This is a presentation on Bio-Technology and is quite easy to grasp, even to the common man with/without a basic background in learning science

1. - Group 4
BIOTECHNOLOGY

2. CONTENTS OF THIS PRESENTATION
Here’s all about what we are going to discuss on:
1. What is Biotechnology?
2. History of Biotechnology
3. Prominent Biotechnicians of the World
4. Popular Biotech Organizations and Institutions
5. Well Established Experiments in the Field of Biotech
6. Types of Biotechnology
7. Uses and Applications of Biotechnology

3. WHAT IS
BIOTECH?
Let’s define it...
01

4. ★ Biotechnology is a technology that utilizes biological
systems, living organisms or parts of this to develop or
create different products.
★ Hungarian engineer Károly Ereky first coined the term
'biotechnology' in 1919, ideally meaning the production of
products from raw materials with the aid of living
organisms. This was done to describe a technology based
on converting raw materials into a more useful product.
WHAT IS BIOTECHNOLOGY?

5. 02
BIOTECH
HISTORY

6. ★ The 18th century period in history is referred to as
the phase of “Classical Biotechnology“. During this
period various observations and scientific
evidences started coming in. This phase in history
extended up to the mid-20th century.
★ In 1919, Scientist Karl Ereky have foreseen a time
when biology could be used for turning raw
materials into useful products. He later coined the
term biotechnology to describe that integration of
biology with technology.

7. ★ 1921 - Alexander Fleming defined new horizons for
modern antibiotics with his discoveries of enzyme -
lysozyme.
★ 1928 - Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, an
antibiotic substance.
★ 1977 - The process of sequencing was first done by
scientist Frederick Sanger and the first ever organism to
have its genome sequenced is a bacteriophage.
★ 1983 - Kary Mullis invented the ‘Polymerase Chain
Reaction’. This technique is used to amplify a single
copy of a segment of a DNA hence making millions of
copies in just a short time.

8. ★ 1996 - An international research effort called the Human
Genome Project (HGP) was underway. The goal of this
project was to sequence and map the genome of man. It was
completed in 2003 and interestingly, the results showed the
complete genetic blueprint for building a human being. This
could lead science and mankind to make a artificial or
synthetic human being.
★ At present - The endeavor of continuing genetic research and
inventing biotechnology is fueled by the desire and curiosity
to develop medical and technological practices that can
alleviate the suffering associated with humans such as, lack
of medicine, underproduction of food and resources, and
much more. A lot of questions on various biological
phenomena still remain unanswered so quests for newer
heights of biotechnology still continue.

9. PROMINENT
BIOTECHNICIANS
03

10. Shri Mohan Jain
FAMOUS BIOTECHNICIANS
AND BIOENGINEERS
01 Prof. Dr. Shri Mohan Jain is an
Indian-born plant biotechnology
scientist. He worked several years for
the IAEA in Vienna.
02
03 04
Robert Swanson
Robert Swanson was an American
venture capitalist who co founded
the biotechnology giant Genentech
in 1976 with Herbert Boyer.
Linda Avey
Linda Avey is a U.S. biologist and
entrepreneur. She is known for
launching and commercializing the
consumer genetics industry in the
US.
Vicki Sato
Vicki Sato, is a biologist,
immunologist, and biotechnology
executive with decades of
experience in drug research and
development.

11. Dr. Jain's research interests include date, palm, arbequina,
parsnips, bananas and plantains (food crops) etc. to make a
more stable and profitable crop by innovative approaches and
conventional breeding. He has done research on genetically
modified food, mutation breeding, and ornamental plants.
His other significant research areas are potato and ornamental
plants, such as rose, begonia, orchids, African violets, and
brassicas.
01 Shri Mohan Jain

12. In 1976, Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen pioneered the science of recombinant
DNA, or the recombination of genetically engineered DNA molecules; but it was
Swanson who had the idea, proposal and the vision for its future.
Earlier, a year ago to be exact in 1975, a 10-minute meeting with Boyer at a San
Francisco bar turned into a three-hour dive into the potentials of the new
technology, and by the end of the meet, Genentech was born.
Genentech scored many firsts under Swanson's leadership, such as developing
the first drug produced via genetic engineering, being the first biotechnology
company to go public, and being the first biotechnology company to sell its own
drug. These accomplishments have earned Genentech, and Swanson, a place in
the history of the biotechnology industry.
02
Robert Swanson

13. Avey began her scientific career in 1982 at University of California,
Irvine as a staff research associate. In 1985 she moved into various
sales and business development in the fields of biopharmaceutical and
academic research. She coordinated the world's first genome-wide
association studies, and on the Affymetrix translational medicine team
she achieved the goal of identifying genetic markers for diagnostic
tests. She also held positions at prestigious and popular organisations
like - Spotfire, Chemdex, Applied Biosystems, PerSeptive Biosystems,
Molecular Dynamics, and more.
03 Linda Avey

14. Vicki L. Sato is a professor of the practice in the department of molecular
and cell biology. Her most famous research is that on the topic of genetics
of photosynthesis. She is known to have shifted fields from biophysics into
immunology.
After her stint of teaching at prestigious institutions like Harvard, Stanford
UC Berkeley, she became involved with a startup and eventually joined
Biogen Inc. in 1984. She then joined Vertex Pharmaceuticals as the Chief
Scientific Officer before becoming the Senior VP of Research and
Development and ultimately serving as the President of the organization.
During her tenure, the drugs Avonex, Tysabri, and Telaprevir were
developed.
04 Vicki Sato

15. PREVALENT
INSTITUTIONS AND
ORGANIZATIONS IN
THE FIELD OF
BIOTECHNOLOGY
04

16. POPULAR BIOTECH ORGANIZATIONS
AND INSTITUTIONS
Biotechcellence
Chennai, India
Panacea Biotec
Delhi, India
EuropaBio
Brussels, Belgium
Earlham Institute
Colney, Norfolk,
England
Biocon
Bangalore, India
C - CAMP
Bangalore, India

17. Biotechcellence is a national level technical symposium and aims to highlight the
advancements in Biotechnology in the Medical, Industrial, and Agricultural fields that have
taken place over the years. It serves as a platform for students to exhibit their ideas, opinions
and research ideas. It also provides an opportunity for the participants to interact with
prominent personalities associated with Biotechnology and its related fields.
Panacea Biotec is an Innovation driven Biotechnology company doing Research and
Development, Manufacturing, Sales, Distribution and Marketing of Pharmaceuticals, Vaccines
and Biosimilars. It was set up in the year 1984. Panacea Biotec is one of the largest Vaccine
Manufacturing Company in India and is well acknowledged by the UN Health Agencies in
partnering the Polio eradication initiative with supplies of millions of doses of WHO Polio
vaccine. Panacea Biotec is the first company in to have developed fully liquid Pentavalent
vaccine (DTwP+HepB+Hib) Easy Five in 2005.
EuropaBio ("The European Association for Bioindustries") is Europe's largest and most
influential biotech industry group, whose members include leading large-size healthcare and
industrial biotechnology biotechnology companies. The organisation was initiated in 1996 to
represent the interests of the biotechnology industry at European level.

18. Earlham Institute (formerly The Genome Analysis Centre (TGAC)) is a life science
research institute located at the NRP, Norwich, England. EI's research is focused on
exploring living systems by applying computational science and biotechnology to answer
ambitious biological questions and generate enabling resources.
Biocon is a global biopharmaceutical company which believes that everyone has a right
to affordable quality medicines They have 4 global businesses including generics,
biosimilars, research services and novel biologics. It is the organization's aim to make
medicines more easily accessible for patients across the globe, and are working towards
achieving health equity.
The Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms (C-CAMP) is an initiative of the
Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science, Technology and Earth Sciences, Govt.
of India.
It was established in 2009 with a mandate to enable cutting edge Life Sciences Research
and Innovation. C-CAMP is the country’s most exciting life sciences innovation hub
bringing together academia, industry and the startup ecosystem - all on one platform. It
is also a part of the one of the country’s earliest bio-clusters, the Bangalore Bio-Cluster.

19. EXPERIMENTS IN
BIOTECHNOLOGY
Let us get to know about the 7
prominent experiments in the field of
biotechnology...
05

20. POPULAR
EXPERIMENTS AND
STUDIES OF
BIOTECH
1) Experiment on Culture
Media
2) Experiment on Callus
Tissue Culture
3) Experiment on Tissue
Culture Medium
4) Experiment on Tissue
Culture in Plants
5) Experiment on Single Cells
6) Experiment on Cell Planting
Technique
7) Experiment on Isolation of
Protoplasm

21. Experiment on Culture Media:
The aim of the experiment was:
To prepare a list of nutritional requirements for root culture of Convolvulus arvensis.
Experiment on Callus Tissue Culture:
The aim of the experiment was:
To prepare a list of nutritional requirements of callus tissue culture of roots of Convolvulus
arvensis.
Experiment on Tissue Culture Medium:
The aim of the experiment was:
To prepare a tissue culture medium (specifically the murashige-skoog medium)
Experiment on Tissue Culture in Plants:
The aim of the experiment was:
To work out the generalized steps used in the methodology of tissue culture in a plant material.
(somatic embryogenesis)
Experiment on Single Cells:
The aim of the experiment was:
To demonstrate the isolation and, further survival of single cells from intact plant organs.
Experiment on Cell Planting Technique:
The aim of the experiment was:
To demonstrate the cell planting technique or process of single cell culture and callus formation
(formation of calli / colonies of organism)
Experiment on Isolation of Protoplasm:
The aim of the experiment was:
To depict the isolation of protoplast from different tissues using commercially available enzymes.

22. TYPES OF
BIOTECHNOLOGY
06

23. There are many different types of biotechnology, and interestingly they are categorized
according to color.
Although there are many ways to classify biotechnology, the use of a color code is actually
the most popular one. This is used to help us better categorize the different areas of
biotechnology research in ways that are easy to remember.
Like the stripes of the rainbow, the different biotechnology applications are grouped into
seven colours or research and development areas.
They are as follows:

24. TYPES OF BIOTECH
Red Biotechnology: This is the health branch (medical) (biopharma) and responsible, according to the Biotechnology
Innovation Organization (BIO), for the development of more than 250 vaccines and medications such as antibiotics,
regenerative therapies and the production of artificial organs.
Green Biotechnology: This is the agricultural department. It is used by more than 13 million farmers worldwide to
fight pests and nourish crops and strengthen them against microorganisms and extreme weather events, such as
droughts and frosts.
White Biotechnology: The industrial branch works to improve manufacturing processes, the development of
biofuels and other technologies to make industry more efficient and sustainable.
Yellow Biotechnology: This branch is focused on food production and, for example, it carries out research to reduce
the levels of saturated fats in cooking oils or for example, it is very popular in making wine, cheese, and beer by
fermentation.

25. TYPES OF BIOTECH
Blue Biotechnology: This exploits marine resources to obtain aquaculture, cosmetics and health care products. In
addition, it is the branch most widely used to obtain biofuels from certain microalgae.
Grey Biotechnology: Its purpose is the conservation and restoration of contaminated natural ecosystems through, as
mentioned above, bioremediation processes. It refers to environmental applications to maintain biodiversity and the
removal of pollutants or contaminants using microorganisms and plants to isolate and dispose of many kinds of
substances such as heavy metals and hydrocarbons.
Gold Biotechnology: It is also known as bioinformatics and, it is responsible for obtaining, storing, analysing and
separating biological information, especially that related to DNA and amino acid sequences. It is referred to as
computational biology and can be defined as “conceptualizing biology” to address biological problems using
computational techniques and makes the rapid organization as well as analysis of biological data possible.
Violet Biotechnology: It deals with the law, ethical and philosophical issues around biotechnology.
Dark Biotechnology: This is associated with bioterrorism or biological weapons and biowarfare using
microorganisms, and toxins to cause diseases and death in humans, domestic animals, and crops.

26. USES AND
APPLICATIONS OF
BIOTECHNOLOGY
07

27. USES OF BIOTECH
Uses of Medical Biotechnology
★ Vaccines
★ Antibiotics
Uses of Agricultural Biotechnology
★ Pest Resistant Crops
★ Plant and Animal Breeding
Uses of Industrial Biotechnology
★ Biocatalysts
★ Fermentation
★ Microorganisms
★ Biological Weapons
Uses of Environmental Biotechnology
★ Bioremediation
★ Bioinformatics
★ Biopharma

28. APPLICATIONS OF BIOTECH
There are limitless applications for something as versatile as biotechnology. Some of its most popular
implementations are:
1. Nutrient Supplementation
2. Abiotic Stress Resistance
3. Industrial Biotechnology
4. Strength Fibres
5. Biofuels
6. Healthcare
7. Food Processing
8. Fuel from Waste
9. Commodity Chemicals and Specialty Chemicals
10. Hi-Tech Finishing Fabrics
11. Detergent Proteases and Wound Dressings
12. Recombinant DNAs and creations

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