.

1. Pakistan Education
Sector Reforms
Efforts
Government of Pakistan
Ministry of Education

2. 2
Scheme of Presentation
1. Present Environment of Education:
a. Literacy Rates in Pakistan by Gender
b. Number of Institutions, Enrolment and Teaching Staff
c. Public Institutions: Missing Facilities
d. Educational Institutions by Medium of Instruction.
e. Comparative Summary of Enrolment
f. Enrollment & Drop-outs up to Intermediate Level 2000 &
2005
g. Enrolment by Gender and location
h. Vocational and Technical Institutions (Diploma and
Certificate Programs)
i. Number of Deeni Madaris by Enrolment and Teaching
Staff
2. Budgetary Allocation for Education
3. Reforms Undertaken

3. 3
Present Environment of Education
a. Literacy Rate in Pakistan by Gender
Census 1998 (in %) PSLM 2004-05 (in %)
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Pakistan 44 55 32 53 65 40
Punjab 46.6 57.2 35.1 55 65 45
Sindh
Urban 63.7 69.8 56.7 72 80 62
Rural 25.7 37.9 12.2 38 56 18
Total 45.3 54.5 34.8 56 68 41
NWFP 35.4 51.4 18.8 45 64 26
Balochistan 24.8 34.0 14.1 37 52 19
Sources: Population Census, 1998 and Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement (PSLM) Survey 2004-05

4. 4
b. Number of Institutions, Enrolment and
Teaching Staff
Area
Educational
Institutions
Non-
Functional
Enrolment
Teaching
Staff
Pakistan 227,791 12,737 33,379,578 1,356,802
Punjab 110,459 2,742 18,298,608 716,768
Sindh 51,006 7,442 6,552,795 290,749
NWFP 37,761 1,781 5,206,932 198,893
Balochistan 10,986 306 1,110,162 50,893
ICT 1,189 23 390,888 19,387
FATA 5,145 123 605,437 22,079
Northern
Area
3,977 128 354,962 15,196
AJK 7,268 192 859,794 42,837
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006

5. 5
Province
Without
Boundary
Wall
Without
Drinking
Water
Without
Electricity
without
Latrine
Without
Building
2000 2005 2000 2005 2000 2005 2000 2005 2000 2005
Pakistan 72865 53,481 56,094 46,766 99,597 81,633 78,655 57,216 21,126 9,776
Punjab 29,850 18,339 12,918 13,690 43,110 32,189 36,652 22,206 6,946 3,433
Sindh 18,689 14,838 17,910 11,586 25,005 22,149 18,815 12,842 9,834 4,001
NWFP 12,093 9,014 12,740 9,774 17,359 13,716 11,138 10,392 2,201 1,214
Baloch-
istan
7,656 5,447 9,010 5,621 2,152 6,950 8,738 6,137 1,481 585
ICT 63 51 54 32 41 20 56 39 06 -
FATA 1,839 1,275 1,852 2,013 1,797 2,045 1,839 2,079 110 292
FANA 910 748 492 1,085 903 1,033 1,126 738 104 36
AJK 1,765 3,769 1,118 2,965 1,614 3,531 1,774 2,783 444 215
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006
c. Public Institutions: Missing Facilities

6. 6
d. Educational Institutions by Medium of
Instruction
Type
# of
Institutions
Medium of Instruction (in %)
Urdu English Sindhi Others*
Total 227791 64.6 10.4 15.5 9.5
Boys 57868 77.3 2.9 6.7 13.2
Girls 48475 78.3 2.6 9.3 9.8
Mixed 121448 53.1 17.1 22.2 7.6
Public 151,744 68.3 1.4 22.4 7.9
Boys 50,265 82.2 1.2 7.5 9.1
Girls 41878 80.6 1.4 6.7 11.3
Mixed 59,601 48.0 1.6 43.4 7.0
Private 76,047 57.2 28.4 1.8 12.7
Boys 6,597 63.7 10.7 2.6 23.0
Girls 7,602 44.4 1.4 1.3 52.9
Mixed 61,847 58.0 32.1 1.7 7.7
* It includes Pushto, Balochi, Arabic
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006

7. 7
e. Comparative Summary of Enrollment
Area
Enrolment at all levels (Primary to Tertiary)
2000 2003 Increase in
% over 2000
2005 Increase in
% over 2000
Pakistan 22,584,640 23,871,551 5.7 33,379,578 47.8
Punjab 12,574,349 13,193,556 4.9 18,298,608 45.5
Sindh 4,391,594 4,765,061 8.5 6,552,795 49.2
NWFP 3,473,481 3,619,894 4.2 5,206,932 49.9
Balochistan 841,033 881,279 4.8 1,110,162 32.0
ICT 190,520 206,579 8.4 390,888 105.2
FATA 436,107 499,921 14.6 605,437 38.0
FANA 125,017 140,484 12.4 354,962 184.0
AJK 552,539 564,724 2.2 859,794 55.6
*Increase based on base year 2000
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006

8. 8
f. Enrollment & Drop-outs up to Intermediate
Level 2000 & 2005
Up to Class 12
Up to Class 10
Up to Class 8
Up to Class 5
0.076
1.311
3.074
12.480
Inter & HSSC*
Secondary
Middle
Primary
Student Enrolment in Public Institutions
1999-2000 2004-05
Dropout
Stage
Dropouts
1999-2000
Dropouts
2004-05
0.708
1.479
3.323
14.829
30.14%
22.41%
24.5%
53.0%
0.023
0.294
0.753
6.614
15.7%
15.68%
15.9%
31.3%
0.111
0.232
0.528
4.641
0.539
1.316
6.865 46.30%
39.60%
36.44%
During Inter/HSSC
During Secondary (SSC)
During Middle
During Primary
After Middle
After Primary
After Secondary
Total: 16.941 Million Total: 7.684 Million Total: 5.512 Million
Total: 20.339 Million
Note: (i) Total eligible for enrolment (3 to 16 age group): 50.270 million 52.256 million
(ii) Enrolment in Public and Private Institutions: 25.072 million 33.379 million
(iii) Enrolment in Public Sector: 16.941 million 21.258 million
(iv) Children do not enroll. 25.198 million 18.877 million
* Data for Inter/HSSC relate to Academic Year 2000-01.
1999-2000 2004-2005

9. 9
g. Enrolment by Gender and Location
Province/Area Total Male Female Rural Urban
Pakistan 33,379,578 18,981,213
57%
14,398,365
43%
19,159,897
57%
14,219,681
43%
Punjab 18,298,608 9,795,492
54%
8,503,116
46%
10,374,093
57%
7,924,515
43%
Sindh 6,552,795 3,844,929
59%
2,707,866
41%
2,551,368
39%
4,001,427
61%
NWFP 5,206,932 3,322,543
64%
1,884,389
36%
3,936,925
76%
1,270,007
24%
Balochistan 1,110,162 713,683
64%
396,479
36%
662,447
60%
447,715
40%
ICT 390,888 208,998
53%
181,890
47%
90,722
23%
300,166
77%
FATA 605,437 440,285
73%
165,152
27%
605,437
100% -
Northern
Area 354,962 190,621
54%
164,341
46%
288,641
81%
66,321
19%
AJK 859,794 464,662
54%
395,132
46%
650,264
76%
209,530
24%
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006

10. 10
h. Vocational and Technical Institutions
(Diploma and Certificate Programs)
Area Institutions Enrolment Teachers
Pakistan 3,059 238,687 15,339
Punjab 1,455 116,412 7,883
Sindh 454 57,855 2,780
NWFP 727 48,342 3114
Balochistan 48 4,538 451
ICT 54 3,612 265
FATA 35 1,520 134
FANA 186 7,633 272
AJK 100 5,045 440
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006

11. 11
i. Number of Deeni Madaris by Enrolment and
Teaching staff
Area
No. of
Deeni
Madaris
Covered
No. of Deeni
Madaris
Refusal
No. of
Deeni
Madaris for
which Data
is Collected
Enrolment
Teaching
Staff
Pakistan 12979 826 12153 1549242 58391
Punjab 5459 159 5300 674281 24977
Sindh 1935 119 1816 312693 11951
NWFP 2843 275 2568 336983 12058
Balochistan 769 99 670 65597 2891
ICT 77 15 62 10557 657
FATA 135 43 92 14162 481
FANA 1193 39 1154 88540 3160
AJK 568 77 491 46429 2216
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006

12. 12
Budgetary Allocation for Education
2000-01 2005-06 2006-07
Ministry of Education 5.08 6.8 9.55
Higher Education Commission - 22.20 27.58
Other Federal Ministries 2.90 7.40 7.59
Punjab 31.39 60.75 83.97
Sindh 16.16 28.90 39.92
NWFP 11.35 18.23 23.68
Balochistan 4.73 8.86 9.63
AJK 2.25 3.75 4.63
FATA 1.49 2.10 3.78
FANA 0.49 0.98 1.39
Total (Public Sector) 75.88 160.00 211.77
Total (Private Sector) 12.00 35.91 40.69*
Grand Total 87.88 195.91 252.46
GDP(mp) (Economic survey 2005-06) on
current factor cost.
3,863 7,713 -
Education Budget as % of GDP 2.27% 2.53% -
(Rs. In Billion)
Source: Details of demands for grants and appropriations 2006-07, GoP, Finance Div. Budget books of the Govt. of Punjab, Sindh, NWFP,
Balochistan and AJ&K for 2006-07. Official communications from various Federal Ministries/Divisions addressed to the MoE. Official
Communications from the District Governments to the MoE.
*Estimated

13. 13
1. Uniform academic session from 1st of September
throughout the country.
2. Free education upto Matriculation.
3. Provision of free textbooks.
4. Grant of scholarships and incentives to girl
students.
5. English language compulsory from Class-1
onwards.
6. Composite examination at Matric level
throughout the country from 2007, province of
Sindh will adopt it in 2008.
7. Provision of missing facilities in schools through
PESR (Rs. 1.05 billion for 2006-07).
Reforms Undertaken
Continue…

14. 14
8. Introduction of English as medium of
instruction for Science, Mathematics and
Computer Science. Islamiyat and Pakistan
Studies in Urdu in all schools.
9. Social Studies for Classes VI-VIII bifurcated
into History and Geography as compulsory
subjects.
10. New Scheme of Studies approved and notified
with effect from 2007.
11. Budgetary allocations for education increased.
Continue…

15. 15
12. New curriculum:
 Information Technology / Computer Education from
Class-VI.
 All duplication in subjects eliminated.
 Contents do not reflect thinking of any particular sect
/ school of thought.
 Ethics, moral education and Haqooq-ul-ibad
included.
 Curriculum upgraded to ensure latest developments /
ideas in science and technology. Progressive with
vertical and horizontal linkages.
 New Groups i.e. Medical Technology Group and
Computer Science Group introduced in Class XI-XII.
Continue…

16. 16
13. Ordinance issued for regulatory authority for
registration of private sector educational
institutions.
14. Format of the question papers for the Board
examinations revised. The papers will have
three parts:
i. 20% objective questions. The questions will have
multiple choices.
ii. 50% questions for short answers.
iii. 30% questions for descriptive answers.
- During 2006 teachers being trained to prepare
children to answer questions on this pattern from
2007.
Continue…

17. 17
15. NAVTEC established to ensure:
i. Vocational Schools: at each Tehsil and at industrial
clusters. All dropout from schools be encouraged to
enroll.
ii. Polytechnic Institutes: at District level for matriculates
to produce technicians /supervisors.
iii. Technical Colleges: 4/5 in each province for F.Sc.
qualified students to produce technical graduates.
16. Teacher’s status improved, recruitment of female
teachers given priority.
17. National textbook policy formulated.
18. Curriculum for the following eleven core compulsory
subjects have been revised:
Islamiat III-XII Physics IX-XII
Urdu I-XII Chemistry IX-XII
English I-XII Biology IX-XII
Pakistan Studies IX-X Mathematics I-XII
History VI– VIII General Science IV-VIII
Geography VI-VIII

18. Thank You