Basic metabolic pathways in higher plants Chapter 1st, pharmacognosy and phytochemistry

1. BASIC Metabolic pathways in
higher plants
ASST.PROF ROHIT PRADIP MALI
NGSPM COP, NASHIK.

2. Plant Secondary Metabolites
• Secondary metabolites are those metabolites which are
often produced in a phase of subsequent to growth, have
no function in growth (although they may have survival
function), are produced by certain restricted taxonomic
groups of microorganisms, have unusual chemicals
structures, and are often formed as mixtures of closely
related members of a chemical family.
• The simplest definition of secondary products is that they
are not generally included in standard metabolic charts.

3. Metabolic pathways
• The series of reactions occurring with in the organism in an orderly
and regular basis known as metabolic pathways.
ABCD
(Primary metabolic pathway)
In this reaction
A – starting reactor’s
B, C – mediators reactor like different compounds, enzymes known as metabolites
D- Product also known Metabolites.
Function
Primary metabolites are directly involved in plant metabolism, production, growth and
different physiological process.

4. Secondary metabolites
• This are the Metabolites are synthesis in plants for adaptions, (In
natural environmental stress) Pollination attraction,Protective
(Produce toxic substances for self protection), Defensive ( from
insect,microbial attack), Synthesis of chemical in particular plant and
in particular time.
• secondary Metabolites also known as active Metabolites because
they contain therapeutic effectiveness substances.
Examples- Glycosides, alkaloids, morphine, terpenoids

5. Secondary metabolic pathways
• Secondary metabolic are proceed from primary Metabolites
• Production of Sec.metabolites poses different pathways for different
metabolites.
Example Shikimic acid pathway, mevalonic pathway, acetate pathways

6. Primary & Secondary Metabolites formation.

7. • Co2( from plants)+ H2O ( from root to plant) and leaf chlorophyll
pigments gives sun Ray’s n form photosynthesis process gives sugar
(Glucose ) form of metabolite.
• This sugar molecule to carbohydrates forms secondary Metabolites
glycosides
• From primary metabolite pentose phosphate pathways with enzyme
Erythose -4- phosphate gives Shikimic acid metabolites,phenyl
propanoids, flavonoids, tannins secondary Metabolites.
• From pyruvate to acetyl CoA gives acetate melonate pathway gives
fatty acids , lipids, waxes
• Acetyl CoA To mevalonic acid pathway forms secondary Metabolites
Terpenoids

8. • From primary Metabolites Tricarboxylic acid cycle with aliphatic
amino acid forms proteins alkaloids.

9. Thank you