Hydroelectric power, also called hydropower, electricity produced from generators driven by turbines that convert the potential energy of falling or fast-flowing water into mechanical energy.

1. HYDROPOWER ENERGY
Submitted to – Nadia Ali Ma'am
Submitted by -
Shubani Noor
Sheikh Faizan Javid
Shahid Jalal

2. • Hydroelectricpower, alsocalled hydropower, electricity produced from generators driven by turbines that
convert the potential energy of falling or fast-flowing water into mechanical energy.
• In the late 19Th century, hydropower became a source for generating electricity. Cragside in Northumberland was
the first house powered by hydroelectricity in 1878 and the first commercial hydroelectric power plant was built
at Niagara Falls in 1879.
• In the early 21stcentury, hydroelectric power was the most widely utilized form of renewable energy.
• In 2019 it accounted for more than 18 percent of the world’s total power generation capacity.

3. hydroelectricturbine generators
Mechanism:
In the generation of hydroelectricpower, water is collected or stored at a higher elevationand led downwardthrough large pipes
or tunnels (penstocks) to a lower elevation;the difference in these two elevationsis known asthe head. At the end of its passage
down the pipes, the fallingwater causes turbines to rotate.The turbines in turn drive generators, which convert the turbines’
mechanicalenergy into electricity. Transformers are then used to convert the alternatingvoltagesuitable for the generatorsto a
higher voltage suitablefor long-distance transmission. The structure that houses the turbines and generators, and into which the
pipes or penstocks feed, is calledthe powerhouse.

4. Hydropower Plant Ragn d'Err / Vincenzo Cangemi Architects
The Mulegn Powerplant is located approximately in the middle of the flat stretch of the Ragn d'Err stream between
the Kantonsstrasseand the inflow into the Gelgia river, on the northern side of the stream. Access to the building is
via the main road running parallel to Ragn d'Err stream. The building is designed so that it is as safe as possible in
the event of flood.

5. The floor plan is an elongated rectangle with a width of 11.30 m and a length of 23.50 m. The roof is designed
with 2 different pitches in the longitudinal direction and heights of approx 5.0 and 11.0 meters. The base and the
roof are realized so to follow the surrounding terrain slope. The supporting structure is made of concrete, also
visible from the outside. The building is acousting insulated and clad by a wooden planking.

6. The inside is illuminated by natural light seeping in through the wooden planks which at the same time protect from
the heat. The roof is covered with cement stone slabs. The only opening is the two-door large access gate. This
opens to the south, thus opposite to the village Tinizong, in order to keep the noise pollution as low as possible. The
Powerplant has been designed to integrate at best with the surrounding landscape.
Longitudinal Section
Due to the high engine heat, during the winter operating period the building shall be heated only to avoid the
temperature to go as low as 6 ° C.

7. Cross Section

8. The Pearl Academy of
Fashion, Jaipur is a campus which by
virtue of its design is geared towards
creating an environmentally
responsive passive habitat
Pearl Academy of Fashion / Morphogenesis
The Pearl Academy of Fashion is located in a
typical hot, dry, desert type climate on the
outskirts of Jaipur in the soulless Kukas
industrial area, about 20 kilometers from the
famous walledcity.

9. The architecture is a confluence of modern adaptations of traditional Indo-Islamic architectural elements
and passive-cooling strategies commonly used in Rajasthan’s desert climate, such as self-shading
courtyards, water bodies, baolis (stepwell) and jaalis to negotiate the large differential between internal
and external temperatures

10. Manit Rastogi, who designed the
academy, explains that baoli -- the Hindi
word for stepwell -- are bodies of water
encased by a descending set of steps.
"When water evaporates in heat, it
immediately brings down the
temperature of the space around it,"
But it's not just the stepwells that are
involved in this process of "passive
cooling" -- the general term applied to
technologies or design features that
cool buildings without power
consumption.

11. The underbelly,derived from a
traditional baoli,employsearth
sheltering, thermal bankingand
evaporativecooling to modulate
surrounding temperatures.
Temperature and climate analysisfor
this region shows that at a depth of 3
metres (9.8 feet) the ground
temperature equalsthe average
temperature of the region, which is
about 25 degrees Celsius(77º F).
This, along with evaporativecooling,
achieves stable temperatures of
about 27 degrees Celsius(81º F)
inside the structure without the use
of air conditioning,even when
outside temperatures are upto 20
degrees Celsius higher.

12. The whole building is raised above
the ground on pillars, creating an airy
and shaded pavilion that is used as a
recreation and exhibition space. And
, the walls are made from a heat-
absorbing material that creates a
"thermal bank" -- so the warmth is
slowly released at night when the
temperature drops.
•
The building is protected from the
environment by a double skin the ‘Jaali’
it acts as a thermal buffer between the
building and its surroundings.

13. The density of the perforated outer skin has
been derived using shadow analysis based on
orientation of the façades
The outer skin sits 4 feet away from the building
and reduces direct heat gain through articulated
fenestrations, yet allows for diffused daylight.`

14. Thank You