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BERCEM YURDAKUL
2020
INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT SYDNEY
Event Operations and Quality Management
Application of Operations Theory to event
Project Management Theory & Logistic Management Theory
applied to One Love Festival, Istanbul

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Table of Contents
1. Project Management Theory...................................................................................3
1.1. Introduction to Project Management Theory ....................................................3
1.2. Application to Event Management....................................................................4
2. Logistics Theory ......................................................................................................5
2.1. Introduction to Logistics Theory........................................................................5
2.2. Application to Event Logistics...........................................................................5
3. Conclusion ..............................................................................................................6
4. References..............................................................................................................8

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1. Project Management Theory
1.1. Introduction to Project Management Theory
Project Management is the planning, reporting and control of project activities to
achieve project goals. While these activities are carried out, performance, cost, time
limits and project size should be kept within acceptable limits (Atkinson, 1999, p.
338).
According to PMBOK (Project Management Body of Knowledge), the official
publication of PMI (Project Management Institute), one of the largest non-profit
organisations in the world, Project Management Processes (Processes) are
collected in the following 5 items (Malsam, 2018, para. 4);
• Initiating
• Planning
• Executing
• Monitoring and Controlling
• Closing (Malsam, 2018, para. 4)
There are 9 knowledge Areas defined in PMBOK;
• Integration
• Scope
• Time
• Cost
• Quality
• Human Resources
• Communications
• Risk Management
• Procurement (Westland, 2019, para. 2-5)
Among these areas, cost, scope and time constitute the three main objectives in a
project. The reason is that there is a risk that a project will not occur because it is
late or exceeds the budget. There are number of tools and software to solve these
issues (Caccamese & Bragantini, 2012, para 8-17). For instance, Gantt Charts and
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) can be valuable for time management, while
prioritising the tasks and considering and handling stakeholder expectations with a
dashboard is important for scope management (Atkinson, 1999, p. 338-339). Cost

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management is the most complex one in the triangle and it should involve a strong
strategic and analytical approach (Atkinson, 1999, p. 338-339).
1.2. Application to Event Management
The projects are timed based, unique and have due dates with the possibility of
unforeseen risks. Changes through its dynamic system is a strong possibility and
there are costs to manage throughout the whole process (Pielichaty et al., 2016, p.
3-5).
From this perspective, the characteristics of project management adapted to event
management can be defined as below with the examples of One Love Festival,
Istanbul:
• An event is organised by people, so it’s complex and dynamic
• Each event has a particular aim and purpose: One Love Festival focuses on
international and local bands and artists.
• Events are temporary as they have start and finish dates when all objectives
are achieved: One Love is a one-day festival and the venue is hired until the
finish date.
• Each event has a unique space and resources: One Love Festival takes place
every year in ParkOrman Istanbul, the equipment used for the event is
designed according to the site.
• An event must be adaptable to emerging situations: There are 14K people
attends to One Love Festival every year and that is the capacity of the venue.
Tickets are calculated according to this number but if it was a public event
there would be more than expected number of people.
On the other hand, according to O’Toole (2000, p. 89-90), there are some
differences in importance levels between some sectors’ project management and
event management. The events are highly time dependent due to the delivery dates.
However, an information technology project can stretch out over time and take years
to finalise.
The priority of time means that some changes can be made in the cost and content if
the delivery date will be delayed. However, an engineering project is highly
dependent on various financial investments (O’Toole, 2000, p. 90).

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Another major difference can be the fact that events use volunteers for various
operations, and this saves time and cost which will make a positive impact to quality,
but sectors as IT need skilled workers for specific projects (O’Toole, 2000, p. 90).
2. Logistics Theory
2.1. Introduction to Logistics Theory
According to Li (2014, para 2), logistics is the service of effectively and efficiently
planning, implementing, transporting, storing and controlling the movement of all
kinds of products, services and information flow in the supply chain from the starting
point to the end point of consumption in order to meet the needs of customers.
Logistics is the whole of activities, including storage, that are carried out in the
supply chain. It includes functions that providing added value to the product or
services and processes that need to be interrelated, coordinated (Turk & Bekmezci,
2020, p. 54).
Managed products and services; may include physical items such as food, materials,
equipment, and intangible items such as time, information and energy. Physical
products’ logistics usually involves the combination of information flow, production,
material, handling, packaging, transportation, and security (Li, 2014, para 3).
2.2. Application to Event Logistics
Event logistics is a type of logistics that requires a good planning and coordination
from the very beginning as it is time-based and it should not be risked due to
possible failures and errors, and high alternative costs (Haugen, 2011, p. 24). Event
logistics, including site, communications, covers things to do to manage all
operations of an event (Haugen, 2011, p. 24). Unlike traditional logistics, event
logistics are cannot be noticeable by the audience. It can be broken down into

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different parts of the event process such as on the day logistics and site plan (Allen
et al., 2011, 452).
According to Allen et al. (2011, p. 453), the areas below are some of the most vital
parts of an event’s logistics. These elements are examined on One Love Festival.
Supply of customers: Customers’ expectations including parking, transportation or
accommodation and ticket distribution (Allen et al., 2011, p. 455-456). One Love
Festival doesn’t provide parking for the audience but as there are two different
venues for the event, the event provides shuttles from the first venue to the second.
Ticket distribution for the festival is done by Biletix which is the most reliable
distribution company in Turkey.
On-Site Logistics: There are various services that an event may provide and these
need to be added to logistics plan (Allen et al., 2011, p. 461). For instance, One Love
Festival has international bands and DJ’s who are coming from overseas. The
logistic plan includes their transportation from and to the airport, hotel and the event
site. The equipment that the artists use is also a logistics priority for a festival. It also
includes the communication between the event team and supply of signage (Allen et
al., 2011, p. 465).
Facilities and consumables: As One Love Festival is an outdoor event; all
consumables need to be stored. Mobile toilets, generators, power and all equipment
need to be included in the plan. Food stalls and their transportation, electricity and
has are also logistics manager’s duty (Allen et al., 2011, p. 470).
3. Conclusion
In contrast to general logistics theory, the delivery of the product to the buyer takes
place in the opposite way in events. The purpose of the event is to bring the buyers
to the event and to deliver the necessary products to the place where the event will
take place (Allen et al., 2011, p. 453).
Every event is a project and project management has its characteristics that can be
implemented to event management. Besides, Gantt Chart and Work Breakdown
Structure techniques can be used by events.

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On the other hand, event management is a planning and control systematic
approach and its complexity requires some standardisation. Project management
can supply cost, time and scope areas to events, however event management can
be a solution to many issues faced on these areas with its modern perspective.
While planning an event as project and logistics, implementation and control of an
event, attention to details is crucial for the success. Events, by its nature, are open to
possible changes and risks. These changes should be quickly integrated into the
overall plans.

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4. References
Allen, J., O’Toole, W., Harris, R., McDonnell, I. (2011). Festival & Special
Event Management. (5th ed.). Milton, QLD: John Wiley & Sons.
Atkinson, R. (1999). Project management: cost, time and quality, two best
guesses and a phenomenon, its time to accept other success criteria.
International Journal of Project Management, 17(6), 337-342.
Retrieved from
https://www.academia.edu/1844767/Project_management_cost_time_
and_quality_two_best_guesses_and_a_phenomenon_its_time_to_acc
ept_other_success_criteria
Caccamese, A. & Bragantini, D. (2012, May 9). Beyond the iron triangle: year
zero. [Paper presentation]. PMI® Global Congress 2012 EMEA,
Marsailles, France. https://www.pmi.org/learning/library/beyond-iron-
triangle-year-zero-6381
Haugen, K. (2011). Event Logistics. Retrieved from
https://www.academia.edu/1845203/Event_Logistics
Li, X. (2014). Operations Management of Logistics and Supply Chain: Issues
and Directions. Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/701938
Malsam, W. (2018, March 14). Project Management Processes & Phases.
[Blog post]. Retrieved from
https://www.projectmanager.com/blog/project-management-processes-
phases#:~:text=In%20project%20management%20there%20are,projec
t%20management%20tools%20come%20in
Pielichaty H., Els, G., Reed, I., Mawer, V. (2016). Events Project
Management. Retrieved from

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https://www.google.com.au/books/edition/Events_Project_Management
/n0AlDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0
O’Toole, W. (2000). Towards the Integration of Event Management Best
Practice by the Project Management Process. In Allen, J., Harris, R.,
Jago, L. K., Veal, A. J. (Ed.), Proceedings Of Conference On Event
Evaluation, Research And Education Sydney July 2000. Australian
Centre for Event Management. Retrieved from
https://www.academia.edu/25320832/EVENTS_BEYOND_2000_SETT
ING_THE_AGENDA_PROCEEDINGS_OF_CONFERENCE_ON_EVE
NT_EVALUATION_RESEARCH_AND_EDUCATION_SYDNEY_JULY
_2000
Turk, A., Bekmezci, M. (2020). Lojistik Sektöründe Sistem Yaklaşımı ve Süreç
Kalitesinin Performansa Etkisi. Omer Halisdemir University Economics
and Administrative Sciences Journal, 13(1), 52-60. Retrieved from
https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ohuiibf/article/588834
Westland, J. (2019, November 27). The 10 Project Management Knowledge
Areas (PMBOK). Blog post]. Retrieved from
https://www.projectmanager.com/blog/10-project-management-
knowledge-areas