EYE EAR NOSE THROAT DISEASES

1. SUDESHNA BANERJEE DUTTA
LECTURER
S.R.S.V.M B.SC NURSING COLLEGE

2.  It’s a disorder that affects the inner ear. the
inner ear is responsible for balance & as well
as hearing.
 It is a syndrome characterized by a triad of
symptoms;
Vertigo
Hearing loss
Tinnitus.

4. ETIOLOGY:- Unknown
RISK FACTOR:-
 Toxicity
 Allergies
 Emotional factor
 Anatomical abnormalities

5.  Periodic episodes vertigo or dizziness
 Tinnitus
 Hearing loss
 Feeling of Fullness/pressure in the ear
 Nausea, vomiting, Diarrhea
 Headache
 Diaphoresis
 Disorientation

6.  History Pattern of symptoms Association between
hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo
 Physical examination
 Otoscopic examination
 Rinne (usually indicates that air conduction remains
better than bone conduction) & weber test(Assess
the bone conduction of sound with Tuning fork)

9.  Diuretics (e.g. hydrochlorothiazide) actually
decrease the fluid pressure load in the inner ear.
 Vasodilators
 Antiemetic eg. Trimethobenzamide 250 mg TDS
 Anti-inflammatory (steroids)

10.  Ototoxic ablation therapy ( Transtympanic injection of
antibiotics that are toxic to inner ear)
 Endolymphatic decompression (performed to maintain
the hydrostatic pressure and endolymph homeostasis
in the inner ear for patients )
 Labyrinthectomy (The balance end organs are
removed so that the brain no longer receives signals
from the parts of the inner ear that sense gravity and
motion changes. The hearing organ (cochlea) is also
sacrificed with this procedure.)

13.  Partial or total loss of hearing.
 Constant tinnitus
 Permanent balance disability
 Fear, phobia
 Dehydration
 Decrease quality of life
 Trauma from falling

14.  Risk for fluid volume deficit R/T increase fluid output,
altered intake.
 Risk for injury R/T altered mobility & vertigo.
 Altered auditory sensory perception R/T altered state
of the ear.
 Anxiety R/t threat to changes health status.
 Disturbed body image R/T vertigo.

16.  Inflammation or infection of the tonsils is medically
termed as Tonsillitis.
 Tonsils are protective (lymph) glands that are
situated on both sides in the throat.
 The tonsils constitute an important part of the body's
immune system and are vital defense organs.
 They protect the body from bacteria and viruses by
fighting these as soon as they enter the body (via the
oral / nasal cavity).

17.  Bacterial and viral infections can cause tonsillitis
through droplet infection.
 A common cause is Streptococcus bacteria.
 Other common causes include:
• Adenoviruses
• Influenza virus
• Epstein-Barr virus
• Parainfluenza viruses
• Enteroviruses
• Herpes simplex virus

18.  Foods with artificial colors and preservatives.
 Cold foods, cold drinks, Ice creams.
 Changes of weather.
 Extremely cold climate,
 Damp weather.
 Exposure to a lot of pollution.
 Sour fruits, lemon, pineapple, grapes, oranges.

19.  Red and swollen tonsils
 White spots (specks or patches) on the tonsils
 Enlarged lymph nodes in neck region
 Bad and foul breath
 Cough
 Running Nose

20. SYMPTOMS
 Soreness of throat
 Difficulty in swallowing or painful swallowing of food and
drinks
 Pain / discomfort while swallowing saliva
 Change of voice
 Pain in the ears (due to common nerve supply of the
back of the throat and ears)
 Headache, Malaise, tiredness

21.  Throat swab :This is used to get a sample of the
secretion from the back of the throat.
 Monospot test: A blood test can detect certain
antibodies, which can help confirm that a person’s
symptoms are due to infection with the Epstein-Barr
virus
 Blood tests: This primarily includes a complete blood
count (CBC) which is done to confirm the presence of
infection

22.  Local: Severe swelling with spread of infection and
inflammation to the hypopharynx and larynx may
occasionally produce increasing respiratory
obstruction, although it is very rare.
 Peritonsillar abscess is one of the complications of
acute tonsillitis and its development means that
infection has spread outside tonsillar capsule.

25.  Acetaminophen & Ibuprofen are given for relieving
the symptoms.
 Antibiotics are prescribed once bacterial infection is
confirmed.
 Tonsillectomy – For those children's who do not
respond to antibiotics
 Quinsy/Peritonsillar abscess - It is usually treated
by draining the abscess and by providing antibiotics.
Sometimes removing the tonsils is needed to treat
quinsy

26.  Avoid close contact with others who are sick.
 Keep children away from kids who are known to have
tonsillitis or a sore throat.
 Remind kids about the importance of proper hand washing,
especially when around people who appear to be sick.
 Wash and disinfect surfaces and toys.
 Teaching kids to cover their mouths when coughing or
sneezing, preferably using a tissue so that germs do not get
on their hands. And show them how to use tissues to wipe
their noses.
 Carry disposable wipes and a hand sanitizer to clean hands