCEED

A ‘temporary works register’ is not a Bowmer & Kirkland form. The equivalent information is available from:
 Contracted scope of works / scope of service / sub-contract pre-contract meeting (MPF 3.3);
 Design Team Meeting Minutes (MPF 4.7);
 Drawing register / portal; or
 Procedure compliance SPF 420 Authority to Proceed Temporary Works Form (Filed at Management
System Section 9.2).

Procedure : SP 3.5
Issue: B/SS2
Sys. Date: 01.10.11

The ATP sign-off creates hold points prior to:
 Installation & Commissioning
 Use / Loading
 Dismantling / Handover
This form will identify:
 The Contractor and Supplier / Designer
 The scope of works (‘design brief’)
 Designer / Checker and drawing or Data Sheet for
proprietary equipment.
 Sequence of work and other precautions, and
 Restrictions on / Permitted Loadings in service.

Fully designed, complex integrated works should be managed within the permanent works through
procurement, design and construction in Quality Management Procedures.
3.0 Design principles
Under the CDM Regulations Designers and Engineers are required to eliminate or reduce risks through their
designs. They must take account of the buildability of their designs including any temporary works and the
working space required for plant, personnel and materials during construction.
Incorporation of permanent works to eliminate or reduce the need for temporary works will eliminate
additional risks, costs and construction processes from the programme.
There must always be liaison and coordination with permanent works designer / structural engineer
for works involving foundations and structures to ensure there no clashes or imposed loads which
may affect or adversely load the permanent or temporary works.
The preparation and checking of design calculations, drawings and specification should be
undertaken with similar rigour to the procedures applied to the design of the permanent works.
Temporary works designers include the manufacturers and suppliers of proprietary temporary works
equipment (where design criteria may be met via standard configurations), as well as specialist
structural engineers or designers.
Management of ‘procurement’ (MP 3.0), ‘design’ (MP 4.0) and ‘construction’ (MP 5.0) forms part of
Bowmer & Kirkland’s Quality Management System for delivering permanent works. See also ‘CDM:
Requirements for Designers’ document.
In order to ensure the strength and stability of any temporary works structure, there are three
fundamental aspects that need to be considered which can be simplified as follows:
 Foundations – the ability of the ground to carry the loads transmitted from the temporary works
structure without failure or excessive deformation or settlement.
 Structural integrity – the ability of the temporary works structure itself to carry and transmit
loads to the ground via the foundations without failure of the structural elements, including fixings
and connections (e.g. by buckling, bending, shear, tension, torsion), and without excessive
deflection.
 Stability – the ability of the temporary works structure to withstand horizontal or lateral loading
without sway, overturning or sliding failure (stability may be inherent in the temporary works
structure itself or provided by the permanent works).

Procedure : SP 3.5
Issue: B/SS2
Sys. Date: 01.10.11

The design of the temporary works should be based on the agreed ‘design brief’. This will usually
form part of the scope of service / scope of works / scheme requirements of the specialist Consultant,
Contractor or Supplier.
In most cases this will be very simple and covered in the Contractor / Supplier scope of works defined
in the sub-contract and subsequent method statement.
In more complicated situations the brief may remain simple e.g. support adjoining building, construct
base in location X, etc. The brief should be clarified and developed through the sub-contract pre-
contract meeting (MPF 3.3), Design Team Meetings (MPF 4.7) and associated minutes.
Any alteration or modification of the design by the designer outside the original scope of work should
be reported and justified to the Project Manager / Design Team.
4.0 Requirements for Designers / Engineers / Sub-contractors
Relevant requirements of Bowmer & Kirkland Group procedures for Health & Safety, Quality and
Environmental Management should be communicated to the Designer, Consultant (including where
novated nominated or directly appointed by the Client) and Supplier / Sub-contractor to ensure
compliance. This is normally achieved by the issue of the ‘Safety Requirements for Contractors’
and / or ‘CDM: Requirements for Designers’ documents which are also available on the company’s
website (www.bandk.co.uk). This information may be supplemented by issue of individual company
procedures or specific instructions during meetings etc.
As Bowmer & Kirkland is not a structural designer and does not employ in-house Chartered
engineers, we are wholly dependent upon competent Professional advisors to demonstrate they have
designed and delivered buildable and safe solutions for temporary and permanent works including:
 demonstrating an understanding of the required solution(s)
 have regard to overall buildability for health, safety and quality;
 ensuring a suitably competent temporary works designer/adviser is in place to supply an
engineered solution
 Identifying and complying with all relevant design codes, Building Regulations, British Standards
and other guidance and codes of practice.
 advising Bowmer & Kirkland if they are not competent to complete any aspect of the temporary
works design,
 coordinating other parties / suppliers where they are the ‘lead’ structural designer / engineer,
 identifying any information which requires clarification or further survey information;
 ensuring adequate information flow,
 design checking to an appropriate level,
 suitable verification of correct erection of the temporary works and overseeing and coordinating
the whole process including ensuring that the temporary works are constructed in accordance
with the ‘Approved’ drawings.
 Consideration of working space for plant and personnel during installation, use, inspection and
removal, plant requirements, lifting operations, component weights, etc.
 Updating information on the Project Portal or other document control system used on site.
 Identifying sequencing of installation / removal and any hold points where inspections or checks
are required during construction or prior to use / dismantling, etc.
 Identifying regular inspections required and providing on-going support for the Project
Management

Procedure : SP 3.5
Issue: B/SS2
Sys. Date: 01.10.11

Where the design, or part of it, is carried out by specialist sub-contractors or supplier, these
requirements will still apply and competence, experience, and insurance should still be reviewed prior
to installation / construction through MPF 3.18.
The designer, sub-contractor and supplier of temporary works equipment shall liaise with the all
parties so that the practical requirements for the works are fully met and the actual conditions of
loading are taken into account in the design and detailing.
This is important as the scope and requirements (design brief) may develop during the Project and a
number of alternative solutions evaluated to select the ‘best’ solution.
Specific detail must be incorporated into the method statements to identify safety critical methods and
sequence of construction, any hold points, and measures to ensure sufficient working space and
safety of personnel – particularly to manage the risks of falls, falling objects, overloading and
structural failure or collapse.
Sub-contractors, etc. involved on the construction or installation of temporary works, are required to:
 prepare and submit a suitable method statement incorporating the designer’s specification
 ensure they are working to the latest approved / issued drawings
 procure materials in accordance with the designer’s specification
 store materials appropriately to ensure they do not degrade or get damaged
 conduct inspections during construction in accordance with standard industry practice associated with
the works and as specified / agreed with Bowmer & Kirkland and / or the designer
 provide suitable information or access to the works during the construction to Bowmer & Kirkland and /
or the Designer to satisfy any agreed hold points
 notify Bowmer & Kirkland and / or the Designer of any deviation from the Designer’s specification or
submitted method statement
Where problems or a deviation in construction method, sequence or materials are identified then this is to be
referred to the Designer. This may be verbally, be e-mail or other formal means as agreed with the Design
team during the Design Team Meetings (MPF 4.7).
Whilst in many cases such issues can be closed out by site visit or verbal instruction, a formal
response by e-mail is required for clarity and as a formal record of design change for any deviation
from the Designer’s documented instructions.
Verbal instruction is no longer adequate, without formal confirmation.
If you can’t be certain the Temporary Works are suitable and safe – stop work and refer to the
specialist engineer or their supervisor / manager.
The Designer / Engineer must cooperate with any permanent works or other designer and must advise
Bowmer & Kirkland where a design change is substantial enough to require further design or calculation
checks for validation or where works must be sequenced or substantially altered to achieve the design
requirements.
Designers / Engineers must ensure they report any concerns to Bowmer & Kirkland and provide
appropriate advice and information relating to design changes including site instructions. These
should be confirmed by e-mail, written instruction or revised drawings and reviewed at design team
meetings.

Procedure : SP 3.5
Issue: B/SS2
Sys. Date: 01.10.11

5.0 Drawings
Drawings should be controlled, clearly labelled re issue number / date and construction issue drawings
include the designer / engineer, and check designer engineer Authorisations / initials issued as ‘Checked’ /
‘Approved’.
Where designers alter designs they will be required to carry out all necessary checks before issuing
site instructions or amended drawings and advise the construction team on any particular
requirements in implementing their design, including any specialist checks on configurations,
dimensions, materials etc.
Only the most up to date, Authorised (checked and approved) drawings should be issued and used
for construction.
The method for individual projects is agreed by the Design Team and is normally documented in the
Design Team Meeting minutes (MPF 4.7).
This is normally discussed with relevant sub-contractors during the sub-contractor pre-contract
meeting (MPF 3.3).
6.0 Temporary Works Design (BS 5975:2008)
This British Standard refers primarily to elements of specialist concrete construction and civil engineering
including:
Formwork is the generic name given to temporary molds which are constructed to contain wet
concrete in order to form the required finished dimensions and surface quality.
Falsework – a temporary structure used to support a permanent structure while it is not self-
supporting, either in new construction or refurbishment e.g. to support horizontal formwork.
BS5975: 2008 Part 1 identifies general principles relating to design and site control for temporary
works which are relevant to Bowmer & Kirkland as a Management Contractor and are incorporated in
this guidance.
BS5975: 2008 describes the process as requiring:
 Appointment of a Temporary Works Co-coordinator (TWC);
 Identification of design / solution requirements e.g. scope of service or scope of works (a
‘design brief’);
 Production of a temporary works design (including a design risk assessment and a designer’s
method statement where appropriate) incorporating all inspection requirements.
 Control and supervision of the erection, safe use, maintenance and dismantling of the
temporary works including any specialist suppliers / contractors, sequencing, exclusion zones
etc.
 Design work shall commence in sufficient time to ensure that all materials required are on site
and checked as satisfactory by the date required on the Contract programme.
 Designs by a competent, experienced person. Designer competence check should be completed
and recorded where appointed by Bowmer & Kirkland;
 Designer to carry any necessary PI Insurance.
 Designers / engineers are to have an ‘independent’ check of calculations and design principles (see
table of Design Check Categories below). This may be by another ‘in-house’ engineer under an
organisation’s QA procedures and should employ a different means of calculation.
Independent ‘one man band’ temporary works engineers / designers should not carry out their own checks
other than for simple or specialist cases (demolition, scaffolding designer, etc.)

Procedure : SP 3.5
Issue: B/SS2
Sys. Date: 01.10.11

BS 5975:2008 Design Checks
Temporary works designs may be categorised to indicate the complexity/simplicity of the specific
temporary works structure and the potential risk. See below for examples (the list is not exhaustive):
Note: tower crane base design will normally be part of the foundation design for the permanent
structure and is subject to SP 12.5. Kier Engineering Services will carry out checks for Kier Plant
cranes; otherwise the designer will be expected to complete category 2 checks.
Categories of design check BS 5975:2008
Cat Scope Comment Independence of checker
0 Restricted to standard solutions This applies to the use of standard This is a site issue; the check
only, to ensure the site conditions solutions. may be carried out by
do not conflict with the scope or another member of the site
limitations of the chosen standard or design team.
solution.
1 For simple designs. Such designs would be undertaken The check may be carried
using simple methods of analysis and out by another member of the
be in accordance with the relevant design team.
standards, supplier’s technical
literature or other reference
publications.
2 On more complex or involved Designs where a considerable The check should be carried
designs. degree of interpretation of loading or out by an individual not
other information is required before involved in the design and
the design. not consulted by the
designer.
3 For complex or innovative
These designs include unusual The check should be carried
designs. designs or where significant out by another organisation
departures from standards, novel
methods of analysis or considerable
exercise of engineering judgement
are involved.
Category 3 checks – are not normally applicable to Bowmer & Kirkland Projects.
If there is any doubt please refer to the Health & Safety Department

7.0 BS 5975:2008 Temporary Works Coordinator (TWC)
The TWC is a role responsible for ensuring / facilitating the correct communication of information
between all parties and that procedures for the control of temporary works are implemented on site.
As Principal Contractor Bowmer & Kirkland shall plan, monitor and coordinate the works. Supervision
is carried out by the Contractor / Supplier.
During tendering and design the role and responsibilities will be discharged by the Commercial and
Contracts team and others including designers, consultants and specialist contractors or suppliers
guided by the lead structural engineer, who may be a Client appointment / novated. The process
happens as an integral part of the Bowmer & Kirkland Quality Management System Procedures. In
practice the TWC appointment cannot exist until the Project site team are mobilised.
Bowmer & Kirkland is not the designer, but is responsible for ensuring that a suitable temporary
works design is prepared, checked and implemented on site in accordance with the relevant drawings
and specification.
When the Project commences on site and Contractors are appointed, a Temporary Works
Coordinator (TWC) shall be appointed by the Contracts Manager to co-ordinate the process, assist in
processing information requests and keep records in accordance with the Project Plan and
Management System requirements e.g. drawing register on Project Portal.

Procedure : SP 3.5
Issue: B/SS2
Sys. Date: 01.10.11

The Appointment of the TWC will be evidenced on the Filing List, Responsibilities Form MPF 9.1. On
complex projects there should be a nominated Deputy to cover holiday periods etc.
Bowmer & Kirkland does not employ Chartered engineers, and the Project team members will not be
fully experienced in the technical requirements of all temporary works. The TWC will attend a
Management of Temporary Works training course delivered by a supplier approved by the Safety
Department, e.g. Thomas Telford. Duties may be delegated to Contractors but responsibility remains
with the TWC.
8.0 Temporary Works Supervisor (TWS)
On larger sites, or where a number of subcontractors are involved, it may be appropriate for one or
more Temporary Works Supervisors (TWS) to be appointed.
A TWS should be responsible to the TWC and assist the TWC in the supervision of temporary works
as delegated.
This should be recorded monitored via the Role & Responsibilities Matrix and in the Internal Project
Review minutes.
9.0 Inspections
The HSE state that ‘Temporary Works Inspectors should come from an engineering background, but
successful completion of an appropriate course may be acceptable, e.g. Scaffold Inspection course for
checking basic scaffolding’.
The selection and use of simple temporary works is a core skill and forms part of their training and
competence for many trades e.g. groundworkers, civil engineers, builders, steel erectors etc.
Bowmer & Kirkland Managers will attend technical training to assist in meeting their obligations.
Specialist Suppliers and Contractors who have additional technical training, knowledge and specialist
skills may be delegated to carry out these inspections but site management retain responsibility for
ensuring they are completed and remedial action closed out.
It may be appropriate for the Contractor / Supplier to have a visiting Contracts or Safety Manager with
authority over the site based team, carry out these checks.
The Temporary Works Co-ordinator shall ensure inspection of the installation of the temporary works
/ equipment is completed by a competent person and recorded where necessary, throughout the
course of its construction and is in compliance with the design and drawings.
On completion of installation of the temporary works / equipment, a pre-use inspection shall be
completed by a competent person. Any faults identified shall be rectified before loading / use. A
hand over Certificate should be provided where applicable. This will be recorded at 7b on SPF 420
ATP temporary Works.
Site Engineers and Managers should carry out normal management checks to ensure any drawing or
method statement is observed by the contractor, and for use of correct specification materials and
equipment, and dimensional tolerance in accordance with Bowmer & Kirkland Quality Management
procedures.
Progress photographs should be maintained to record construction is compliant with design, together with
contractor’s normal records of material strengths, inspection and test.
Specific pre-use, daily, weekly and other Inspections may be delegated to competent personnel from
the specialist contractor / engineer.
Further Inspections may be required prior to loading permanent or temporary works, removal of
temporary works or commissioning as permanent works (including test or Statutory Inspection
records). This will be recorded on SPF 420 ATP temporary Works.

Procedure : SP 3.5
Issue: B/SS2
Sys. Date: 01.10.11

Should any anchor point, scaffold tie, foundation (for lifting equipment), etc. be re-commissioned it
will require engineering checks and testing to ensure it is suitable for the intended temporary works
and loading and a regime of normal in-service inspections.
10.0 Temporary Works in Long Term Use
Temporary works can deteriorate over time and a regime of periodic inspections must be put in place.
The routine inspections, in accordance with designer guidelines, must consider long term deterioration
of materials such as timber wedges, timber fence posts, the integrity of ties, stability of embankments etc.
Records of these routine inspections must be kept, and may be included in the records of other
relevant inspections e.g., hoarding, scaffolding, etc.
11.0 ‘Inherited’ / ‘Legacy’ Temporary Works
Where existing temporary works are taken over on a site e.g. hoarding, retaining works, etc.,
enquiries should be made to determine the design criteria, installation and inspection information and
evaluate the integrity and suitability of the temporary works / equipment for the proposed works.
This information should form part of the pre-construction information from the CDMC; otherwise they
should make arrangements to commission suitable surveys and inspections, and the scope and
timescale for any remedial works.
Until this information is available any hoarding / fence remains the responsibility of the site
owner or Permit / Licence holder e.g. demolition Contractor / previous Principal Contractor.
A visual inspection and dilapidation photos should be prepared and any areas of immediate or
serious concern notified to the CDMC / Client.
Where Bowmer & Kirkland are required commence operations without this information being
received then this should be referred to the Safety Department for advice, a formal risk
assessment may be required to ensure safety of the workforce.
To comply with CDM Regulations where we are Principal Contractor daily inspections should take
place and be recorded on SPF 306 Site Hoarding & Fencing Daily Inspection Record. The site
should be secured with additional security, temporary fencing, etc. to maintain the boundary and to
exclude unauthorised persons. If the CDMC is unable to obtain Designer Details, Design Brief /
Design checks a full survey and remedial work should be instructed by the Client.
Until adequate information is available the retained temporary works structure remains the
ultimate responsibility of the Client / site owner or Permit / Licence holder e.g. demolition
Contractor / previous Principal Contractor, who should be fulfilling on-going Inspection
requirements for CDM Regulations compliance.
A written report or ‘handover’ should be prepared by a competent engineer / Contractor prior
to taking over the responsibility for maintenance and use of the temporary works.
A visual inspection and dilapidation photos should be prepared and any areas of immediate or
serious concern notified to the CDMC / Client.
If necessary establish an exclusion zone and make the area safe until a Client instruction is received.
Where works are left in place on completion of the Project / Phase etc. the CDMC should be advised
of the designer, design and checks and any on-going inspection requirements, etc. as part of the
Project Health & Safety File information.
The CDMC should advise the Client on the appointment of a competent engineer or Contractor to
fulfil their on-going Legal obligations and any security or insurance requirements.
Further Guidance
Please contact the Group Health & Safety Department Ext. 4498 or your Health & Safety Manager Advisor.

3 5 Temporary Works

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