inplant training in NTPC badarpur presentation

1. IN PLANT TRAINING
Report
By,
SHIVAM JAIN
10BEC0482

2. INTRODUCTION

3. ABOUT NTPC
• India’s largest power company, NTPC was set up in 1975 to
accelerate power development in India.
• NTPC became a Maharatna company in May, 2010, one of
the only four companies to be awarded this status.
• The total installed capacity of the company is 39,174 MW
(including JVs) with 16 coal based and 7 gas based
stations, located across the country.
• In addition under JVs, 7 stations are coal based & another
station uses naptha/LNG as fuel.
• The company has set a target to have an installed power
generating capacity of 1,28,000 MW by the year 2032.

4. About BTPS
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BADARPUR THERMAL POWER STATION was established on 1973 and it was the
part of Central Government.
On 01/04/1978 is was given to NTPC.
Since then operating performance of NTPC has been considerably above the
national average.
Badarpur thermal power station started with a single 95 mw unit.
There were 2 more units (95 MW each) installed in next 2 consecutive years.
Now it has total five units with total capacity of 720 MW. Ownership of BTPS was
transferred to NTPC with effect from 01.06.2006
The power is supplied to a 220 KV network that is a part of the northern grid.
The ten circuits through which the power is evacuated from the plant are:
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1. Mehrauli
2. Okhla
3. Ballabgarh
4. Indraprastha
5. UP (Noida)
6. Jaipur

5. Installed Capacity

7. OPERATION MECHANISM
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The coal is brought and crushed to
powder. This is feed to boiler for
producing heat .
In Boiler the water is converted to
steam.
In super heater the moisture content is
removed from the steam and that
steam is called super heated steam.
The superheated steam rotates the
shaft of the High pressure turbine.
The exhausted steam is sent to
preheater and the steam then rotates
the intermediate pressure (IP) turbine.
The steam from the IP Turbine is then
feed to low pressure turbine.
The turbine shaft is connected to the
Generator, which produces electric
Power.
The power generated is then
transmitted .

10. OPERATION AND MAINTAINANCE
• This control &
instrumentation is the
brain of the plant
because from the
relays to transmitters
followed by the
electronic computation
chipsets and recorders
and lastly the
controlling circuitry, all
fall under this.

11. LVDT
(Linear Variable Differential Transducers)
• An electro-mechanical device that produces
electrical output linearly proportional to
displacement of moveable core.
• play integral part in C&I lab as for pressure
measurement
• Convert minute pressure drops by virtue of
movement of plunger which causes emf to be
induced which is coverted to digital values to read.

12. Working :•
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When the primary coil is energized
by an AC current, source voltage
are induced in two secondary coils.
The arrangement shown produces
net zero signal output from the
secondary's when induced voltage
are equal in each coil when core is
in center.
A movement of core leads to an
increase in magnetic coupling to
the coil in direction of movement
and reduction in other coil
producing a net output signal.
Similarly in opposite direction
produces an identical signal in
opposite phase.

13. Important Features :• Advantage is that moving core does not make contact with other
electrical components of the assembly.
• Offers high reliability and long life.
• Positive Over-Pressure – protected from damage by over pressure.
• Shock loading – diaphragms are not made from brittle materials
and so failures due to shock loads are rare.
• Transmitter Electronics – LVDT pressure and level transmitters
enable the user to adjust zero and span settings.
o Analogue transmitter provide only zero and span adjustment, square
root option and other
o Digital type can be configures via integral communication port.
o Thus submersible type LVDT sensor use digital signal processing.

14. Data Acquisition System
• A lot of Data is coming from process due to lot
of instrumentation involved.
• Target is to acquire this data at lower cost and
less complex instruments.
• To maintain line safe operation, data is
analyzed to :o Increase efficiency, reliability and availability
o Provide historical records for review

15. • A computerized DAS is a real time system thus
computer must have a proven and efficient
real time operating system as :o
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Memory cycle time < 1 microseconds
Multiple external interrupts
Fast access disk in order of 20 millisecond
Multi memory banks and expandability to at least 64K words
Floating point hardware
Internal Interrupts for various trap conditions
Real time clocks and etc.
The actual performance of a computer system for the same hardware depends upon
the configuration , operating system and software design.

16. Data logging system
• Another function of system is data logging for operator
understanding.
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Turbine run on log – start turbine roll off
Boiler starts up log
Hourly log
Summary log
Maintenance log
Performance log
Shut down log and etc.
• The plant monitoring is done by constantly scanning the
inputs and checking them against the alarm limits, if any is
out of limits then a message is printed or a light or alarm is
activated

17. Memory management system
• Also called as “ dynamic memory allocation “
• OS searches for an area in memory large
enough to run a program.
• OS should not do more I/O’s for memory
management than it is necessary.
• The software design and priority structure
should be thought out carefully with the
objective of minimizing access to bulk
memory.

18. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
• A digital computer for automation of electromechanical processes.
• PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER is a solid state control
system that continuously monitors the status of devices connected
as inputs. Based upon a user written program, stored in memory, it
controls the status of devices connected as outputs.
• Control of machinery as in factory assembly lines, amusement rides
or light fixtures.
• PLC is designed for multiple inputs and outputs, extended
temperature ranges , immunity to electrical noise and resistance to
vibration and impact
• Programs are stored in battery-backed-up or non volatile memory.
• Automotive industry is still one of the largest users of PLCs

21. Need of PLC

23. References :• Reading material from Mr. Ashish Agrawal
(senior superintendent) and other C&I officials
• Nalanda library at NTPC
• Various links used :
o http://ntpc.co.in
o http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_variable_differential_transformer and etc.

24. THANKYOU