From 1000kg fresh milky mushroom, 100kg dried mushroom and 50kg mushroom powder can be produced. The total estimated cost of the drying and powder making project is Rs. 4,20,000. The main machinery required includes a slicer, tray dryer and pulverizer. With an annual production of 100kg dried mushroom and 50kg powder, the total revenue generated would be enough to repay the loan and provide profit within the first year of operation. Mushroom drying and powder making provides opportunities for value addition and a longer shelf life for the product.

1. SHORT VIEDO CONTEST
TITLE : MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
AND VALUE ADDED PRODUCTS

2. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION PROCESS
Information
gathering
Resources
Procurement of
inputs
Cultivation
process(bed/seed
bed preparation)
Monitoring and
daily maintenance
Harvesting
Packaging and
value addition
Marketing and
profit analysis

3. Different types of mushrooms majorly available in market
1. Button mushroom

4. 2. oyster mushroom

5. 3. Milky mushroom

6. Sl.No Mushroom type Required temperature (oC) Required
humidity (%)
Vegetative growth Reproductive
growth
1. Button mushroom 20-28 12-18 80-90
2. Oyster mushroom 20 -30 20 -30 55-70
3. Milky mushroom 25 - 35 25 - 35 85-90
Climatic conditions for growth of different types mushroom

7. ABOUT MILKY MUSHROOM
Milky mushroom (calocybe indica) is second
tropical mushroom suitable for cultivation in
tropical and subtropical regions of the country.
It can grown in temperature 25 - 35 °c and relative
humidity 85-90%
Time period (sowing to harvesting) is 45-50 days.

8. HEALTH BEBEFITS OF MILKY MUSHROOM
 Milky mushrooms are an excellent source of vitamins B2, E, and A, phosphorus,
potassium, and selenium, and also contain calcium, vitamin C, iron, and zinc.
 It strengthens and regulates the immune system, which makes it a powerful
defense against infections.
 It is also said to have antibiotic, anti-tumor, and anti-cancer properties, and to
help in regulating diabetes, lowering bad cholesterol levels, and to have strong
antioxidant properties.

9. BASIC MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
FOR MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
1. Chaff Cutter
 Used for cutting of paddy straw
 Power operated (1-3 hp)
 Operating speed 400 – 600 kg/hr

10. BASIC MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
FOR MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
2. Humidifier
 Used to maintain required humidity
levels in growing rooms
3. Digital temperature and
humidity meter
 used to daily monitoring of
temperature and humidity during
cultivation

11. BASIC MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
FOR MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
4. Manual sprayer
 Used for spraying water in beds
at cropping period.
 Manual operated (16 litres)
capacity.

12. Paddy straw
Spawn
Black/ red soil
Polyethylene bags
Drums
Tarpaulin cover
Formalin
Bavistin
Chalk powder
RAW MATERIALS REQUIRED

13. MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION PROCESS
Step 1: chopping of paddy straw into 1 to 2 inch length using chaff cutter.
Step 2 : soaking of paddy straw with chemically treated water(Bavistin of 7.5g
and formalin 125ml for 100 liters water) and seal the drum with polythene sheet,
rest for 15 to 18hrs.

14. MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION PROCESS
Step 3: After 22 hrs the excess water is drained out and paddy straw should
be dried under sun until it gets the moisture content of 20%

15. MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION PROCESS
Step 4: Prepare the beds by filling paddy straw and spawn as layer by layer.
Per each bag 5 layers of spawn is filled.

16. MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION PROCESS
Step 5: keep the prepared bags in dark room
for 14-20 days for spawn growth.
 The bags can be arranged in hanging bag
system which reduces input cost.
 Maintain the temperature (25 – 35℃)
and humidity (80 - 90%) in dark room
for proper development of spawn.

17. MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION PROCESS
Step 6: Prepare the soil for casing by adding chalk powder and formaldehyde
solution(4%) mix well and rest it for a week.

18. MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION PROCESS
Step 7: After 20 days remove the bags from
dark room and cut the bag into 2 halves, fill
the prepared casing material of 2-3 cm
thickness and shift to cropping room.
 The bags are arranged racks (made of
either steel / bamboo / wood), daily
watering should be done.
 Maintain the temperature (25 – 35℃) and
humidity (80 - 85%) in cropping room for
proper development of mushrooms.
Step 8: After 10 days in cropping room, pin
heads are developed in beds and 1st harvest
can be obtain at 35th day of cultivation
process.

19. MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION PROCESS
Step 9: In 45 to 50 days of cultivation process complete harvest of milky
mushrooms can be done.

20. MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION PROCESS
Step 10: Harvested mushrooms are packed in a plastic trays each of 200gm
and sell in the local market.

21. MILKY MUSHROOM MARKETING AND VALUE ADDITION
MARKETING
 Packed mushrooms of 200gm each can be supplied to local market,
supermarkets, restaurants etc.,
Value addition to milky mushrooms
 Milky Mushrooms can be dried under sun and those dehydrated
mushrooms can be packed and supplied to markets.
 Milky Mushroom pickles can be made and supplied to local markets.
 Dried mushroom powder also have demand in market.

22. COST ANALYSIS FOR 100 KG OF SPAWN CULTIVATION
 Paddy straw required for 1 kg spawn – 8 kg(dry weight)
 Paddy straw required for 100 kg spawn – 800 kg
 From 1 kg spawn we can prepare 6 beds (each bed has 5 layers of
spawn)
 From 100 kg spawn we can prepare 600 beds.
 1 kg spawn gives yield of 6 – 8 kg mushroom.
 100 kg spawn gives yield of 600 – 800 kg mushroom.
 Cost of 1 kg mushroom – 200rs/-
 Cost of 700 kg mushroom – 1,40,000rs/-

23. COST ANALYSIS FOR 100 KG OF SPAWN CULTIVATION
 With 100kg spawn, 600 beds can be prepared.
 For 100 kg spawn cultivation we require 2 dark rooms/shed (spawn
development) and 1 light room (cropping room).
 Each dark room/shed size is 10*10 sq ft and light room size 20*10
sq ft.
 In each 10*10 sq ft room we can fit 300 beds.
 Total area / land required for mushroom cultivation is 6 cents.
 For 1 cropping it takes 2 months, in a year 5-6 cropping's can be
done.

24. COST ANALYSIS FOR 100 KG OF SPAWN CULTIVATION
S.NO Material Quantity Total cost(Rs.)
1 Paddy straw 800 kg 3000
2 Spawn 100 kg 12000
3 Formalin 10 lit 1000
4 Chalk powder 60 kg 2000
5 Polyethylene bags and rubber bands 10 kg 2000
6 Red/black soil 1 load 600
7 Bavistin 1 kg 500
8 Plastic trays and covers 3000 covers 3000
9 Nylon plastic ropes for hanging bags
(each pack has 5 ropes of 15m length)
20 2000
10 Power utility and Transportation - 3000
11 Labour chargers 2 persons 8000
12 miscellaneous - 900
Total cost 38,000/-
Working capital estimates

25. COST ANALYSIS FOR 100 KG OF SPAWN CULTIVATION
S.NO Particulars Quantity Amount
(Rs.)
1. Chaff cutter 1 10000
2. Humidifier 1 10000
3. Digital temperature and humidity meter 4 2000
4. Manual sprayer 1 1000
5. Plastic drums (1000 lit) 4 4000
6. Tarpaulin cover 4 2000
7. Bamboo/ wooden racks (for 20*10 size room with 5
stages)
- 18000
Total 47,000
Estimated cost of machinery and equipment

26. COST ANALYSIS OF MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
Particulars Amount (Rs.)
Land & site development (on lease) 5000
Building and civil works 1,60,000
Machinery and equipment 47,000
Working capital 38,000
Total 2,50,000
Estimated cost of the project

27. COST ANALYSIS OF MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
PER YEAR
Proposed means of finance
 Total project cost – Rs. 2,50,000
 Loan taking from bank @ 9% interest for 1 year time period – Rs.
2,50,000
 Interest per month – Rs. 1500
 Interest per year – Rs. 18,000
 For 1 cropping, mushroom production is 700 kg.
 Per year 5-6 cropping's can be done.
 For 5 cropping's in a year total mushroom production is 3500 kg.
 Total revenue obtained by selling 600kg mushroom @ Rs.200 Per kg
(yield for 1 cropping period) – Rs.1,40,000.

28. COST ANALYSIS OF MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
PER YEAR
Particular Amount (Rs.)
Total expenses for 1 cropping period
(working capital + land rent + interest)
44,500
Total revenue obtained for 1 cropping period
(by selling mushrooms)
1,40,000
 Profit obtained for 1 cropping period = total revenue – total expenses
= 1,40,000 – 44500
= 95,500/-
 Profit obtained per year (for 5 cropping’s) = 95,500*5 = Rs. 4,77,500
 Total investment / project cost = Rs. 2,50,000
 Total/ Net profit obtained per year = 4,77,500 – 2,50,000
= Rs. 2,27,500/-

29. CONCLUSION
In 1 year mushroom cultivation the total investment can be repaid and profit is
obtained.
 In 2nd year the profit will be – Rs. 4,77,500.
If we cultivate for next successful years the profit will increases.
If we increase production, more profits will be obtained.
By adding value- addition to product like dried milky mushrooms, mushroom
pickles and mushroom powder etc., more profits will obtain.
 A farmer or individual can grow the mushroom at required conditions and they
can make profits.

30. OPPORTUNITIES AND LIMITATIONS
Opportunities
• In mushroom cultivation, we get more profits with less investment.
• The pandemic has also prompted a few experts to look at consumption of
mushrooms, known for their immunity-boosting ant-viral properties, with
renewed vigor.
• The main advantage of milky mushroom compare to other mushroom
varieties is its shelf life. It can be store up to 1 week in normal room
temperatures.
• No specific skills are required for cultivation of mushroom. Even a farmer or
common people can practice this mushroom cultivation.
Limitations
• Green moulds, fungi will attack during cultivation process if not maintain
cleanness.
• Proper maintenance and care should be taken from starting to end of the
process.
• Workers should sanitize themselves while working.

31. DRIED MILKY MUSHROOM
AND MILKY MUSHROOM
POWDER PRODUCTS MAKING
UNIT

32. Dried / Dehydrated mushroom
 Dried / Dehydrated mushroom are used as an
important ingredient in several food formulations
including instant soups, Pasta, snack seasonings,
casseroles and meat and rice dishes.
 Mushroom contains 90% moisture at the time of
harvesting and are dried to a moisture level down
below 10-12%.
 At a drying temperature of 55-60 °C, the insects
and microbes on the mushrooms will be killed in
few hours, which gives us the dehydrated final
product of lower moisture level with longer shelf-
life (up to 6 months).
 10 kg fresh milky mushrooms = 1kg dry milky
mushroom.
 From dried mushrooms, mushroom powder can
also be made.

33. Drying / Dehydration of milky mushroom
Mushroom drying methods
1. Sun drying
In this process freshly harvested
mushrooms are cleaned with water and cut the
mushroom into small pieces by hand or using
slicing machines for quick drying.
2. Tray drying / oven drying
In this process the harvested mushrooms
are cleaned with water and cut into small pieces
and place the pieces uniformly in trays and keep
it in air dryer or oven at 55 - 60℃ for few hours
and remove dried mushrooms and allow it to
cool.
For commercial purpose, this method of
drying is most commonly used.

34. Machinery required for Drying of milky
mushroom
1. slicer
 Used to slice/ cut the mushroom into
smaller pieces.
 Power operated
 operating capacity – 150 to 200 kg/hr
2. Tray dryer
• Used to dry mushroom
pieces.
• Power operated
• 12 rows / trays
• Trays capacity 12 – 90 kg

35. MILKY MUSHROOM POWDER
 Mushroom powder offers the several health benefits such as boost the immune
system, promotes heart health, helps to control the blood sugar, improves the
antioxidant levels, reduces the fatigue and fight depression and may help to
protect from cancer.
 The mushroom powder is mostly used to provide the thickness to the soups,
sauces, bouillons, ready meals, coffee, tea, and other savory products.
 Mushroom powder is made by grinding the dried mushrooms.

36. Machinery required for milky mushroom
powder making
1. Pulverizer
 Used to grind the dried mushroom
slices.
 Power operated (2 hp)
 operating capacity 20 - 25 kg/hr.

37. COST ANALYSIS OF DRY MILKY MUSHROOM
PRODUCTION AND MILKY MUSHROOM POWDER
• From 10 kg milky mushroom, 1kg dry milky mushrooms will obtain.
• To obtain 100 kg dry mushroom, we require 1000 kg milky mushroom.
• From 1kg dry mushroom, 1kg mushroom powder will obtain.
 From the production of 100kg dried mushroom, 50 kg dried mushroom is utilized for
making mushroom powder.
 Remaining 50 kg dried mushroom is directly packed and sold in market.
For this processing unit, we require a 20*10 ft room and 3 to 4 cents of area.

38. Particulars Amount (Rs.)
Land & site development (on lease) 5000
Building and civil works 70,000
Machinery and equipment 1,05,000
Working capital 2,40,000
Total 4,20,000
Estimated cost of the project
COST ANALYSIS OF DRY MILKY MUSHROOM
PRODUCTION AND MILKY MUSHROOM POWDER

39. S.NO Particulars Quantity Amount
(Rs.)
1. slicer 1 20,000
2. Tray dryer 1 60,000
3. Pulveriser 1 22,000
4. Plastic trays and bowls 5-10 3000
Total 1,05,000
Estimated cost of machinery and equipment
COST ANALYSIS OF DRY MILKY MUSHROOM
PRODUCTION AND MILKY MUSHROOM POWDER

40. S.NO Particulars Quantity Amount (Rs.)
1. Power and utility - 10,000
2. Packaging material
(transparent food graded zip lock
type pouches)
500 no. 2000
3. labour 2 23,000
4. Fresh milky mushroom 1000 kg 2,00,000
5. miscellaneous - 5000
Total 2,40,000
Estimated working capital cost per year
COST ANALYSIS OF DRY MILKY MUSHROOM
PRODUCTION AND MILKY MUSHROOM POWDER

41. Proposed means of finance
 Total project cost – Rs. 4,20,000
 Loan taking from bank @ 9% interest for 1 year time period – Rs. 4,20,000
 Interest per month – Rs. 3150
 Interest per year – Rs. 37,800
• From 1000kg fresh mushroom, we get 100kg dried mushroom.
• From the 100kg dried mushroom, 50kg dried mushroom is converted to
mushroom powder.
 Cost of 1 kg dry milky mushroom = Rs.1500
 Cost of 1 kg milky mushroom powder = Rs. 2500
 Total revenue obtained by selling 50kg dry milky mushroom = Rs. 75,000
 Total revenue obtained by selling 50kg milky mushroom powder = Rs.
1,25,000
COST ANALYSIS OF DRY MILKY MUSHROOM
PRODUCTION AND MILKY MUSHROOM POWDER PER
YEAR

42. COST ANALYSIS OF MILKY MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
PER YEAR
Particular Amount (Rs.)
Total expenses for 1 cropping period
(working capital + land rent + interest)
44,500
Total revenue obtained for 1 cropping period
(by selling mushrooms)
1,40,000
 Profit obtained for 1 cropping period = total revenue – total expenses
= 1,40,000 – 44500
= 95,500/-
 Profit obtained per year (for 5 cropping’s) = 95,500*5 = Rs. 4,77,500
 Total investment / project cost = Rs. 2,50,000
 Total/ Net profit obtained per year = 4,77,500 – 2,50,000
= Rs. 2,27,500/-

44. THANK YOU