This document discusses hazard risk and vulnerability. It defines hazard, types of hazards, and classifications of hazards. Natural and human-induced hazards are discussed. Vulnerability is defined as conditions determined by physical, social, economic and environmental factors that increase susceptibility to hazards. Vulnerability assessment aims to identify who and what is vulnerable. Risk is the probability of losses from hazard and vulnerability interactions. Risk is reduced by decreasing vulnerability and increasing capacity. Hazard, vulnerability and risk analysis is used to assess risks and inform emergency preparedness and response.

1. HAZARD RISK AND
VULNERABILITY

2. CONTENTS
➔ HAZARD
➔ TYPES OF HAZARDS
➔ CLASSIFICATION OF HAZARD
➔ HAZARD ASSESSMENT
➔ VULNERABILITY
➔ VULNERABILITY TYPES
➔ VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
➔ RISK
➔ RISK TRIANGLE
➔ RISK ASSESSMENT
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3. CONTENTS
➔ CAPACITY
➔ CAPACITY ASSESSMENT
➔ HAZARD, VULNERABILITY AND RISK ANALYSIS
➔ CONCLUSION
➔ REFERENCES
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4. HAZARD
According to the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) hazard is a
potentially damaging physical event, phenomenon or human activity that may cause the
loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or
environmental degradation.
According to UNDRR, it is a dangerous phenomenon, human activity or condition that
may cause social, economic and environmental damage.
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5. ★ Natural
★ Human induced
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TYPES OF HAZARDS

6. Classification of hazards
High powered committee constituted in 1999 under the chairmanship of Shri J.C. Pant identified five
major groups of hazards:
★ Water and climate related hazards
★ Geologically related hazards
★ Chemical, Industrial and Nuclear Hazards
★ Accident related Hazards
★ Biologically related hazards
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7. HAZARD ASSESSMENT
★ Hazard Analysis refers to prioritising disasters based on its frequency and analysis
of the estimated losses.
★ Tools for hazard analyses:
➔ Hazard mapping
➔ Historical profile or timeline.
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8. VULNERABILITY
★ The conditions determined by physical, social, economic and environmental
factors or processes which increase the susceptibility of an individual, a
community, assets or systems to the impact of hazards ( UNDRR, n.d)
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9. VULNERABILITY TYPES
★ Physical vulnerability
★ Economic vulnerability
★ Social vulnerability
★ Environmental vulnerability
★ Psychological vulnerability
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10. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT
The process of vulnerability assessment would involve
asking the community two major questions namely;
1) Who is vulnerable?
2) What is vulnerable?
Tools for Vulnerability assessment
★ Transect Walk
★ Problem Tree
★ Livelihood Analysis
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VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT

11. RISK
★ Risk is defined by ISDR as “the probability of harmful consequences, or expected
losses (deaths, property, livelihoods, economic activity disrupted, injuries,
environmental damage) resulting from interactions between natural or human
induced hazards and vulnerable conditions”.
★ To reduce the risk of a disaster
➔ Decrease in the vulnerability and
➔ Increase the capacity 11

12. THE RISK TRIANGLE
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★ If one side increases, the amount of
risk also increases.
THE RISK TRIANGLE

13. RISK ASSESSMENT
★ It determines the extent and nature of risk by analyzing potential hazards and
evaluating existing conditions of vulnerability.
★ Tools for risk assessment: Risk analysis.
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HAZARD X VULNERABILITY X
EXPOSURE = RISK - CAPACITY =
DISASTER

15. CAPACITY
★ According to UNDRR, capacity is the combination of all strengths, attributes and
resources available within an organization, community or society to manage and
reduce disaster risks and strengthen resilience.
★ Examples: Adequate food and income sources, developed health infrastructures,
family and community support, good leadership etc.
★ Capacity = 1/vulnerability.
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16. CAPACITY ASSESSMENT
★ Capacity Assessment focuses on identifying locally available assets and resources
that can be utilized for building the capacities of the community during and after
disasters.
★ Apart from infrastructure and funds, it could be individuals with specific skills,
local institutions and people’s knowledge as all these have the capacity to create
awareness and bring about changes in the community
★ Thus assessment of resources would involve two components:
1) Human Resource Assessment
2) Material Resource Assessment
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17. ★ The purpose of HRVA is to help the communities make risk based choices to address vulnerabilities,
mitigate hazards and prepare for response to and recovery from a range of hazard events.
★ A completed HRVA will provide an assessment of the risks that may exist within a community.
★ It is a foundation document for community emergency programs.
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HAZARD, RISK AND VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS

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REFERENCES
Bansal, J. (2015). Disaster management in libraries: an overview. Gyankosh, 6(1), 9.
NAHAR, E., & KUMAR, M. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS IN INDIA: A STUDY IN GANDHIAN PERSPECTIVE.
Hazard Risk and Vulnerability Analysis (HRVA) | RDN. (n.d.). https://www.rdn.bc.ca/hazard-vulnerability-risk-analysis
Hazard. (n.d.). UNDRR. https://www.undrr.org/terminology/hazard
International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR). (n.d.). https://www.eird.org/eng/revista/No15_99/pagina2.htm

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