FIRST YEAR ASSIGNMENT MADE BY SHRIKRISHNA KESHARWANI B.PLAN MANIT BHOPAL

1. BY- SHRIKRISHNA KESHARWANI
SCHOLAR NO. 181109005
COMPARISON BETWEEN
DEMOGRAPHIC
CHARACTERSTICS OF
JAPAN AND INDONESIA

2. Japan -
Source- world urbanization prospects

3. Indonesia-
Source- world urbanization prospects

4. TOTAL POPULATION (both japan and Indonesia)
• In 1960 the population of
japan was 92.5 million out of
which 63.27 % is urban
population and the
Indonesian population was
87.7 million out of which
14.58% is urban population
• In 2019 the total population
of japan was 126.2 million
out of which 91.698% is
urban population while the
population of Indonesia was
270.6 million out of which
only 55.985% of the
population is living in the
urban areas.
Source- data.worldbank.org
years

5. Urban population
• The urban population of
Indonesia in 2019 was 151.5
million while the urban
population of japan in 2019
was 115.78 millon.
• Also the urban land area of
japan in 2010 was 1.08 lakh sq.
km. While in Indonesia it was
approx. 42 thousand sq. km.
Source- data.worldbank.org
years

6. POPULATION DENSITY PEOPLE PER SQ. KM. OF AREA
• In 1961 the population
density of japan was
258.912 people per sq.
km. and the Indonesian
population density was
49.735 people per sq.
km.
• In 2018 the population
density of japan was
347.073 while the
population density of
Indonesia 147.752.
Source- data.worldbank.org
years

7. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES -
JAPAN
1. Air pollution- with the increase in the number
of automobiles on the road and the amount of
chemicals released into the atmosphere.
causing health damage
2. The heat island effect- in the urban areas
caused by enormous energy consumption and
global warming due to the increase of carbon
dioxide in the air. The rising heat in the city is
attributed to absorbent surfaces such as
concrete and asphalt, tall buildings that block
air breezes, heat-generating cars and the
omnipresent air conditioners. The phenomenon
is known as the heat island effect because the
temperature is higher in the city than the
suburbs and the isothermal lines create a shape
like an island.
3. Global warming - According to a report by
the Japan Meteorological Agency2 on the
weather in 1999, the temperature had increased
by 0.6°C worldwide and 1°C in Japan during the
preceding 100 years. Such phenomenon was
primarily attributed to the increased emission of
carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases due
to energy consumption by humans.
INDONESIA
1. Air pollution- with the increase in the number
of urban population no. of automobiles are also
increases . also the demand for energy is also
increasing . As Indonesia is still a developing
country they use mainly coal and oil power
plants to generate electricity (around 63%)
which results in air pollution.
2. Deforestation- the forest cover in the
country in 1990 was aroud 65% but now it is
less than 50%.
3. Global warming -Global warming is being
blamed for spreading disease in Indonesia.
Malaria has been reported in the highlands of
Papua at 6,900 feet, an altitude that was once
thought to be too high and cold for malaria
mosquitos.
Source- https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr05-06/english/sec/library/0506in30e.pdf
Source-
http://factsanddetails.com/indonesia/Nature_Science_Animals/sub6_8c
/entry-4090.html

8. Total green house gas
emission (kt. of co2 equivalent)
years
Source- data.worldbank.org
Kilo
ton
of
co2
eqivalent
• In 1971 the green house gases
emission from japan was
approx. 9.5 lakh tons while the
emission from Indonesia was
approx. 3.4 lakh tons.
• In 2012 the green house gases
emission from japan was
approx. 14.8 lakh tons while
the emission from Indonesia
was approx. 7.8 lakh tons.

9. Forest area ( % of land area)
Perceentage
of
land
area
years
• In 1990 the total area covered
by Forest in japan was 2.495
lakh Sq. kms. which was
68.431% of the total land area
while in Indonesia it was
approx. 11.85 lakh sq. km
which was 65.44% of the total
land area.
• In 2016 the total area covered
by Forest in japan was 249.564
lakh Sq. kms. which was 68.456
% of the total land area while in
Indonesia it was approx. 9.03
lakh sq. km which was 49.86 %
of the total land area.
Source- data.worldbank.org

10. Co2 emission
• In 2016 the co2 emission from
japan was approx. 11.35 lakh
tons also per capita it is 9.53
metric ton while the emission
from Indonesia was approx.
5.63 lakh tons also the per
capita emission is 1.819 metric
ton .
Source- data.worldbank.org
years
Kilo
ton
of
co2