Basalt fiber reinforced concrete

1. BASALT FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

2. CONTENT
Introduction
Properties of Basalt fibers
Fiber forming process
Mechanical properties of concrete of adding basalt fiber
Application of basalt fiber reinforced concrete
The advantage of basalt fiber reinforced concrete
Conclusion
Reference

3. INTRODUCTION
Concrete is a composite material with a low tensile strength and a low strain
limit.
The addition of fiber to the concrete mix can significantly improve the
engineering properties of the concrete.
Due to high corrosion resistance, high ductility and sufficient durability, FRC is
widely used.
Various types of fibers can be used in cement and concrete composite, such as
steel or organic fibers.
Basalt fiber is a new kind of inorganic fiber extracted from melted basalt rock
and is currently available commercially.

4. PROPERTIES OF BASALT FIBER
Physical property
•Colour: It is available in golden brown colour.
•Diameter: It is available in different diameter like 5.8 micron.
•Length : Available in 6mm, 8mm, 12mm.
•Density : Density of basalt fiber is 2.75g/cm^3.
•Coefficient of friction : The coefficient of friction may be between 0.42 to 0.50.

5. Chemical properties
• Basalt are more stable in strong alkalis.
• Weight loss in boiling water, Alkaline and acid is also significantly
lower.
• Basalt fibers have very good resistance against alkaline environment,
with the capability to with stand pH up to 13-14.
• It also has good acid and salt resistance.

6. Thermal Resistance
•Basalt fiber has excellent thermal properties to that of glass fibers.
•It can easily withstand the temperature of 1200°c to 1300°c for hours
continuously.
•Unstressed basalt fibers and fabrics can maintain their integrity even up to
1250°c.

7.  Mechanical Strength
• It has high stiffness and strength.
• Basalt fiber has slightly higher specific gravity 2.6-2.8.
Abrasion property
• Basalt material is extremely hard and has hardness values between 5 to 9 on
Mohr’s scale, which results in better abrasion property.

8. Corrosion and fungi resistance
•Basalt fiber has better corrosion resistance.
•It does not under go any toxic reaction with water and air or gases also.
•Moisture regain and moisture content of basalt fibers exist in the range of
less than 1%.
•Basalt material have strong resistance against the action of fungi and micro-
organisms.

9. Ecological friendliness
• Basalt fibers have natural raw material, which is basalt rock it does not
cause any damage to the health.
•Basalt fibers has no biological hazards and solves waste disposal
problems.
•It does not clog incinerator as glass. Hence, it is incinerator friendly.

10. FIBER FORMING PROCESS
1) Crushed stone
2) Loading station
3) Transport station
4) Bath charging station
5) Initial melt zone
6) Secondary control heat zone
7) Filament form
8) Sizing
9) Strand formation
10) Fiber tension
11) Winding

11. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE OF ADDING
BASALT FIBERS
Fig 3:-Split tensile testFig 2:-Workability
Fig 4:- Flexural test

12. Fiber content (kg/m^3) Slump (MM)
0 120
1 108
2 103
4 97
TABLE 3.1: SLUMP TEST
Fiber content (kg/m^3) Split tensile strength (N/mm^2)
7 days 28 days
0 1.65 2.25
1 2.3 3.02
2 2.64 3.33
4 2.87 3.64
TABLE 3.3: SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH TEST

13. COMPARISON OF BASALT FIBRE WITH OTHER FIBERS
Properties Basalt fiber Steel fiber E glass fiber Carbon fiber Polypropylen
e
Density
(g/cmᶟ)
2.65 7.85 2.60 1.80 0.91
Elastic
modulus
(Gpa)
100-110 210 76 297 38
Tensile
strength
(Gpa)
4.15-4.80 0.5 3.45 6.21 0.27-0.65

14. APPLICATION OF BASALT FIBERS
REINFORCED CONCRETE
 Basalt has good electrical and sound insulating properties and
chemical resistance, especially in strong alkalis.
Basalt composite pipes can be used to transport corrosive liquids
and gases.
Field application of basalt fiber reinforcement includes concrete
industrial concrete floors, runways in airport, motor way, industrial
floors, in shops where heavy equipment is used, internal
reinforcement of tunnels and channels, and military installation.

15. ADVANTAGES OF BASALT FIBER REINFORCED
CONCRETE
Reduces the width of the cracks.
The total cost of the construction work reduces.
The fiber can be easily mixed.
The cost of repairs and maintenance greatly reduces due to fiber reinforced
concrete long life time.
The thickness of the concrete layer can be reduced to half.
Basalt fiber is not liable to galvanic corrosion, comparing to usual rebar that is an
electrical conductor and can have the cathode effect.

16. Technical advantages of Basalt Fibers used in concrete
structure
• Low level of micro cracks (up to 90%).
• Increases flexural strength (up to 35%)
• Increases concrete fatigue strength and resistance (up to 40%)
• Increases the frost resistance (up to 35%)
• Increases water tightness (up to 50%)
• Increases surface endurance of concrete ( up to 70%)
• Decreases slivering of corners and edges ( up to 90%)

17. • Fig5 :Basalt rebar Fig6:Basalt geo-textile Fig7:Copper fiber
• Fig8:CBF filaments Fig9:CBF roving Fig10:Basalt rock

18. CONCLUSION
The basalt fibers is now being popular choice for the material scientist for the replacement of steel
and carbon fibers due to its high rigidity and low elongation or extension at break.
Its supreme tenacity value makes it as a useful reinforcement material in the present and also for
the future era to come.
The most important contribution due to the addition of basalt fibers is the change of mode of failure
from a brittle to ductile, when subjected to compression, bending, tension and impact with
improvements in properties of concrete specified in the catalogue provided by the supplier.
The basalt fiber rebar having full resistance against corrosion may be good alternative for the
reinforcement of concrete structures, like RC bridge girders subjected to an environmental attack.
Finally we may concluded that the basalt fiber can be used as a good alternative strengthening
material instead of glass fiber, carbon fiber, steel fiber, etc

19. REFFERENCE
1. JongsungSim, Park, C & Moon, D 2005, ‘Characteristics of basalt fiber as a
strengthening material for concrete
structures’, Composites, Vol. 36, pp.504-512.
2. Li, Wang & Xu, J 2009, ‘Mechanical properties of basalt fiber reinforced
geopolymeric concrete under impact loading’,
Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 505, pp. 178-186.
3. Ludovico, M., Prota, A., &Manfredi, G., 2010, ‘Structural upgrade using basalt
fibers for concrete confinement’,
Journal of Composites for Construction, Vol.14, pp.541-552.
4. Lopresto V., Leone C., &Iorio, D., 2011, ‘Mechanical characterization of basalt fiber
reinforced plastic’, Composites,
Vol.42, pp. 717-723.
5. Manikandan V., Jappes, W., Kumar, S., &Amuthakkannan, P 2012 ‘Investigation of
the effect of surface modifications on the mechanical properties of basalt fiber
reinforced polymer composites’, Composites, Vol. 43, pp.812-818.

20. THANK YOU