Plants take in water, mineral salts, carbon dioxide and sunlight to produce their own food through photosynthesis. They absorb water and minerals through their roots which travel up the stem. Carbon dioxide enters through openings in the leaves called stomata. Using sunlight, plants combine carbon dioxide and water to produce oxygen and food energy in their leaves. The food is then distributed throughout the plant through tubes called phloem vessels. Plants also respire, taking in oxygen through stomata and releasing carbon dioxide to produce energy.