“Oh GOSH! Reflecting on Hackteria's Collaborative Practices in a Global Do-It...
11 hazardrecognition
1. Hazard Identification and Control
Courtesy of the
Public Education and Conferences Section
Oregon Occupational Safety and Health
Division (OR-OSHA)
2. IDENTIFYING HAZARDS
It takes a hazard and someone
exposed to the hazard to
produce an accident.
Hazard + Exposure AccidentHazard + Exposure Accident
3. What is “Exposure?”
• How close are you to the "danger zone"?
• Physical exposure - generally arm’s length
• Environmental exposure - could be everyone in facility.
4. • They are specific: if you can point to a person or a thing, it's
a surface symptom
• They may exist or be performed by anyone, anytime,
anywhere
• They may directly cause or contribute to an incident or
accident
• They likely represent the outputs of a flawed safety
management system
• They are important clues revealing root causes
Conditions and behaviors are just
the symptoms
5. • Conditions account for _____ % of all
workplace accidents.
• Behaviors account for _____ % of all
workplace accidents.
• Uncontrollable acts account for ____ %
of all workplace accidents.
3
95
2
Conclusion: Management has some degree of
control over 98% of the causes for all accidents in
the workplace!
6. The underlying root causes must be
diagnosed and treated!
System Design Defects - Missing or inadequate program
development
• One or more inadequate policies, plans, programs, processes,
procedures, practices
• Inadequate resources - money, time, people, materials, etc.
• Assures inadequate implementation of the safety management
system
• Have the greatest positive or negative impact on the safety
management system
7. System Performance Defects - Failure to accomplish
action plans
• Managers, supervisors, or employees fail to effectively carry
out safety policies, plans, processes, procedures or
management practices
• They produce common hazardous conditions and/or unsafe
behaviors, or
• They produce repeated unique hazardous conditions and/or
unsafe behaviors
8. How to develop an effective safety and health
checklist.
• Determine applicable state safety & health rules for the
workplace.
• Review rules and use those you feel apply to your
workplace.
• Develop applicable checklist questions that are not
addressed in the rules.
Inspections1
Four Important Processes to
Identify and Analyze Hazards
9. Who's involved in the inspection process?
What is a major weakness inherent in the
inspection process?
What process(es) can we use to overcome this
weakness?
10. Observations, informal and formal, are quite
important in daily workplace safety.
• Employees and managers can spot
hazardous conditions and unsafe or
inappropriate behaviors while they conduct
their other tasks.
Observation2
11. The Job Hazard Analysis
The process...
• Break a job or task into specific steps.
• Analyze each step for specific hazardous
conditions and unsafe practices.
• Develop preventive measures in each step to
eliminate or reduce the hazards.
• Integrate preventive measures into training
and standard operating procedures (SOP’s).
3 SAM
PL
E JO
B HAZA
RD ANALY
SIS WORKSHEET
Job Description: ____________________________________________________________
Step
1 Descriptio
n: _________________________________________________________
Hazards
Preventive Measure(s) Required
1. ___________________________
__________________________________________
2. ___________________________
__________________________________________
3. ___________________________
__________________________________________
Step
2 Description: _________________________________________________________
Hazards
Preventive Measure(s) Required
1. ___________________________
__________________________________________
2. ___________________________
__________________________________________
3. ___________________________
__________________________________________
Step
3 Description: _________________________________________________________
Hazards
Preventive Measure(s) Required
1. ___________________________
__________________________________________
2. ___________________________
__________________________________________
3. ___________________________
__________________________________________
Safe Job Procedure
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
__________
________________________________________________________________
__________
SA
MPL
E JO
B HAZA
RD ANALY
SIS WORKSHEET
Job Description: ____________________________________________________________
Step
1 Description: _________________________________________________________
Hazards
Preventive Measure(s) Required
1. ___________________________
__________________________________________
2. ___________________________
__________________________________________
3. ___________________________
__________________________________________
Step
2 Description: _________________________________________________________
Hazards
Preventive Measure(s) Required
1. ___________________________
__________________________________________
2. ___________________________
__________________________________________
3. ___________________________
__________________________________________
Step
3 Description: _________________________________________________________
Hazards
Preventive Measure(s) Required
1. ___________________________
__________________________________________
2. ___________________________
__________________________________________
3. ___________________________
__________________________________________
Safe Job Procedure
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
12. Why is it important to involve the employee
in the JHA process?
13. What is the purpose of the incident/accident
analysis?
15. Fails to inspect
No recognition planInadequate training plan
No accountability policy No inspection policy
No discipline procedures
Outdated hazcom programNo orientation process
U
nguarded
m
achine
Horseplay
Fails to trainTo much work
Defective PPE
Fails to report injury
Inadequate training
Create a hazard
Fails to enforce
Untrained worker
Broken tools
Ignore a hazard
Lack of time
Inadequate labeling
No recognition
Cuts
Burns
Lackofvision
Strains
Nomissionstatement
Chemical spill
Direct Cause of
Injury
Surface
Causes
Root
Causes
Weed out the causes of injuries and accidents
16. Direct Cause of injury- A harmful transfer of energy
that produces injury or illness.
Surface Causes of accident - Specific hazardous
conditions or unsafe behaviors that result in an accident.
Root Causes of the accident - Common behaviors
and conditions that ultimately result in an accident.
17. Probability
• Unlikely to Certain
Severity
• Other than serious -
• Serious physical harm -
• Death -
Analyze to Determine Risk
18. Factors that increase risk
• The number of employees exposed;
• The frequency and duration of exposure;
• The proximity of employees to the point of danger;
• Potential severity of the injury or illness
• Factors that require work under stress;
• Factors that increase severity;
• Lack of proper training and supervision or improper
workplace design; or
• Other factors which may significantly affect the degree of
probability of an accident occurring.
19. What’s the Bottom Line on
Accident costs?
Total Claims: 25,662
Average Cost: $11,678
Fatalities
Average Cost: $300,000
24. DOCUMENT TRAINING!
Sample training certification for specific tasks
• Trainee certification
• Trainer certification
• Supervisor validation
If it isn’t in writing…it didn’t get done…
26. Effective Maintenance Processes
Two equipment maintenance programs
1. Preventive Maintenance to make sure equipment
and machinery runs safely and smoothly.
2. Corrective Maintenance to make sure equipment
gets back into safe service quickly.
How can we make sure corrective maintenance is
completed quickly?
27. What’s the Bottom Line on
Accident costs?
Total Claims: 25,662
Average Cost: $11,678
Fatalities
Average Cost: $300,000
Total Claims: 25,662
Average Cost: $11,678
Fatalities
Average Cost: $300,000