2. DEFINITION
Premenstrual syndrome ( PMS) is a disruptive
set of emotional and physical symptoms that
regularly occur in the one to two weeks before
the start of each menstrual period. Symptoms
resolve around the time menstrual bleeding
begins.
3. CAUSES
Progesterone and estrogen fluctuations
Genetics
History of mood disorders
Stress
Increased inflammatory response during luteal phase
of cycle
Smoking
Alcoholism
Chemical changes in the brain. Fluctuations of
serotonin , a brain chemical(neurotransmitter) that’s
thought to play a crucial role in mood states , could
trigger PMS symptoms. Insufficient amounts of
serotonin may contribute to premenstrual depression ,
as well as to fatigue, food cravings and insomnia.
4. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Different women experience different symptoms.
Premenstrual syndrome commonly produces one
or more physical , emotional , or behavioral
symptoms , that resolve with menses.
Most common symptoms are
Breast tenderness
Bloating
Headache
Mood swings
Depression
Anxiety
Anger
Irritability
5. TREATMENT
• Treatment includes
Antidepressants – selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SSRIs) – which include
fluoxetine(prozac) ,paroxetine(paxil , paxeva),
seetraline(zoloft) and others have been
successful in reducing mood symptoms .
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)
Diuretics
Hormonal contraceptives
6. Cont…
• TREATMENT IN NATURAL WAY:
Vitamins such as calcium ,E, B-6 and
magnesium may help ease physical and
emotional symptoms such as breast
tenderness, bloating , fatigue ,irritability ans
insomnia.
Herbal remedies such as ginger, primrose oil,
chaste berry, and ginkgo also may support
women's relief of PMS symptoms.
