Aids - Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is a disease which is caused by the virus HIV i.e human immuno deficiency virus. It can be transmitted by sharing infected needles , sexual contact etc. now a days its awareness and knowledge among the youth is very known due to media , newspapers and may health organisations .

1. ST. THOMAS COLLEGE
RUABANDHA
2016-17
TOPIC - AIDS -
AWARENESS
BY: V.SUKIRTI
M.Sc. Ist semester
(Biotechnology)

2. AIDS
AWARENESS

3. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• HISTORY
• CAUSES OF HIV
• HIV CAN BE TRANSMITTED THROUGH
• COMMON MYTHS ABOUT HIV
• SYMPTOMS
• DIAGNOSIS
• TREATMENT
• PREVENTION
• STEPS TAKEN

4. INTRODUCTION
• AIDS – Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
ACQUIRED - not a congenital disease
IMMUNO - indicating immunity
DEFICIENCY - a lack or insufficiency
SYNDROME – group of symptoms
• A disease - severe loss of the body’s cellular
immunity , lowering the resistance to infection.
• Caused by HIV (Human Immuno Deficiency
Virus) - a member of group of virus called retro
virus having an envelope enclosing the RNA
genome.

5. HISTORY
• 1st clinically observed in 1981 in United
States.
• HIV 1 and HIV 2 originated in non
human primates in West Central Africa
and were transferred to human in 20th
century.
• HIV 1 SOURCE – Chimpanzee
• HIV 2 SOURCE - Sooty Mangabey

6. CAUSES OF HIV/AIDS
• HIV is a retrovirus that infects the vital organs of
the human immune system.
• The virus progresses in the absence of
antiretroviral therapy.
• The rate of virus progression varies widely
between individuals and depends on many
factors :-
age of the patient
body's ability to defend against HIV
resistance to certain strains of HIV.

7. HIV CAN BE TRANSMITTED
THROUGH
• Sexual contact with infected person.
• By transfusion of contaminated blood
and blood products.
• By sharing infected needles as in case
of intravenous drug abusers.
• From infected mother to her child
through placenta.
• Multiple sex partners.

8. COMMON MYTHS ABOUT
HIV/AIDS
• shaking hands
• hugging
• casual kissing
• sneezing
• touching unbroken skin
• using the same toilet
• sharing towels
• sharing cutlery
• or other forms of "casual contact"

9. SYMPTOMS
Symptoms of early HIV infection Symptoms of late-stage HIV infection
• Fever
• chills
• joint pain
• muscle ache
• Sore throat
• sweats
• enlarged glands
• a red rash
• tiredness
• weakness
• weight loss
• A blurred vision
• diarrhea
• dry cough
• fever of above 37 C
• night sweats
• permanent tiredness
• shortness of breath
• swollen glands
• Vigorous weight loss
• white spots on the tongue or
mouth

10. DIAGNOSIS
• Test for AIDS –ELISA (enzyme
linked immuno sorbent assay)
• THROUGH BLOOD TEST
• ULTRA-SENSITIVE HIV SENSOR

11. TREATMENT
“PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE”.
• AIDS Medications:
• Although there is no cure for acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), medications
have been highly effective in fighting HIV and its
complications.
• Drug treatments help reduce the HIV virus in your
body, keep your immune system as healthy as
possible.
• Antiretroviral drugs.

12. PREVENTION
• Avoid sharing of used needles – use of disposable
needles.
• Protected sex- Having sex by using a condom .
• Body fluid exposure- health care workers should use
barriers (gloves, masks, protective eyewear, shields, and
gowns).
• Pregnancy- Anti-HIV medicines can harm the unborn
child. An effective treatment plan can prevent HIV
transmission from mother to baby.
• Education- Health education is an important factor in
reducing risky behavior.

13. STEPS TAKEN
• In our country NACO (National AIDS Control
Organization & NGOs (Non- govt. Organizations)
are doing lot to educate people.
• WHO – no. of programs conducted to prevent
AIDS.
• Making blood from blood banks safe from HIV.
• Use of only disposable needles and syringes.
• Free distribution of condoms.
• Controlling drug abuse.
• Regular check ups for HIV.
• Advocating safe sex.

15. THANK
YOU!!!!!