vocational training ppt

1. VOCATIONAL TRAINING PPT
ON
THERMAL POWER PLANT & ROLE OF C&I.
NATIONAL THERMAL POWER COORPORATION,
VINDHYANAGAR.
SUBMITTED BY:-
DHEERAJ ATULKAR
SGSITS INDORE
3RD YEAR
EC

2. CONTENT
INTRODUCTION OF NTPC VINDHYANAGAR
COAL-FIRED POWER STATION
PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY
DIAGRAMATIC REPRESENTATION
ABOUT C&I DEPARTMENT
FUNCTION OF C&I
HOW C&I WORKS?
SWITCHGEAR
SWITCHYARD
CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION OF NTPC VINDhYANAGAR
 NTPC VINDHYANCHAL is located at Vindhyanagar in Singrauli
District of Madhya Pradesh.
 It is one of the coal-fired power station of NTPC and is the
largest power station in India.
 It is the 9th largest coal-fired power station in the world.
 Coal linkage for this station is from Nigahi Coal Mines(NCL).
 Water for the station is drawn from Rihand Reservoir.
 It has installed capacity of 4,760MW.
 It consist of 5 stages comprising 13 units i.e. 6 units of
210MW and 7 units of 500MW.
 The produced electricity is consumed by the following
stated:- Madhya
Pradesh,Gujrat,Maharastra,Goa,Chhattisgarh, Daman&Diu
and Dadar Nagar Haveli.

4. COAL-FIRED POWER STATION
It is a power station that burns coal or natural gas to
produce electricity.
coal heat energy mechanical energy electricity
Today, fossil fuel power station provides most of the
electrical energy used in the world.

5. PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY
Transportation of coal
 Using Wagon Trippler.
 Using Bottom Discharge Wagon.
Coal Stacking/ Feeding
The coal from wagon, follows the following path:-
Unload from wagon
On conveyor belt
To crusher house
Stack yard/Bunker
Bunker
CONVEYOR BELT CRUSHER HOUSE STACK YARD

6. CONTINUE…
Processing of Coal
After the crushed coal is passed to bunker, the coal undergo following processes:-
I. It is sent to mill to obtain powdered form of coal, to ensure complete combustion of coal.
II. The powdered coal is then passed to the furnace via a typical air draft system.
III. The firing of coal inside furnace maintains it to a very high temperature.
IV. This high temperature further heats the boiler that contains DM water and produces super
heated steam.
(Heat energy Pressure energy)
V. This super heated steam works on turbine blades which in turn moves the blade.
(Pressure Energy Kinetic Energy)
VI. Rotational kinetic energy of turbine is converted into electrical energy using
Turbo Generator.
VII. The produced electricity is then sent to switchyard (distribution sector) via
Generator Transformer (GT).

7. DIAGRAM OF ELECTRICITY GENERATION

8. ABOUT C&I DEPARTMENT
• C&I stands for CONTROL & INSTRUMENTATION.
• C&I department in thermal power plant is similar to the nerve
system in human being.
• C&I department controls the entire functioning and operation of
the power plant from the “CONTROL ROOM", that contains
control desks and auxiliary panels.
• In addition to control room C&I also consist of a server room
where various parameters are modified according to need.

9. Function of C&I
The main function of C&I department are as follows:-
o Measurement
o Control
o Operation
o Monitoring
o Protection
This department deals with observing ,controlling and manipulating quantities
like temperature ,pressure and vibration.

10. MEASURING POINTS & QUANTITIES
QUANTITIES/PARAMETERS Measuring Points Instrument used Pictures of the instrument
1. Pressure a. Boiler Pressure transmitter
b. Turbine
c. Furnace
2. Temperature a. Steam at superheater Thermocouple
inlet and outlet
b. Flue gases
c. Air preheater
d. Bearing of turbine
and generator

11. CONTINUE…
Parameters Measuring points Instruments used Pictures of instrument
3.Flow a. High pressure steam Venturi
b. Feed water inlet
c. Condensate
4. Vibration a. Turbine and generator Mass spring with
shaft &bearing shell potentiometric
capacitive

12. HOW C&I WORK?
The parameters such as pressure, temperature and vibration of various
component from the field is measured, using various instruments(-24V to 0,0 to
+24V).

13. CONTINUE...
The data (-24 to 0 or 0 to +24) is then transferred to
such panels, where various logical operations are done over these
data by the help of various programmable cards present within the
panel.
• Broadly the components of PLC can be categories as:-
 Processor (CPU)
 Input cards
 Output cards
• The processor is redundant with another processor.

14. CONTINUE…
• Both the processors contain three wires; Red(unit line A), blue(unit line B) and
gray(to assure the processor that it has another redundant processor).
• The panels also contains some special type of cards known as “Critical cards”.
• It’s data is then sent to Network Distributor Panel HMI through red and blue
wires present in each panel.

15. CONTINUE…
The red and blue wires from each panel is then sent to NETWORK DISTRIBUTOR
PANEL HMI.

16. CONTINUE…
• It contains various panels like:-
 LINE-A All the red wires coming from control panel is connected in this panel.
 LINE-B All the blues wires are connected in this panel.
 MMI It stands for MAN INTERFACE MACHINE.
It further distribute the data received from LINE-A & LINE-B to PC’s of control room and EWS.
LINE-A LINE-B MMI

17. CONTINUE…
The data from the network panel is sent to the control room and EWS present in
server room.
Control room is the room from where the entire functioning and operation of the
plant is observed and controlled.
EWS stands for Engineering Work Station that act as an admin PC which can make
any kind of modification needed in cards of control panel, network or parameters
such as pressure, temperature etc. of the thermal plant.
From control panel to control room the entire system is redundant so that in case
of any one network failure(A or B) we still get the result.

18. CONTROL ROOM

19. SERVER ROOM

20. SWITCHGEAR
• Switchgear is one which makes or breaks the electrical supply and operates in low
voltage.
• This is the protection device that control the equipment or machine(either heavy
or small) in power system.
• Switchgear equipment's are:-
a. Isolator
b. Switching Isolators
c. Circuit Breakers
d. Load Break Switches
e. Protection relay

21. SWITCH YARD
• Switch yard is also one of the main part of power
plant.
• Power generated can be worthful only if it is
successfully transmitted and received by its
consumers.
• It act as a channel/passage between the
generation and transmission of electricity.
• It is an open area where variety of equipment's
are present that are responsible for proper connection of transmission line as required.
• In VSTPS there are two interconnected switchyard:-
o 400KV switchyard
o 132KV switchyard

22. CONCLUSION
Industrial training exposes an individual to practical aspect of all things
which differ considerably from theoretical models.
During my training ,I gained a lot of practical knowledge which
otherwise could have been exclusive to me. This practical exposure will
help me a lot when I will set my foot as an engineer.
Overall this training was an excellent experience for me.

23. THANK YOU!!