In this slide there have mentioned the concept of transport...and all the mode of transport system ...

1. SUBMITTED BY:SUMAN DAS
REG. NO-
ROLL NO:
4TH SEMESTER
COOCHBEHAR COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY

2. TRANSPORTATION

3. Meaning:
“The process of moving an item from point A
to point B.”
Definition:
“Safe, efficient, reliable, and sustainable
movement of persons and goods over time and
space”

4. Mode of Transport:
The mode of transport describes the type
of transport used.
There are basically five different options:
A. Rail
B. Road
C. Air
D. Water
E. Pipeline

5. Rail:
 Most commonly used for
heavy and bulky loads
over long land journeys.
 They are almost invariably
public carriers rather than
private carriers.
 The rail service is not
nationalized, it is allowed a
monopoly.

6. Advantage of Rail:
 Rail is that once the infrastructure is in
place, it has very high capacity and low
unit costs.
 Railway is the safest form of transport
 Railways perform many public utility
services.
 Unit transport cost is low.
Disadvantage of Rail:
 Its inflexibility
 Trains can only travel along specified
routes between fixed terminals, and
cannot stop at intermediary points.
 Obvious limitation of only being used
on land.
 Rail transport cannot provide door to
door service.

7.  Road:
 The most widely used mode of
transport and is used at least
somewhere in almost all supply
chains.
 Road transport can normally carry
loads up to, say, 20–30 tones.
 Advantage of Road:
 Main benefit is flexibility, being able
to visit almost any location.
 Travel speed can be an important
consideration.
 Use extensive road networks
 Large number of carriers working in
the same areas.
 Easy to monitor location of goods.

8. Disadvantage of
Road:
 These become relatively
expensive, so road transport
is generally used for shorter
distances.
 Used for delivering finished
goods than bulky raw
materials
 Lorries are particularly
vulnerable to congestion and
traffic delays.
 Obvious limitation of only
being used on land.

9. Different types of road vehicle Delivery vans:
Flat-bed lorries:
Box-bodied lorries:
Articulated lorries:

10. Water:
 Most supply chains use shipping to cross the oceans,
over 90% of world trade is moved by sea (UK, Australia,
USA..)
Advantage of Water:
 Ideal for transporting heavy and bulky goods
 Suitable for products with long lead times
 Cheapest traffic means
 Requires cheap motor powers than for airplanes
Disadvantage of Water:
 Longer lead/delivery times and slow Difficult to monitor
exact location of goods in transit
 Its inflexibility in being limited to appropriate ports
 Transfers to ships take time.

11. Different types of vessel:
General cargo ships:
Bulk carriers:
Tankers:

12. Air:
Passengers account for most airline business, with eight billion
passenger kilometers flown a year in the UK.
Advantage of Air:
Main advantage is speed of delivery
Useful for Cargo companies For ex;
Yurtici ,UPS, Aras etc..
Disadvantage of Air:
Transfers to plane take time in the airport.
It is costly transport.
Competition can also be fierce.
Weight limits is prevent carrying amount of
materials

13. Pipeline:
 The main uses of pipelines are
oil and gas together with the
utilities of water and sewage.
 They can also be used for a few
other types of product such as
pulverized coal in oil.
Advantage of Pipeline:
 Moving large quantities over
long distances.
 Cheapest way of moving
liquids For ex; oil and gas.
 Local networks can add
flexibility by delivering to a
wide range of locations

14. Disadvantage of Pipeline:
Being slow.
Inflexible.
Only carrying large volumes of certain types of
fluid.
Huge initial investment of building dedicated
pipelines.

15. THANK YOU