3. Structure of the human brain
- The brain is composed of
three main parts; the
Cerebrum, Cerebellum, and
the brainstem.
- All these parts functions
differently to control the
processes of the body.
4. Structure of the Cerebrum
Cerebrum
- Is the largest part of the brain,
divided into two hemispheres
by a longitudinal cerebral
fissure.
- Consists of the corpus
callosum, which connects the
hemispheres.
5. The lobes of the cerebrum & their functions:
Frontal Lobe
- Memory formation
- Emotions
- Reasoning & Personality
- Decision making
Parietal Lobe
- Senses and integrated sensation
- Spatial awareness and perception
Occipital Lobe
- Integration
- processing
- Interpretation of vision and visual stimuli
Temporal Lobe
- Hearing
- Information retrieval
- Organization/comprehension of
language
6. • The Cerebellum
• It is located at the back of the
head, under the cerebrum.
• it is responsible for movement,
balance, and posture.
7. The Brain-stem
- The Brain-stem is made up of the
Diencephalon, the pons and the Medulla
oblongata.
Diencephalon
- Consists of the thalamus, hypothalamus, and
the Epithalamus.
- The Hypothalamus is the master control of
the autonomic system.
- Controls homeostasis by regulating hunger,
sleep, water balance, heart rate and sexual
response.
- The Thalamus plays a key role in pain, touch,
temperature sensation, attention and memory.
8. The Pons
- Pons is a Latin word meaning ‘bridge’
- The pons acts as a relay station between the lower and higher centres of the brain.
Medulla Oblongata
- Located in between the pons and the spinal cord.
- Centres which control autonomic body functions are found in the Medulla oblongata.
- consists of control centres such as;
1) Respiratory centre – which controls breathing
2) Cardiac centre – which regulates heartbeat
3) Vasomotor centre – controls blood pressure
4) Reflex centres – consists of reflex arc centres for vomiting, sneezing, hiccups,
coughing and swallowing.
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https://www.slideshare.net/levouge777/nervous-system-257204. accessed 18 August 2022.
John, T. (2008). Anatomy of Brain. Available from slide share at
https://www.slideshare.net/ThomasJohn123/anatomy-of-brain-95653151. Accessed 18
August 2022.
Wrick, M. (2011). The Brain. Available from slide share at
https://www.slideshare.net/Firedemon13/the-brain-9190732. Accessed 20 August 2022.
cnps. (2013). The Brain. Available from slide share at https://www.slideshare.net/cnps/brain-
ppt-17728287. accessed 20 August 2022.
Borba, S. (2011). The Human Brain. Available from slide share at
https://www.slideshare.net/sil14/the-human-brain-8154157?qid=db6f5800-9420-4a4b-ace1-
c4e4fe3d4d2f&v=&b=&from_search=14. Accessed 20 August 2022.
