view some point effected by 2020 marpol requirements

1. Jordan Academy for Maritime Studies

2. GEF-UNDP-IMO
Project preparation update
Marpol 2020
Jordan, Amman, 16 August 2020
Eng. Shawqi Asi
TOPICS
1-RULES OF IMO
2-IMPACT OF AIR POLLUTION
3- MARPOL ANNEXES
4- ANNEX VI REGULATION WILL BE
EFFECTED 2020
5 PRACTICAL MEASURES TO REDUCE AIR
POLLUTION
6- ECA AREAS RULES
7- RULE OF COMPLYING WITH MARPOL
2020
8- COMMON QUESTION AND ANSWERS

4. Role of IMO members
•IMO members are States
•IMO develops global regulations to maintain safety and
security of international shipping and to prevent marine
pollution from ships
•Governments are responsible for implementing and
enforcing the adopted regulatory framework.

5. Roles of other stakeholders
• Classification societies - Survey and certification (ship
and equipment safety)
• Shipping companies - Apply the standards to their ships
• Crew - Put standards into operation

6. IMO Structure
Marine
Environment
Protection
Committee
Facilitation
Committee
Technical
Cooperation
Committee
Maritime Safety
Committee
Assembly
174 Member States
3 Associate Members SHIP DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION (SDC)
SHIP SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT (SSE)
NAVIGATION, COMMUNICATION AND SEARCH
AND RESCUE (NCSR)
CARRIAGE OF CARGOES AND CONTAINERS (CCC)
POLLUTION PREVENTION AND RESPONSE (PPR)
IMPLEMENTATION OF IMO INSTRUMENTS (III)
HUMAN ELEMENT, TRAINING AND WATCHKEEPING (HTW)
Council
40 Member Governments
Legal Committee

7. The IMO received a study in 2016 that estimated 570,000 premature
deaths between 2020 and 2025 could be prevented worldwide by
implementing this additional sulphur restriction. It will also reduce the
extent and amount of acid rain, which can harm crops and accelerate
ocean acidification.

8. 1. Summery International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution
from Ships,1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto

9. Annex VI Air polution
EFFECTED BY 2020

10. GEF-UNDP-IMO
Project preparation update
CONTENTS
A. Invasive Aquatic Species
B. Biofouling
C. Vectors
D. Policy framework
E. Overview of GloFouling Partnerships
Energy sources regulation
complying with annex V1
Regulations 14 &18
EXISTING VESSEL
Ship Modifications (New
Design to fulfill annex VI
chapter IV)
Operation Efficiencies to
fulfill Chapter(IV) for req.
22- tier II off EEDI
Started from 1/jan/2020
Lead to CLEAR SEA

12. • GEF-UNDP-IMO
Project preparation update
ec
Annex VI Regulations for Prevent of Air Pollution From Ships
Establishes Certain Sulpher Oxide (Sox) Emission Control With
More Stringed Control on Sulpher Emission

13. 1-Regulation 12. switching from HCFC To HFC
2- Using New technology to comply with Reg. 13 (Nox)
3-Fulfill New requirements by applying 2020 SoX CAP
A - Max. sulpher. 0.5 % in F.o bunkers ( 0.1% Foe ECA areas)
or B - Fitting Exh. gas scrubber Either open loop or close loop
Or C- Shifting to LNG /LPG fuel oil (New ship)
4- Review the vessels SEEMP Reg. 22 of annex VI chapter 4
Role of to comply marpol 2020 REQUIREMENTS
Photo : UNDP

14. Ships move approximately 80% of the world’s goods. When compared to
other forms of transportation, marine shipping is the most energy-
efficient way to move large volumes of cargo.
FORMS OF TRANSPORTATION
Distance 1 tonne of cargo can travel on
1 litre of fuel i
• 49 KM BY TRUCK
• 226 KM BY TRAIN
• 394 KM BY SHIP

15. Commercial ships burn fuel for energy and emit several types of air pollution as by-
products. Ship-source pollutants most closely linked to climate change and public
health impacts include carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides
(SOx) and particulate matter.
On a global scale, the marine shipping industry’s share of total emissions from human sources is:
• CO2 2.2% Per year
• Nox 15 % per year
• SOX 13% per year
Health Impacts from Air Pollution from All Sources
• World-wide air pollution is released from many
sources including industry, electrical power
generation, home heating and all modes of
transportation. Poor air quality is linked to health
issues such as asthma, respiratory and
cardiovascular disease, and untimely
death. According to the World Health Organization,
air pollution is the greatest environmental health
risk to people as it triggers a range of health
problems. In 2012, approximately 3.7 million
deaths worldwide resulted from ambient air
pollution. In Canada, approximately 14,400
untimely deaths each year can be linked to air
pollution.
• As of 2016, worldwide ambient air pollution
accounts for:

16. Health Impacts from Air Pollution from All Sources
• World-wide air pollution is released from many sources including industry, electrical power
generation, home heating and all modes of transportation. Poor air quality is linked to health
issues such as asthma, respiratory and cardiovascular disease, and untimely death. According to
the World Health Organization, air pollution is the greatest environmental health risk to people as
it triggers a range of health problems. In 2012, approximately 3.7 million deaths worldwide
resulted from ambient air pollution. In Canada, approximately 14,400 untimely deaths each year
can be linked to air pollution.
• As of 2016, worldwide ambient air pollution accounts for:
• 43% of lung disease deaths
• 29% of lung cancer deaths
• 25% of heart disease deaths
• 24% of stroke deaths

17. Can Ship Operators Avoid IMO 2020?
• MARPOL regulations apply to all ships. Ships of all sizes are required to
meet the 0.5% sulphur limit as of January 1, 2020. To ensure compliance,
the shipping and fuel industries, along with regulators and other
stakeholders, have been working to prepare for the transition.
• The member states and flag states that are party to MARPOL Annex VI will
monitor ships and enforce compliance, in accordance with IMO guidelines.
Additional guidelines to support ship operators and fuel oil
suppliers prepare to meet IMO 2020 were also developed.
• Ships that violate the regulations may be barred from accessing ports as
well as face fines and sanctions. If a ship is unable to obtain compliant fuel,
its operators can complete a Fuel Oil Non-Availability Report (FONAR),
which can be taken into account by the port State control authority when
applying penalties. Even if accepted, the FONAR is not an exemption or
easy way out; the ship will then have to remove any excess non-compliant
fuel, a costly and time-consuming effort.

18. What is the Fuel Carriage Ban?
• Enforcement of IMO 2020 is supported by a ban on the carriage of
non-compliant fuel in effect on March 1, 2020. Ratified in 2018, the
ban prohibits ships from carrying fuel with a sulphur content higher
than 0.5% in their fuel tanks. Port State control authorities do not
have to prove consumption of a non-compliant fuel; they simply have
to check for its presence in a ship’s tanks to prove a violation. The
only exception is ships equipped with exhaust gas cleaning systems
(scrubbers) that remove sulphur emissions from ship exhaust before
it is released to the atmosphere.

19. How Can Ships Comply with IMO 2020?
Ship operators have two main options to comply:
• Switch to a compliant fuel, such as a lower sulphur fuel oil (0.5%
sulphur) or alternative fuel such as liquefied natural gas or methanol.
Compliant fuels are available at most major ports.
• Install an exhaust gas cleaning system to allow the ship to continue
using heavy fuel oil by removing or “scrubbing” the sulphur oxides
emitted from the engine before the exhaust is released into the
atmosphere.

20. Access to Compliant Fuel
• Access to compliant fuel is essential for ships to meet the IMO 2020
regulation, as most ship operators intend to rely on compliant fuels
rather than scrubbers. Before confirming the implementation date of
January 1, 2020, the IMO commissioned a report that confirmed the
capacity of the refinery sector to provide sufficient quantities of
suitable marine fuel.
• The compliant fuels must also meet IMO fuel oil quality standards to
ensure that the safety of ships or performance of their engines will
not be compromised. Additionally, the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) issued a new standard in September 2019 to
specifically address quality concerns and considerations relating to
the implementation of IMO 2020. Global refineries are responding to
this new market opportunity by investing in new capacity, stockpiling
compliant fuel, and increasing production.

21. How Will IMO 2020 be Monitored and Enforced?
• IMO member states, such as Canada “AS EXAMPLE”, are responsible for
incorporating international regulations into national law and then
enforcing ships’ adherence to those regulations. Flag states – countries
where ships are registered – and port states – countries where ships enter
ports – will be working together to enforce IMO 2020.
• Port states enforce the provisions of MARPOL by monitoring vessels within
their territorial waters, reporting non-compliance to the relevant flag state,
and enforcing the regulations in accordance with national legislation.
• Canada has implemented regulations related to IMO 2020 through
its Vessel Pollution and Dangerous Chemicals Regulations.
• Further, under the Marine Transportation Security Act and through
the Marine Safety and Security Oversight Program, Transport Canada as the
regulatory authority monitors every ship in Canadian waters through a
number of mechanisms, including:

22. Continue CANADA’S Ports procedures
• requirement for ships to contact Transport Canada 96 hours before
entering Canadian waters to provide details about the ship, its cargo
and crew.
• a rigorous inspection program to ensure compliance with the North
American emission control area, including measuring sulphur content
in ships’ fuel tanks with portable fuel analyzers.
• regular and random Port State Control inspections conducted by
experienced marine safety and security inspectors to assess ships’
condition, operations, and compliance with pollution control.

23. After IMO 2020: How Will the Shipping Industry Continue to
Reduce Air Pollution?
• The goal of IMO 2020 is to improve air quality by reducing sulphur content in
emissions. It does not tackle the issue of greenhouse gases (GHGs) or climate
change. However, the IMO began addressing GHGs produced by shipping in April
2018 with a vision to reduce those emissions to 50% of 2008 levels by 2050. The
IMO has provided an initial strategy to reduce GHG emissions from ships and is
developing mid- and long-term strategies.
• The Global Maritime Forum, including 80 maritime, energy, infrastructure and
finance companies working with government agencies and organizations like the
World Bank, World Economic Forum and the United Nations Conference on Trade
and Development, has set a more ambitious target – and formed an alliance
called the Getting to Zero Coalition – to develop commercially viable ocean-going
zero emission vessels by 2030. Additionally, some shipping companies have
declared their intention to become carbon neutral by 2050.
• As ships have an expected lifespan of approximately 30 years, the industry is
facing a short window of time to make technological changes that can be
integrated into ships to achieve these goals.

24. By 2020, as a result of these standards, emissions from ships in the entire
North American ECA are expected to be reduced by:
• Nox 23%
• Sox 86%
• Particulate Matter 74%

25. Air pollution pathways
Education
Academies
and training
Commercial
Ships
Bunkering
infrastructure
Oil and gas
Refineries
structures
ISO of f.o Stander
8217
Owners
managements
Flag and port
states

26. Marine Environment Protection Committee
Issues:
• Pollution prevention and response
• Marine biosafety: invasive aquatic
species
• Air pollution and energy efficiency
• Dumping of wastes at sea
• Plastic