2. STRATEGY TO SHAPE THE
BEHAVIORS
We shape behavior by systematically
reinforcing each successive step that
moves individual closer to the desired
response
8. REINFORCEMENT A PROVEN
TECHNIQUE
This is a proven fact that reinforcement is more
effective as compare to other methods. With
punishment a behavior can be suppressed & can not
be eliminated completely.
9. SCHEDULE OF
REINFORCEMENT
Continuous Reinforcement
Done every time the behavior occurs
Intermittent Reinforcement
Conduct of reinforcement with intervals
but sufficient enough to make the desired
behavior worth repeating
10. SCHEDULE OF
REINFORCEMENT
Fixed Intervals Reinforcement
When rewards are spaced at uniform in time
intervals like salary
Variable Intervals Reinforcement
When rewards are spaced at
unpredictably in time intervals like commission
on sales
11. FIXED RATIO SCHEDULE
After a fixed number of responses rewards
are initiated
Earn 5$ after every completion of 5 units
12. VARIABLE RATION SCHEDULE
When reward varies relative to the
behavior of individual, he or she is said to
be on variable reinforcement schedule.
Sells people making calls some time get
sales on two calls & sometime after 30
calls
13. Conclusions
Continuous Reinforcement Fast Learning of
New Behaviors but rapid extinction
Fixes Intervals Average but regular
performance with rapid extinctions
Variable Intervals Moderately high performance
with rapid extinction
Fixed Ratio High & stable performance attained
quickly with rapid extinction rates.
Variable Ratio Very high performance with slow
extinction
