Near Field Communication (NFC) is a short-range wireless technology that allows communication between devices that are held close together. In 2004, the NFC Forum was formed to set standards for NFC. NFC works via magnetic field induction at 13.56 MHz and has a range of 10 cm or less. It can be used for applications such as mobile payments, accessing transit systems, and transferring contact information between devices. While convenient, NFC may present some security risks like eavesdropping or data modification that would need to be addressed.

1. Near Field Communication
P Sneha Latha
1601-14-735-145

2. What is NFC ?
❏ Near Field Communication (NFC) is a short range wireless technology that allows
communications to take place between devices that either touch or are momentarily
held close together.
❏ In 2004, NFC Forum was formed by Nokia, Philips, Sony to set standards for NFC .
Every NFC enabled device will have “N-Mark” trademark ,developed by NFC Forum.

3. How does it
work?
➔ NFC is an extension of Radio Frequency
Identification (RFID) Technology that
combines the interface of a smartcard
and a reader into a single device. This
allows two-way communication
between endpoints, where earlier
systems were one-way only.
➔ The technology works via magnetic field
induction and operates within the
globally available and unlicensed radio
frequency band of 13.56 MHz, with a
bandwidth of 14 kHz.

4. Specifications
•Operates at 13.56 MHz
•Supported data rates: 106, 212 and 424 Kbit/s
•Distance of 10 cm or less
•Requires low power
•Compatible with contactless RFID technology
•NFC uses an initiator and a target, the initiator actively generates an RF field that can power a passive
target.

5. NFC Reader
 Usually NFC enabled phones with an IC that is capable
of generating RF waves at 13.56 MHz and firmware
designed to transmit energy to a tag and read
information back from it by detecting the backscatter
modulation.
 The reader continuously emits RF carrier signals, and
keeps observing the received RF signals for data.

6. NFC Tag
 An RFID device incorporating a silicon memory
chip connecting to external antenna.
 Tag does not have its own power source
(passive). The passive tag absorbs a small
portion of the energy emitted by the reader and
starts sending modulated information when
sufficient energy is acquired from the RF field
generated by the reader.

7. Coding of Data

9. Advantages
★ Wide Reach and Availability
★ Compatible with existing RFID
architecture.
★ Very easy to use.
★ No special software.
★ No manual configuration and
settings.
★ No search and pair procedure.

10. Potential
Security Threats
1. Eavesdropping
2. Data Corruption
3. Data Modification and Insertion

11. Applications
NFC applications can be split into the following three basic categories:
❖ Touch and Go
❖ Touch and Confirm
❖ Touch and Connect

12. Touch and Go
Applications such as access control or transport/event ticketing, where the user needs only
to bring the device storing the ticket or access code close to the reader. Also, Smart Poster
Tags, Tour Guide.

13. Touch and Confirm
Applications such as mobile payment where the
user has to confirm the interaction by entering a
password or just accepting the transaction. Also,
Boarding Pass, ID Card, Door Keys etc.

14. Touch and Connect
Linking two NFC-enabled devices to enable peer to peer transfer of data such as
downloading music, exchanging images or synchronizing address books.

16. Conclusion
● NFC has the potential to be a disruptive technology, making things easier and more
effective.
● Setting up a secure channel with NFC can provide confidentiality, integrity and
authenticity.
● Even though NFC has the shortest range among RF technologies, combining it with
existing technologies like Bluetooth or Infrared can increase its range of applications.

17. References
● Near Field Communication, by Vibhor Sharma, Preeti Gusain and Prashant Kumar, at
the Conference on Advances in Communication and Control Systems 2013 (CAC2S
2013).
● http://seminarprojecttopics.blogspot.in/2012/06/near-field-communicationnfc.html
● http://nearfieldcommunication.org/

18. Any Queries?