.

1. Buddhism
INT-244 Topic 5

2. Demographics

3. Demographics
• 533 million Buddhists worldwide
• 6.83% of the world’s population
• 228 million in China
• 71 million in Japan
• 4.3 million United States
• 8% of Hawaiians identify as Buddhist
worldreligiondatabase.org (2020)
https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/religious-landscape-study/religious-tradition/buddhist/

4. Pew Research (2012)
America is 2nd Largest Community
United States
4,300,257

5. 100%
50%
0%
44%
33%
12%
11%
White Asian Latino Black & Mixed
Racial & Ethnic Composition of American Buddhists
https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/religious-landscape-study/religious-tradition/buddhist/

6. 100%
50%
0%
44%
33%
12%
11%
Non-Asian Asian
Most American Buddhists are Non-Asian
https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/religious-landscape-study/religious-tradition/buddhist/
67%

7. 100%
50%
0%
52%
22%
26%
3rd Gen + 2nd Gen Immigrants
Immigrant Status of American Buddhists
https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/religious-landscape-study/religious-tradition/buddhist/

8. 100%
50%
0%
52%
22%
26%
American Born Immigrants
Most American Buddhists Were Born in US
https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/religious-landscape-study/religious-tradition/buddhist/
78%

9. Buddhism is an American Religion

10. History

11. Life of Buddha

12. Lumbini, Nepal

13. Siddhartha
Gautama
563 - 483 BC
Lumbini, Nepal
Mark, J. (2020). Buddhism. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/buddhism/

14. Siddhartha
Gautama
Father was King Suddhodana
Mother was Maya
Kshatriya (Ruling) Caste
Reigned over Northern India
Mark, J. (2020). Buddhism. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/buddhism/

15. Siddhartha
Gautama
Father wanted son to be next king
Old man prophesied
Siddhartha would be a religious monk
Mark, J. (2020). Buddhism. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/buddhism/

16. Siddhartha
Gautama
Father kept Siddhartha in the palace
and guarded him from any outside
in
fl
uence
Mark, J. (2020). Buddhism. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/buddhism/

17. Left palace and saw
1. Old man
2. Sick man
3. Dead man
4. Poor man (religious beggar)

18. Left palace and saw
All things change
All things grow old & die

19. Became a monk
Tried to live an monastic life
Gathered disciples
But was unsatis
fi
ed

20. Meditated 49 days
At age 35
Meditated under a
fi
g tree (Bodi Tree)
Experienced Awakening (Enlightenment)

21. Enlightenment
Buddha — The Enlightened One
Found the path to Moksha (release)
From Samsara (cycle of reincarnation)
Achieve Nirvana

22. Bodh Gaya (Bihar, India)

23. Mahabodhi Temple
In Bodh Gaya, India

24. बो
धि
Bodhi
(Sanskrit) Enlightened, or illuminated
intellect. Attained perfect knowledge or
wisdom.
https://www.learnsanskrit.cc/translate

25. बो
धि
Bodhi
Arriving at the state of awakening so that
one achieves moksha (release) from
samsara (cycle of birth/death) and reach
nirvana
https://www.learnsanskrit.cc/translate

26. Bodhi
Enlightenment
Escape Samsara
Achieve Moksha

27. What is path to Enlightenment?
• Middle Path
• Freedom from Desire
• Freedom from Attachment

28. From desire comes grief, from grief comes fear
One who is freed from desire knows no grief or fear
Freedom from attachment brings enlightenment
Dhammapada XVI.212-213 cited in Mark, Buddhism, 2020

29. The Sangha
Buddha’s
fi
rst disciples
1. Kaundinya
2. Bhadrika
3. Vashpa
4. Mahanaman
5. Ashvajit
Robert E. Buswell Jr., Donald S. Lopez Jr., The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism (Princeton: 2014), s.v. pañcavargika

30. The Sangha
Buddha’s
fi
rst disciples
Preached his
fi
rst sermon
Robert E. Buswell Jr., Donald S. Lopez Jr., The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism (Princeton: 2014), s.v. pañcavargika

31. Buddha’s Death
Died at age 80, in 483 BC (?)
Kushinagar, India

32. Kushinagar, India

33. Spread of Buddhism

34. First Council
400 BC
Core teachings decided
Monastic Discipline established

35. Second Council
383 BC
Which monastic rules to follow
Great Schism
Mark, 2020

36. Great Schism
1. Theravada Buddhism (Elders)
2. Mahayana Buddhism (Great Vehicle)
3. Vajrayana Buddhism (Way of Diamond)
Mark, 2020

37. Sect of Hinduism
483 - 260 BC
Buddha an Avatar
Mark, 2020

38. Ashoka the Great
268 - 232 AD
Buddhism national religion

39. Ashoka the Great
Built the Great Stupa
Containing relics
Some of Buddha’s Remains

40. Great Stupa, in Madhya Pradsesh State, India

41. The Great Stupa

42. https://www.worldhistory.org/article/
492/a-short-history-of-the-buddhist-schools/

43. Schools of Buddhism
Mahayana — The Great Vehicle
China, Korea, Japan
Theravada — The Elders
Burma, Thailand, Vietnam
Vajrayana — Way of the Diamond
Tibetan

44. Beliefs

45. Foundational Principles

46. Three Universal Truths
1. Annica - Impermanence
2. Dukka - Suffering
3. Anatta - The Non-Self

47. Three Universal Truths
1. Impermanence - Nothing lasts forever
2. Suffering - Impermanence causes suffering
3. Non-Self - We are a bundle of perceptions

48. Four Noble Truths
1. Dukka - All life is suffering
2. Tanha - Cause of suffering is desire (attachment)
3. Nirodha - End of suffering by releasing desire
4. Magga - Eightfold path leads to release from desire

49. Eightfold Path

50. Eightfold Path
Dharma Wheel
Effort

51. Right View
An accurate understanding of the
nature of things (including the Four
Noble Truths)
Lopez, D. S. (2021, February 5). Eightfold Path. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Eightfold-Path

52. Right Intention
Avoiding thoughts of attachment,
hatred, and harmful intent
Lopez, D. S. (2021, February 5). Eightfold Path. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Eightfold-Path

53. Right Speech
Refraining from verbal misdeeds such
as lying divisive speech, harsh speech,
and senseless speech.
Lopez, D. S. (2021, February 5). Eightfold Path. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Eightfold-Path

54. Right Action
refraining from physical misdeeds such
as killing, stealing, and sexual
misconduct
Lopez, D. S. (2021, February 5). Eightfold Path. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Eightfold-Path

55. Right Livelihood
avoiding trades that directly or
indirectly harm others, such as selling
slaves, weapons, animals for slaughter,
intoxicants, or poisons
Lopez, D. S. (2021, February 5). Eightfold Path. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Eightfold-Path

56. Right Effort
abandoning negative states of mind
that have already arisen, preventing
negative states that have yet to arise,
and sustaining positive states that have
already arisen,
Lopez, D. S. (2021, February 5). Eightfold Path. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Eightfold-Path

57. Right Mindfulness
awareness of body, feelings, thought,
and phenomena (the constituents of
the existing world)
Lopez, D. S. (2021, February 5). Eightfold Path. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Eightfold-Path

58. Right Concentration
Single mindedness
Lopez, D. S. (2021, February 5). Eightfold Path. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Eightfold-Path