class activity

1. BLD 60104 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
1
Site and Temporary Works
Leong Li Jing 0323628
Gillian Chong 0323941
Chia Sze Sian 0323574
Chan Qi Han 0324315
Yap Zheng Xiang 0322411
Michelle Tung Man Kaye 0324175

2. Accessibility to Site
 Accessible routes from all entrances and exit
for construction and public use
 New sites or existing sites
 Conditions:
- Slope
- Bends
- Sharp corners
- Gradient
- Width

3. Services
 Actions:
 Planning the works
 Locating and identifying buried services
 Safe excavation
 Examples:
 Electricity cables
 Water pipes
 Gas pipes
 Telecommunication cables

4. Facilities
School
Fire station
Playground
Bus station Hospital
Police station

5. Water Table
High Water Level Low Water Level
Water pressure in the soil is high and likely to be
corresponding weaker
Water pressure is low and cause the soil to
Affect the stability of slopping ground Lose most of the moisture will cause building to
crack
Surrounded by areas of higher ground,
underground water tend to flow to the site
*save more costs and laborer work
Causes flooding
*necessary to pump excavations and provide
drainage to remove the water
*which will need additional costs

6. Sub-Soil
Types of Soil Advantage Disadvantage
Hardrock Great Foundation Characteristics High Excavation Costs
Gravel Strong and Easily Drained Bearing capacity halved
when water table is high
Clay Good Bearing Capacity Does not Drain Well
Sand Cheap excavation Loose

7. Site clearance
■ Removal of bushes and trees
■ Removal of soil to reduce level
■ Demolition of existing building
■ Plants that can be use for demolition
a) Back-hoe
b) Lorries
c) bulldozer

8. Site setting out
■ Establish a baseline
a) Mark the position of line
b) Measure on-site by using steel tape
■ Setting out main line
a) Mark each corner of the building by using stout peg
b) Make sure the angles and lengths are right
■ Setting up profile board
a) Foundation trench positions and walls

9. Temporary works
1. Accommodation For Workers
■ This facility will be strategic to the progress of
the project because it allows workers to live
close to their work sites. This will help them
stay within reach of their ultimate goal,
notably by avoiding unnecessary trips

10. 2. Security
■ Fencing
- defines the limit of the site
- deterrent to trespasser
Temporary works

11. Types of Scaffolding
1) Putlog Scaffolding:
■ Standards are joined together with horizontal
members.
■ Spacing is the same on a putlog scaffold as on a
general purpose scaffold.
■ The building supports the scaffolding.
2) Independent Scaffolding:
• 2 rows of standards at about 1m apart are tied
by cross-members-transform because it does not
rely on the building.
• Diagonal braces are fitted between standards to
give stability.

12. 3) Mobile Access Tower:
■ Workers have easier access to buildings for
constructing purposes
■ Able to move manually on ground and workers are
free standing when on the platform
■ Safe and adaptable style of scaffold that is nicely
suited to perform around the typical house like
bungalows.

13. Timbering
There are 3 main components of timbering:
a) Poling boards
■ When the soil is soft, such as soft clay or sand,
it will be necessary to use more closely spaced
poling boards to prevent the sides of the trench
between the struts from falling in.
b) Walings
■ Running the length of trench and support poling boards
c) Struts
■ It used to put across the width of the trench, supporting open poling boards, close poling boards
and walings or poling boards and sheeting

14. THANK YOU