This document presents an annotated bibliography on how to make students autonomous learners. It includes 6 annotations summarizing research on autonomous learning and the relationship between autonomy, technology, teacher roles, and student success. The introduction asks how to make autonomous learners and what relates autonomy to language success. The conclusion synthesizes that student motivation/responsibility, teacher knowledge, changing teacher roles, critical thinking, self-efficacy, and technology can support autonomous learning.

1. How to Make Students
Autonomous Learners?
Presented By :
Athina Rokhmah Arsyaf
20120540009
PBI UMY 2012 A
Annotated Bibliography

2. The Outline
• Introduction
• Annotated 1
• Annotated 2
• Annotated 3
• Annotated 4
• Annotated 5
• Annotated 6
• The Conclusion

3. Introduction
Why choose this topic?
• Learning longest process for a lifetime
• School with modern method uses student center
• Learning language autonomously was started
Research question :
1. What is the way to make autonomous learner?
2. What is the relation between autonomy learning
and language learner success?

4. Annotated 1
Proved the aim of relationship between two concepts
(self-efficacy and learner autonomy) with academic
success is positive.
Data collected from 250 students of 5 universities in
Turkey by giving Questionnaires
Student in Language learning success accomplish
by who is doing an independence learning with
guidance from their sense of efficacy (motivation &
responsibility).
Tilfarlioglu, F. Y. & Ciftci, F. S. (2011). Supporting Self-efficacy and Learner
Autonomy in Relation to Academic Success in EFL Classrooms (A Case
Study). Electronic Journal of Theory and Practice in Language Studies,
1(10), 1284-1294.

5. Annotated 2
The aim is exploring the roles of teacher in
autonomy by using library research.
1. Autonomous learning is different with self-instruction
condition (learn without teacher’s control)
2. In the Autonomous Learning Process, students and
teachers need gained their responsibility, patience and
trust each other’s
3. Teachers have a vital role :
counsellor, facilitator, managers & organizers.
Yan, S. (2012). Teachers’ Roles in Autonomous Learning.
Electronic Journal of Sociological Research, 3(2), 1948-5468.

6. Annotated 3
This Journal tested the use of computer technology and
their self-regulated in autonomous language learning
activities.
Questionnaire for 75 State University undergraduate students
from the Department of English Language Teaching
This study stated that technology break the wall of
limited learning language activities. Both of student and
teacher bravely doing such activities to improve their
English skill by the emerging and evolution of technology.
Hayta, F & Yaprak, Z (2013). Learner Autonomy and Computer Technology
as A Facilitator of Autonomous Language Learning. Electronic Journal of
Educational and Instructional Studies in The World, 3(2), 2146-7463.

7. Annotated 4
Proved the aim of Self-directed learning’s critical thinking is
affected and retained over time.
Conducting questionnaires toward 60 females’ at Iranian Intermediate EFL.
They were divided by two equal groups; experimental and control group.
This research also highlighted problem based learning method, writing class, and
collage attendance improved students’ critical thinking.
The experimental group (autonomous learning) showed greater gains of their
critical thinking than control group (teacher centre).
Tabatabaei, O. (2012). The Effect of Self-Directed Learning on Critical
Thinking of Iranian EFL Learners. Electronic Journal of Educational and
Social Research. 2(2). 2240-0524

8. Annotated 5
A journal with library research method, with the aim is
autonomous language learning with sophisticated
technologies.
Student need consistency for independence learning
The teacher play the vital role :
to demonstrate those gadget and online facilities, more about
benefit and limit of those device.
Jones, R. G (2011). Emerging Technologies : Autonomous
Language Learning. Electronic Journal of Language Learning and
Technology. 15(3). 4-11

9. Annotated 6
The explore student teacher beliefs about learner autonomy
The data gained by
students of ELT Department, Gazi University with
some interviewed for 20 responded,
questionnaire surveys of 112 student and teacher.
Student is hardly enough for being an autonomous
language learner if their teacher lack of experienced and
knowledge about autonomous learning itself.
Balçıkanlı. C (2010). Learner Autonomy In Language
Learning: Student Teachers’ Beliefs. Australian Journal of
Teacher Education. 35(1). 8.

10. The Conclusion
• Gain student motivation and responsibility of learning.
• Gain teacher knowledge and experienced of the autonomous
learning concept. (Balçıkanlı, 2010).
• When the teacher role is changing from dictator being director,
student plays the autonomous learning (Yan, 2012).
• Autonomous learning improved student critical thinking
(Tabatabaei, 2012).
• Student with full of self-efficacy, self-regulation, high self-
motivation are bring their success of language learning (Tilfarlioglu
& Ciftci 2011).
• Technology as a mountain materials make both of student and
teacher easier in language learning independently (Jones, 2011 and
Hayta & Zaprak, 2013).

11.  That’s all…
Thank You very much