DCA Notes Paper-1 Fundamental of Computers

1. SHRI BALAJI INFOTECH
(English)

2. Introduction to Computers
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o Computers are machines that perform tasks (or) calculations according to a set
of instructions.
o The Computer is an electronic device that,
1. Accepts (reads) data from the input device
2. Processes the data by performing calculations and operations on it as per
instructions
3. Generates (writes) the desired output results on to the specified output
devices.

3. • Nowadays, computers are an important part of
our lives.
• The term "Computer" is derived from the
Latin word "Compute" which means "to
Calculate”.
• It was originally invented to make
calculations quickly and precisely.

4. Major Components of Computer
The major components of a computer are:
• Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Memory Unit
• Input Unit
• Output Unit

5. In two or three columns

6. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
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The CPU is the heart of the computer, this unit
actually executes instructions.
The major sections of CPU are:
• Control Unit (CU)
• Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU
Control Unit (CU)
Controls the operations that take place in various parts of a computer by sending
electronic signals.
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
It performs all arithmetic and logical operation for program execution.

7. Memory Unit
Memory is a device that stores computer's data and programs.
The two types of memory are
• Primary Memory (Internal)

8. Input Unit
• This unit is used to give data to the computer by the user.
• Keyboard, mouse, light pen, microphone, touch screen, joystick are
few input devices.

9. Output Unit
• This unit is used to display result generated by the computer.
• Monitor, printer, speaker are a few direct output devices.

10. Thanks!
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