package of practices for cotton, varieties, grow guide, with pictures, bale, lint, fibre

1. COTTON-
PACKAGE OF PRACTICES
RANI LAKSHMI BAI CENTRAL AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY,
GWALIOR ROAD, JHANSI
SUBMITTED TO:
Dr. Artika Singh
Kushwaha,
Scientist Agronomy
SUBMITTED BY:
Shalini Shukla
Ag/063/17

2. INTRODUCTION:
• BOTANICAL NAME: Gossypium sp.
• OTHER NAME: White gold, King of Fibers, vegetable fiber
• CHROMOSOME No. : n= 13( G.herbaceum, G.arboreum ), n=26(
G.barbadense, G.hirsutum)
• FAMILY: MALVACEAE
• ORIGIN: India- arboreums , South America- barbadense
• AREA:
• PRODUCTION (2017-18): 328.05 Lakh bales of 170 Kg each
• Note: Arabic word kutun or qutun has given rise to English word
cotton.

3. PACKAGE OF
PRACTICES
SOWING
MANAGEMENT
NUTRIENT
MANAGEMENT
WATER
MANAGEMENT
WEED
MANAGEMENT
HARVESTING &
PROCESSING
YIELD

4. SOWING MANAGEMENT
SEED RATE 4-5 kg/ha(desi), 3-4 kg/ha(American) ,
1.0kg/ha(hybrids)
TIME OF SOWING May end to July end
DEPTH OF
SOWING
SEASON Kharif
SPACING 75cm X 30cm(variety), 90-120cm X
60cm(hybrids)
METHOD OF
SOWING
FLAT BED (rainfed), RIDGE-FURROW
(irrigated), DIBBLING
NOTE:
Rainfed cotton- 1 deep ploughing in 3-4 yrs.
Irrigated cotton: 2-3 ploughing followed by final
harrowing.

5. NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT
N:P2O5:K2O - 80-150: 40-75: 40-75
Optimum NPK ratio for cotton = 2:1:1
Peak demand of N : flowering & boll formation
5cm below seed line
Half N + full dose of P2O5 & K2O – BASAL
Rest 50% N- 2-3 split doses at squaring & flowering (top dressing)
NOTE: Associate nitrogen fixers Azotobacter & Azospirillum can save up to 20
Kg N/ha.

6. WATER MANAGEMENT
• 80% area under cotton – rainfed (India)
• 2 pre flowering & 4 post flowering
• No. of irrigation: 3(heavy soils), 4-5(heavy soils)
• Critical stage: squaring to peak flowering
• Drainage is must.

7. WEED MANAGEMENT
COMMON WEEDS: Cyperus rotundus, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Chloris
barbata, Abutilon indicum, Digera arvensis, Eclipta alba
CRITICAL PERIOD : 30-60 DAS
3 intercultivations at 15 days interval up to 60 DAS.
Earthing up – 80 DAS
PPI: Fluchloralin 1-1.5 kg/ha
Pre emergence: Pendimethalin 1.5-2.0 kg/ha
Post emergence: Quizalofop 0.4-0.75g
 IWM : summer deep ploughing, intercultivations & use of herbicides.

8. HARVESTING & YIELD
• Duration: 150-200 days
• Ideal time: leaf shedding stage
• First picking: 10% bolls –burst open
• Yield: 15-20 q/ha (seed cotton)
• seed cotton= seed + lint
• cotton seed= seed after removing lint

9. PROCESSING
• Ginning : separation of fibres from seed cotton(roller
gins or saw gins)
• Ginning percentage= (weight of lint/weight of seed
cotton) X 100
• For barbadense- 28-30, hirsutum- 34-38, desi- 36-42

10. QUALITY EVALUATION
Oil content: 14.5-22.5 (arboreum & herbaceum), 17-25.5
(hirsutum & barbadense)
Fibre/staple length: 6 grades- 1.extrafine, 2. superfine, 3.
fine, 4. fully good, 5. good to fully good, 6. good
Fibre strength: very strong(>95kg/cm²), strong(86-95),
average(76-85), fair(66-75), weak(<66)

11. IPM/IDM
• Cotton bollworm: Helicoverpa armigera- Carbaryl 50WP@2.5kg/ha
• Cotton aphid: Aphis gossypii – Dimethoate 30 EC@500ml/ha
• Thrips: Thrips tabaci- same as in cotton aphid
• Black arm- Xanthomonas malvacearum- seed treatment with
streptomycin
• Verticillium wilt- Verticillium dahliae- soil application ceresan (0.1%)

12. REFERENCES
Agronomy of field crops – S. R. Reddy, Y. Reddy Ramu
Krishisewa.com
Agritech.tnau.ac.in
www.ikisan.com

13. THANK YOU