My lesson on "Text Structure"

1. Text Structures
Text Structure refers to how the information in a
written text is organized. We all read books, text books,
magazine, news papers etc. and all these are texts. This
is an important skill a student must know.
These texts are written by the authors mainly for three
purposes; and they are:
 To make an argument
 To inform
 To tell a story

2. Text Structures
So, in order to achieves these purposes, the authors
use one of these text structures. And these text
structures are:
 Description
 Sequence/ Process/ Instruction
 Cause and Effect
 Compare and Contrast
 Problem and Solution

3. Description
This text provides details or characteristics of
something: person, thing, event, place etc.
I have a pet dog. His name is Apso. By looking at his
name, you can know he is apso. His hair is as white as
snow. He is one feet tall. His two ears are straight. He has
one protruding tooth and it makes him feel sad. He has a
very shrill voice. When he barks, all the animals near him
run away. He loves playing with me on the yard and
when he gets tired, he takes out his long tongue.
Think of all sorts of Adjectives

4. Sequence/ Process/ Instruction
This text provides chronological event/ a list of steps
in a process
Momo can be made easily. First of all, prepare a dough
and leave it for sometime. In the mean time, chop some
onions, meat and coriander. Put masalas and mix them
well. After that, take out the dough and make small
rounds. Then put a portion of mixture in it and cover it.
Finally put all the momos in a streamer and cook for 15
minutes. Momo is ready.
Use Transitional Words

5. Cause and Effect
This texts shows the reason for the outcome of a
situation. Why this happen…
My friend always spends time studying. Everyday, when
other students are in deep sleep, he gets up and reads a
book. Not only that, in the class, he asks his teachers if
he does not understand. He does all his homework on
time. He also helps those who are weak in studies. On
Sundays, he goes to school temple and prays.
Consequently, he always tops in all the subjects and
bags first position in my class.
Use Words like: Because, Results, Led to, Consequently

6. Compare and Contrast
This text talks about similarities and differences-
people, place, thing etc.
Both Flu and Covid-19 are diseases caused by a virus.
They attack our lungs and cause us to cough. Unlike the
flu, Covid-19 is more life threatening. There is no vaccine
to cure this disease. This disease has caused lots of
deaths all over the world.
Use Words Like: However, Although, Both, Unlike, Alike

7. Problem and Solution
This text gives an information about a problem and
then explains one or more solutions
Few months back, I always got late to my office and
because of that, my promotion was with-held. This
caused lots of problem for me. So, I tried to solve the
problem. First of all, I set alarm clock half an hour
earlier. Next, instead of an auto, I took the metro.
Finally, I stopped talking with people on the road. Now,
I always get on time and I enjoy my promotion.
Use Proper Transitional Words

8. Text Structures
So, in order to achieves these purposes, the authors
use one of these text structures. And these text
structures are:
 Description
 Sequence/ Process/ Instruction
 Cause and Effect
 Compare and Contrast
 Problem and Solution