By: Eng Yazeed ​ prepared by : Dr. anas dablool

1. prepared by : Dr. anas
dablool

2. Bacterial cell structure.
• Bacterial cells
• Bacteria are all single-celled. The
cells are all prokaryotic. This means
they do not have a nucleus or any
other structures which are
surrounded by membranes. Larger
bacterial cells may be visible using a
light microscope, however an
electron microscope would be
needed to see the details of the cell
organelles.

4. Structure&it’
s function
Structure How it is related to its function
Chromosomal DNA The DNA of bacterial cells is found loose
in the cytoplasm. It is called chromosomal
DNA and is not contained within a
nucleus.
Plasmid DNA Bacteria also have small, closed-circles of
DNA called plasmids present in their
cytoplasm. Unlike the chromosomal DNA,
plasmid DNA can move from one
bacterium to another giving variation.
Flagella Bacteria can have one or more flagella
(singular: flagellum). These can rotate or
move in a whip-like motion to move the
bacterium.
Cell wall Plant and bacterial cell walls provide
structure and protection. Only plant cell
walls are made from cellulose

5. Bacteria are amongst the simplest of organisms. Their cells do not
divide by mitosis. Instead they copy themselves by binary fission. The
process is similar, but we use a different name for it because
prokaryotic bacteria are very different from other eukaryotic plant and
animal cells.

6. The Cell wall
A cell wall is a layer located outside the cell membrane found in plants,
fungi, bacteria, algae, and archaea

8. Cell wall Structure
Gram positive.
Gram negative.

9. Peptidogly
can
Peptidoglycan is the main component of the cell
wall in most bacteria... Peptidoglycan provides a
very important role in bacteria because bacteria
are unicellular; it gives strength to the outer
structure of the organism. It is also involved in
binary fission, which is how bacteria reproduce.

11. Gram Positive vs. Gram Negative Bacteria
Gram Positive Bacteria The cell walls of Gram
positive bacteria differ
structurally from the cell
walls of Gram negative
bacteria. The primary
component of bacterial
cell walls is
peptidoglycan.
Gram Negative Bacteria Like Gram positive
bacteria, the Gram
negative bacterial cell
wall is composed of
peptidoglycan. However,
the peptidoglycan is a
single thin layer
compared to the thick
layers in Gram positive

12.  Reference.

 https://www.thoughtco.com/gram-positive-gram-negative-
bacteria-4174239
 https://biologydictionary.net/peptidoglycan/
 https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zg9mk2p/revision/3

13. Thank you