A review about the five kingdoms of living things.

1. THE CLASSIFICATION OF
LIVING THINGS

2. KINGDOMS OF LIVING THINGS
 Living things are classified into groups called
kingdoms.
 Living things from the same kingdom share
(compartir) similar characteristics.
 There are five kingdoms:
 -Animal kingdom
 -Plant kingdom
 -Fungi kingdom
 -Protist kingdom and
 -Monera kingdom

3. ANIMAL KINGDOM
 Animal are multicellular.
 They feed on other living things.
 Most animals can move about.

4. PLANT KINGDOM
 Plants are multicellular.
 They make their own food.
 Plants cannot move about because they are fixed by
roots.

5. FUNGI KINGDOM
 Fungi can be unicellular or multicellular.
 They feed on other living things and cannot move
about.

6. PROTISTA KINGDOM
 Protists can be unicellular or multicellular.
 Some protists, like algae, can make their own food.

7. MONERA KINGDOM
 Monerans are unicellular.
 This kingdom includes bacteria.
 Some bacteria can make their own food.

8. THE ANIMAL KINGDOM
 Animals are multicellular organisms that eat other
living things and can move about.
 They are divided into two groups: vertebrates and
invertebrates.

9. VERTEBRATES
 All vertebrates have an internal skeleton made up of
bones.
 This skeleton includes a backbone, which consists of
ring-like bones called vertebrae.
 They can be:
- Mammals
- Birds
- Reptiles
- Amphibians and
- Fish

10. Mammals
 They are viviparous.
 Their bodies are covered with fur or hair.
 They breathe with lungs.
 Most mammals have legs.

11. Birds
 They are oviparous.
 Their bodies are covered with feathers.
 They breath with lungs.
 They have two legs and two wings.

12. Reptiles
 They are oviparous.
 Their skin is covered with scales.
 They breath with lungs.
 Most reptiles have legs.

13. Amphibians
 They are oviparous.
 They breath through gills (branquias) when they are
young, and with lungs when they are adults.
 Adult amphibians have legs.

14. Fish
 They are oviparous.
 Their bodies are covered with scales.
 They breath through gills.
 They have fins (aletas).

15. INVERTEBRATES
 Invertebrates do not have an internal skeleton made
up of bones, so they do not have a backbone.
 Most invertebrates are oviparous.
 Invertebrates are classified into six groups:
-Sponges
-Cnidarians
-Worms
-Molluscs
-Echinoderms and
-Arthropods

16. THE PLANT KINGDOM
 Plants are multicellular living things that can make
their own food and cannot move about.
 All plants can be classified into two main groups:
- Non-seed plants and
- Seed plants.

17. Non-seed plants
 Non-seed plants do not produce flowers and seeds.
 They reproduce with spores.
 Spores can form new plants.
 There are two types of non-seed plants: Mosses and
ferns.

18. Mosses
 Mosses are very small plants.
 They live in humid and shady places, and grow on
rocks, tree trunks and in the ground.
 They have tiny stems and leaves.

19. Ferns
 Ferns are much larger than mosses.
 They also live in humid and shady places.
 They have large leaves called fronds.

20. Seed plants
 Seed plants reproduce with seeds.
 There are also two types of seed plants:
gymnosperms and angiosperms.

21. Gymnosperms
 Gymnosperms produce seeds, wich are grouped
together in cones.
 They are evergreen trees and shrubs with needle or
scale-shaped leaves.
 Pine trees and firs are gymnosperms.

22. Angiosperms
 Angiosperms produce flowers and fruits which contain
seeds.
 They can be deciduous or evergreen trees, shrubs or
grasses.
 Some examples are apple trees, lavender, grass and
poppies (amapolas).

23. THE FUNGI KINGDOM
 Fungi are different living things from plants and
animals.
 Like plants, they cannot move about and many of
them grow in soil.
 Like animals, fungi cannot make their own food.
 Fungi can feed on other organisms or their remains.
 Therefore, they can be found not only on the ground,
but also on pieces of wood or on decomposing food.

24.  Fungi are classified into two groups:
 Unicellular fungi, like yeasts (levaduras).
 Multicellular fungi, like mushrooms and moulds
(moho).

25. Many fungi are beneficial to people but others can be
harmful.
Beneficial fungi:
 Some fungi can produce edible (comestible)
mushrooms.
 Some medicines, like penicillin, are produced by fungi.
Harmful fungi:
Some fungi can produce poisonous mushrooms.
Athlete´s foot is an infection caused by a fungus.

26. THE PROTISTA KINGDOM
 Protists include two very different types of organisms:
Algae and protozoa.

27. Algae
 Algae are aquatic living things that can be unicellular
or multicellular.
 They can make their own food.
 Some multicellular marine algae can grow to a very
large size.
 Algae are very nutritius, so they are used as food in
many countries. They are also used as fertilizer and to
produce cosmetics.

28. Protozoa
 Protozoa are unicellular living things that live in
aquatic environments.
 They feed on other organisms.
 Some protozoa can cause diseases, like malaria.

29. THE MONERA KINGDOM
 Monerans are unicellular living things.
 This kingdom includes bacteria, the most abundant of
all living things.

30. Bacteria
 Bacteria are the smallest and the simplest living things,
and can only be seen through a microscope.
 Most bacteria feed on other organisms, but some
bacteria make their own food.
 Bacteria can be found everywhere in the world.
 They can live in all kinds of environments: in water,
soil, air or inside other living things.
 Some bacteria are helpful, like the ones used to make
yoghurt, but others are harmful, like the ones that
causes cholera.