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Near 
Field 
Communication 
Guided By:- 
Ms. Rashmirekha Sahoo 
Assistant Professor 
M.Tech., Utkal University 
Name : Rahul Anand 
Branch: CSE-D 
Reg no: 1141012212
Contents 
 What is NFC ? 
 Feature 
 History 
 NFC reader/tag 
 Working 
 Comparison 
 Benefit of NFC 
 Application of NFC
NFC trademark 
logo 
What Is NFC ? 
NFC or Near Field Communication is a short 
range high frequency wireless communication 
technology. 
NFC is mainly aimed for mobile or handheld 
devices. 
A radio communication is established by touching 
the two phones or keeping them in a proximity of a 
few centimeters (up to 10 cm) . 
It allows for simplified transactions, data exchange, 
and wireless connections between two devices. 
Allows communication between 
Two powered (active) devices 
Powered and non self-powered (passive) 
devices
Features 
NFC is an extension of Radio frequency identification 
(RFID) technology that combines the interface of a 
smartcard and a reader into a single device. This allow 
two-way communication between endpoints, where 
earlier systems were one-way only. 
It operates within the radio frequency band of 13.56 MHz, 
with a bandwidth of 14 kHz. 
Working distance : up to 10 cm . 
Supported data rates: 106, 212 and 424 Kbit/s 
For two devices to communicate using NFC, one device 
must have an NFC reader/writer and one must have an 
NFC tag
1983 
History of NFC 
• The first patent to be associated with the abbreviation RFID 
was granted to Charles Walton. 
2004 
• Nokia, Philips and Sony established the Near Field 
Communication (NFC) Forum. 
2006 
• First mobile phone( Nokia 6131) with NFC released by NOKIA. 
2010 
• Samsung Nexus S: First Android NFC phone. 
2011 
• NFC support becomes part of the Symbian mobile operating 
system and Blackberry OS.
An NFC 
Reader 
(A Smartphone 
) 
NFC Reader 
• Usually a microcontroller-based 
with an integrated circuits that is 
capable of generating radio 
frequency at 13.56 MHz 
• Reader firmware are designed 
to transmit energy to a tag and 
read information back from it by 
detecting the wave . 
• The reader continuously emits 
RF carrier signals, and keeps 
observing the receiving RF 
signals for data.
NFC Tag 
It contain silicon memory chip connecting to external 
antenna. 
Tag does not have its own power source (passive). 
The passive tag absorbs a small portion of the energy 
emitted by the reader (phone), and starts sending 
modulated information when sufficient energy is acquired 
from the RF field generated by the reader. 
Following figure shows the internal hardware of NFC tag where we can see its 
memory, logic etc.
INITIATOR 
TARGET 
Working Of NFC 
1. NFC has two communicative terminals :The INITIATOR is 
the one who wishes to communicate and starts the 
communication. The TARGET receives the initiator’s 
communication request and sends back a reply
Passive Communication 
Mode: The Initiator device 
provides a carrier field 
and the target device 
answers by modulating 
existing field. In this 
mode, the Target device 
may draw its operating 
power from the Initiator-provided 
electromagnetic 
field. 
Active Communication 
Mode: Both Initiator and 
Target device 
communicate by 
alternately generating 
their own field. A device 
deactivates its RF field 
while it is waiting for data. 
In this mode, both devices 
typically need to have a 
power supply. 
Continue… 
There are two mode of communication
Continue… 
NFC devices communicate via magnetic field induction, 
where two loop antennas are located within each other's near 
field, effectively forming an air-core transformer. 
The reader continuously generates an RF carrier wave (at 
13.56 MHz), watching always for modulation to occur. 
Detected modulation of the field would indicate the presence 
of a tag.
Comparison With Existing 
Technologies
Operating Modes of NFC devices 
Reader/writer mode 
the NFC device is capable of reading NFC tag 
types, such as a tag embedded in an NFC smart 
poster 
Peer-to-Peer mode 
Two NFC devices can exchange data. For 
example, you can share Bluetooth or Wi-Fi link 
set-up parameters or you can exchange data 
such as virtual business cards or digital photos. 
Card Emulation mode 
The NFC device appears to an external reader 
much the same as a traditional contactless smart 
card. This enables contactless payments and 
ticketing by NFC devices without changing the 
existing infrastructure.
Benefits of NFC 
NFC provides a range of benefits to consumers and businesses, 
such as: 
Versatile: NFC is ideally suited to the broadest range of industries, 
environments, and uses 
Open and standards-based: The underlying layers of NFC 
technology follow universally implemented ISO, ECMA, and ETSI 
standards 
Technology-enabling: NFC facilitates fast and simple setup of 
wireless technologies, (such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, etc.) 
Inherently secure: NFC transmissions are secure due to short 
range communication 
Interoperable: NFC works with existing Contactless card 
technologies 
Security-ready: NFC has built-in capabilities to support secure 
applications
Application of NFC
Application of NFC 
NFC and Mobile Payment 
A customer makes his payment through 
mobile phone using NFC 
NFC phone will open wallet 
application 
Wallet will display product cost 
when user clicks “Buy” 
At check out, wallet will display all 
credit/debit cards in wallet for 
payment 
Customer will select card for 
payment 
Wallet will show the confirmation 
page with the check out basket 
Wallet will connect to retailer back 
end for authorization and display 
tracking information
Evolution and Future of 
NFC NFC Projected 
Development 
NFC Forum 
The NFC Forum is a non-profit 
industry association to advance 
the use of NFC short-range 
wireless interaction in consumer 
electronics, mobile devices and 
PCs. 
The NFC Forum promotes 
implementation and 
standardization of NFC 
technology to ensure 
interoperability between devices 
and services. In September 
2008, there were over 150 
members of the NFC Forum.
CONCLUSION 
Mobile handsets are the primary target for NFC and 
soon NFC will be implemented in most handheld devices. Even 
though NFC have the shortest range among radio frequency 
technologies but it is revolutionary due to it’s security, 
compatibility, user friendly interface, immense applications etc 
The above mentioned scenarios are just a few examples 
of how NFC will change our lives for the better. With the high 
level of interest by corporations, as well as involvement of 
individual developers and users in this short range 
communication standard, the possibilities are endless.
References 
 http://www.nfc-forum.org 
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_field_communicati 
on 
 http://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/defi 
nition/Near-Field-Communication 
 http://www.ijcir.org/volume6- 
number1/article8.pdf
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Nfc

  • 1. Near Field Communication Guided By:- Ms. Rashmirekha Sahoo Assistant Professor M.Tech., Utkal University Name : Rahul Anand Branch: CSE-D Reg no: 1141012212
  • 2. Contents  What is NFC ?  Feature  History  NFC reader/tag  Working  Comparison  Benefit of NFC  Application of NFC
  • 3. NFC trademark logo What Is NFC ? NFC or Near Field Communication is a short range high frequency wireless communication technology. NFC is mainly aimed for mobile or handheld devices. A radio communication is established by touching the two phones or keeping them in a proximity of a few centimeters (up to 10 cm) . It allows for simplified transactions, data exchange, and wireless connections between two devices. Allows communication between Two powered (active) devices Powered and non self-powered (passive) devices
  • 4. Features NFC is an extension of Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology that combines the interface of a smartcard and a reader into a single device. This allow two-way communication between endpoints, where earlier systems were one-way only. It operates within the radio frequency band of 13.56 MHz, with a bandwidth of 14 kHz. Working distance : up to 10 cm . Supported data rates: 106, 212 and 424 Kbit/s For two devices to communicate using NFC, one device must have an NFC reader/writer and one must have an NFC tag
  • 5. 1983 History of NFC • The first patent to be associated with the abbreviation RFID was granted to Charles Walton. 2004 • Nokia, Philips and Sony established the Near Field Communication (NFC) Forum. 2006 • First mobile phone( Nokia 6131) with NFC released by NOKIA. 2010 • Samsung Nexus S: First Android NFC phone. 2011 • NFC support becomes part of the Symbian mobile operating system and Blackberry OS.
  • 6. An NFC Reader (A Smartphone ) NFC Reader • Usually a microcontroller-based with an integrated circuits that is capable of generating radio frequency at 13.56 MHz • Reader firmware are designed to transmit energy to a tag and read information back from it by detecting the wave . • The reader continuously emits RF carrier signals, and keeps observing the receiving RF signals for data.
  • 7. NFC Tag It contain silicon memory chip connecting to external antenna. Tag does not have its own power source (passive). The passive tag absorbs a small portion of the energy emitted by the reader (phone), and starts sending modulated information when sufficient energy is acquired from the RF field generated by the reader. Following figure shows the internal hardware of NFC tag where we can see its memory, logic etc.
  • 8. INITIATOR TARGET Working Of NFC 1. NFC has two communicative terminals :The INITIATOR is the one who wishes to communicate and starts the communication. The TARGET receives the initiator’s communication request and sends back a reply
  • 9. Passive Communication Mode: The Initiator device provides a carrier field and the target device answers by modulating existing field. In this mode, the Target device may draw its operating power from the Initiator-provided electromagnetic field. Active Communication Mode: Both Initiator and Target device communicate by alternately generating their own field. A device deactivates its RF field while it is waiting for data. In this mode, both devices typically need to have a power supply. Continue… There are two mode of communication
  • 10. Continue… NFC devices communicate via magnetic field induction, where two loop antennas are located within each other's near field, effectively forming an air-core transformer. The reader continuously generates an RF carrier wave (at 13.56 MHz), watching always for modulation to occur. Detected modulation of the field would indicate the presence of a tag.
  • 11. Comparison With Existing Technologies
  • 12. Operating Modes of NFC devices Reader/writer mode the NFC device is capable of reading NFC tag types, such as a tag embedded in an NFC smart poster Peer-to-Peer mode Two NFC devices can exchange data. For example, you can share Bluetooth or Wi-Fi link set-up parameters or you can exchange data such as virtual business cards or digital photos. Card Emulation mode The NFC device appears to an external reader much the same as a traditional contactless smart card. This enables contactless payments and ticketing by NFC devices without changing the existing infrastructure.
  • 13. Benefits of NFC NFC provides a range of benefits to consumers and businesses, such as: Versatile: NFC is ideally suited to the broadest range of industries, environments, and uses Open and standards-based: The underlying layers of NFC technology follow universally implemented ISO, ECMA, and ETSI standards Technology-enabling: NFC facilitates fast and simple setup of wireless technologies, (such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, etc.) Inherently secure: NFC transmissions are secure due to short range communication Interoperable: NFC works with existing Contactless card technologies Security-ready: NFC has built-in capabilities to support secure applications
  • 15. Application of NFC NFC and Mobile Payment A customer makes his payment through mobile phone using NFC NFC phone will open wallet application Wallet will display product cost when user clicks “Buy” At check out, wallet will display all credit/debit cards in wallet for payment Customer will select card for payment Wallet will show the confirmation page with the check out basket Wallet will connect to retailer back end for authorization and display tracking information
  • 16. Evolution and Future of NFC NFC Projected Development NFC Forum The NFC Forum is a non-profit industry association to advance the use of NFC short-range wireless interaction in consumer electronics, mobile devices and PCs. The NFC Forum promotes implementation and standardization of NFC technology to ensure interoperability between devices and services. In September 2008, there were over 150 members of the NFC Forum.
  • 17. CONCLUSION Mobile handsets are the primary target for NFC and soon NFC will be implemented in most handheld devices. Even though NFC have the shortest range among radio frequency technologies but it is revolutionary due to it’s security, compatibility, user friendly interface, immense applications etc The above mentioned scenarios are just a few examples of how NFC will change our lives for the better. With the high level of interest by corporations, as well as involvement of individual developers and users in this short range communication standard, the possibilities are endless.
  • 18. References  http://www.nfc-forum.org  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_field_communicati on  http://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/defi nition/Near-Field-Communication  http://www.ijcir.org/volume6- number1/article8.pdf