Pneumatic and hydraulic conveyors

2. PRESENTERS
 Arsal hashmi 021
 Bahzad raza o18
 Zeeshan sami o20
 Mansoor ghaffar o23

3. Learning objects
 The purpose of this topic is to provide a basic
introduction to the hydraulics and pneumatics
conveyor.
 So by the end of the presentation you
will be able to identify and describe them.

4. Conveyor
A conveyor system is a common piece of
mechanical handling equipment that moves
materials from one location to
another. Conveyors are especially useful in
applications involving the transportation of heavy
or bulky materials.
 They can be divided into two: classes those that
are part of machines for processing, and those
that move product in various stages of
fabrication.

5. Pneumatic conveyor:
 A Conveyor which transports dry, free
flowing, granular material in suspension, or
cylindrical carrier with in a pipe, or duct by
means of Air stream or pressure of vacuum
generated by an air compressor. it is also
called air conveyor.
 It depends on the high velocity air stream to
move material in about the same manner as
the wind.

6.  Pneumatic conveying systems are used for the
transportation of bulk materials and granulates in
pipelines. The transportation via over pressure and
under pressure is an indispensable technology in the
field of bulk material handling in order to transport
bulk materials from A to B.
 The maximum conveying pressure is 2.5 bar over
pressure and 0.6 bar under pressure. The product is
feed into the system by airlocks, injectors, screw
pumps or pressure vessel. The physical properties of
the product as well as conveying capacity and function
influence the design of the plant.

7. Working principle:
Every pneumatic would make the use of pipe lines or
ducts called transportation lines that carry mixture of
materials and a stream air. These materials are mostly
dry such as cement.
These materials can be transported conveniently to
various destinations b means of stream for high
velocity Air through pipe lines. Products are moved
through various tubes via Air pressure allowing for
external vertical versatility.

9. Types of pneumatic systems:
Three types of pneumatic systems are as
follows:
1.Suction or vacuum systems
2.Pressure type systems
3.combination systems
All these are used to generate high velocity
air stream.

10. Classified by operating principle:
1. Dilute phase conveyor:
A. Dilute phase pressure conveyor
B. Dilute phase vacuum conveyor
2. Dense phase conveyor:
A. Dense phase pressure conveyor
B. Dense phase vacuum conveyor

11. Pneumatic conveyor systems
 Dilute phase conveyor
 particles: suspended in conveying gas
 transport: pressure decreases volume increase
 Dense phase conveyor
 particles: not suspended in conveying gas
 transport: pressure increases volume decreases

12. Types of material conveyed
 Cement
 Clay
 Coke
 Salt
 Plaster

14. Advantages:
 Gives more flexibility than mechanical conveyors.
 Occupy less space
 Totally enclosed
 Low maintenance

15. Disadvantages:
 High power requirements.
 Large dust collection.
 Can’t be used for
large particles
high bulk density material
sticky material

16. Hydraulic conveyor
 A type of conveyor in which water jets form the conveying
medium for bulk materials through pipes or troughs.
(OR)
 A system for handling material, such as ash from a coal-
fired furnace; refuse is flushed from a hopper or slag tank
to a grinder which discharges to a pump for conveying to
a disposal or dewatering bin.

17. Hydraulic conveyor
The term hydraulics refers to the power produced in
moving liquids.
 Hydraulic power in the form of water wheels and
other simple devices has been in use for centuries, but
it was not until the 17th century that the principles of
hydraulics were formulated into scientific laws.
 Modern hydraulics systems are defined as:
 The use of confined liquids to transmit power,
multiply force produce motion efficiently.

18.  Hydraulic conveying is becoming more and more
important as pneumatic conveying technologies
(dense or dilute phase conveying) are reaching their
physical and economical limits for long conveying
distances, high capacities and particularly stringent
requirements to product purity.
 Hydraulic conveying, which had been used in the past
for the transport of coal, is now experiencing a
comeback in the petrochemical industry. This is
mostly due to the constantly increasing conveying
capacities and requirements to product quality, thus a
minimum product abrasion during conveying